路基加寬 的英文怎麼說

The highway are widened and reinforced intensity and heavy repaired on the basis of old highway, so that the highway can be improved the level and the traffic capacity in shenyang city even all over liaoning province in last few years

從沈陽市乃至遼寧省近幾年公路建設來看，主要採取在原有路線的基礎上進行加寬、補強改建和大修，以此來提高公路的等級，增大通行能力。

On one hand, is the product of beam waist radius and half divergence angle, wavelength is not involved. so there is possibility to compare the acutal focusing ability among laser beams with different wavelength. on the other hand, is a calculated result by measuring experiment, and it is more brief and persuadable than m 2factor, since the latter one is a ratio with basic mode gauss beam

論文研究論證了用值評價激光光束質量的實際意義在於兩個方面，一方面它僅僅包含了光束束寬和發散角，不涉及波長的因素，使不同波長激光束的可加工能力具有可比性;另一方面，值是根據對光束傳輸路徑上不同位置處束寬實際測量結果的計算值，比其在與基模高斯光束進行比值計算得到的m2因子更簡潔、更有說服力。

This article puts forward a solution named divide - assemble by deducing the size of bp neural network to overcome entering the local best point, the dividing process is that a big bp neural network is divided into several small bp neural networks, every small bp neural network can study alone, after all small bp neural networks finish their study, we can assemble all these small bp neural networks into the quondam big bp neural networks ; on the basis of divide - assemble solution, this article discusses the preprocessing of input species and how to deduce the size of bp neural network further to make it easy to overcome entering the local best point ; for the study of every small bp neural network, this article adopts a solution named gdr - ga algorithm, which includes two algorithms. gdr ? a algorithm makes the merits of the two algorithms makeup each other to increase searching speed. finally, this article discusses the processing of atm band - width distribution dynamically

本文從bp網的結構出發，以減小bp神經網路的規模為手段來克服陷入局部極小點，提出了bp神經網路的拆分組裝方法，即將一個大的bp網有機地拆分為幾個小的子bp網，每個子網的權值單獨訓練，訓練好以後，再將每個子網的單元和權值有機地組裝成原先的bp網，從理論和實驗上證明了該方法在解決局部極小值這一問題時是有效的；在拆分組裝方法基礎上，本文詳細闡述了輸入樣本的預處理過程，更進一步地減小了bp網路的規模，使子網的學習更加容易了；對于子網的學習，本文採用了最速梯度? ?遺傳混合演算法（即gdr ? ? ga演算法） ，使gdr演算法和ga演算法的優點互為補充，提高了收斂速度；最後本文闡述了用以上方法進行atm帶寬動態分配的過程。

This paper starts the research of the liquid floated pendulous accelerometer testing system according to the engineering. at first, this paper gives the brief introduction of the history and present status of accelerometer and its testing technology, the working principium and math model of the liquid floated pendu - lous accelerometer, and then, decides the binary width pulse force retrim loop as the design proposal of testing system, researches the transfer function of every part in the system emphasizly, analyses the stability of the whole accelerometer testing system from the angle of control theoretics by the open loop transfer function of system, and designed the correcting net, analyses the basal problems such as resolution, sampling restraint, precision and so on, designs the hardware testing circuits such as preamplification, band - pass filter, alternating amplifier, phase sensitive demodulatorn, pulse - width modulation, frequency scale circuit, moment current generator. finally, using the graphics program language labv - iew which is designed for testing field especially by ni accomplishes the solfware design of testing system, realized the testing functions

首先對加速度計及其測試技術的發展歷史和現狀，液浮擺式加速度計的工作原理和數學模型等作了簡要的介紹，然後確定了以二元調寬脈沖再平衡測試迴路為設計方案，並從控制理論的角度進行了分析，著重研究了系統中各部分的傳遞函數，利用系統開環傳遞函數分析了系統的穩定性，同時設計了系統的校正網路;分析了二元調寬脈沖再平衡測試迴路的解析度、采樣約束以及測試精度等基本問題，並按照系統分析的結果設計了包括前置放大、帶通濾波、交流放大、相敏解調、脈寬調制、頻標電路以及力矩電流發生器等測試系統各部分硬體電路，驗證了電路的正確性，最後按照測試系統的要求，採用了美國ni公司專為測試領域所開發的虛擬儀器工具? ? labview作為測試軟體開發工具，利用該圖形化編程語言完成了測試系統軟體部分的設計，實現了測試功能。

Based on this algorithm, an end - to - end rate - based transport protocol named the trinomial protocol is developed, in terms of individual performance and capacities, the trinomial protocol provides much better transmission service than current tcp or udp protocols : it minimizes transmission delays and delay jitter by omitting re - transmission ; in the steady state, its transmission rate is smooth ; and when available network bandwidth increases / decreases, it adapts to the change quickly

基於該機制，開發了基於速率的點對點三項式協議。在個體性能和容量方面，三項式協議提供了比當前tcp和udp協議更好的傳輸服務；在穩態，它的傳輸速率是平滑的，並且當可用的網路帶寬增加或減小時，能迅速而自適應地進行改變。

Section ii describes the design approach and implementation of speech module on mcf5249 coldfire core. the speech codec optimizes g. 729a codes and added voice activity detection of g. 729b to save bandwidth ; the implementation of acoustic echo cancellation uses nlms algorithm and it can reduce echo though designing adaptive fir filter and speech detector ; the dtmf and cpt generate signal using two second order digital sinusoidal oscillators and detect signal by picking up the frequency information. but only get the frequency information is not enough in cpt detector, this thesis introduces a method

其中對語音編解碼器的設計採用優化g . 729a代碼達到設計要求，並在此基礎上加入g . 729b的靜音檢測模塊，以進一步降低網路傳輸帶寬;對回聲消除器的設計採用nlms演算法，通過設計自適應fir濾波器和語音檢測器達到回聲消除目的;對雙音多頻設計，信號發生端採用構造靜態參數表並通過二階正弦振蕩器產生信號，信號檢測端提取頻率信息以檢測信號;對呼叫進程音設計，除了類似雙音多頻的信號發生及頻率檢測設計外，還需要檢測信號持續時間，作者設計了一種基於匹配狀態表的方法以檢測信號持續時間。

Study achievement appears as following aspects : ( 1 ) yellow river estuary gate river flow and tide flow mixed area is not keep standing deposition status, on special income water and sediment conditions, boundary conditions and oceanic power conditions, this area may on the scour status ; ( 2 ) observed from estuary sediment deposition distributing process : delta and sea offing area sediment deposition vary trend is similar, each part sediment deposition scale varies as wave shape ; ( 3 ) on estuary gate, affect the sediment deposition factors, primary factors are tide prop, the gate widens gradually, estuary gate have branches, brine induced flocculation. this paper study the estuary gate widen, estuary gate have branches to affect the river channel deposition in quantity ; ( 4 ) based on field measured data, for the first time, deduce the estuary sediment deposition and distributing regress formula which can estimate estuary different areas sediment deposition volume ; ( 5 ) this subject demonstrate the estuary delta coastline dynamic balance conception, build the relationship between the estuary income sediment with deposition land area, draw the following important conclusion : when estuary years - averaged income sediment keeps at 345 million tons, the delta coastline may on the dynamic balance status. ( 6 ) this subject firstly brings up estuary sediment optimized control conception, and has the primary study on the macroscopically optimized control conception method

研究認為： （ 1 ）黃河河口口門逕流潮汐區域並非持續保持淤積狀態，在特定的來水來沙、邊界條件和海洋動力條件下，該區域可以處于沖刷狀態； （ 2 ）從河口泥沙沉積分配的過程來看：三角洲與濱海區泥沙的沉積變化趨勢是基本一致的，各部位的泥沙沉積比例變化基本呈波動狀態，且三角洲與濱海區泥沙的沉積比例與來沙量密切相關，基本成正比關系； （ 3 ）在口門處，影響泥沙沉淤的因素主要集中在潮汐頂托、口門逐漸加寬、河口門分汊、鹽水造成絮凝等，本報告主要對口門加寬，口門西妥理工大學工程碩士專業學位論文分漢對河道淤積的影響進行了定量分析: （一扣根據實測資料首次建立了河贖流路泥沙沉積分配的回歸計算式，據此可以預估計算河口不同區域泥沙的沉淤量; 、 5 ）本項研究首次論證了河口三角洲岸線動態平衡的概念，並建立了黃河河口來沙量與造陸面積的相關關系，得出了當河口多年平均來沙量維持在3 . 45億t時其河口三角洲岸線則可能處于動態平衡狀態的重要結論; 『 6 ）本項研究首次提出了河口泥沙優化調控的概念，並對其宏觀優化調控模式進行了初步探討。

In order to make the sensitivity of 2 - demension accelerometer along the two main arbors almost identical, symmetric four - beam structure that embeds a double - sides interdigitated differential capacitive with puckered beam in two directions was used as sensitive component. in addition, the differential capacitive accelerometer fabricated by bulky silicon micromechanical technique has high sensitivity, wide measurement scope, less nonlinear error, and simple converting circuit. then, the structure parameters of the sensitive component were calculated and stimulated, which results in a set of the optimized structure design parameters, main fabrication procedure and several key fabrication technology

為使二維振動傳感器在兩主軸方向的靈敏度大致相同，敏感元件採用高度對稱的四梁結構，其中每個軸向上均採用帶折疊梁的雙側叉指電容結構，採用體硅微機械工藝製作的高深寬比叉指電容式敏感元件，具有高靈敏度、寬量程、非線性誤差小、外圍電路簡單等優點;對設計的敏感元件結構參數進行了計算，並利用有限元法進行了模擬分析，根據模擬結果得出了優化參數;在確定敏感結構的基礎上，研究了敏感元件採用體硅微機械加工工藝製作的工藝流程和關鍵工藝技術;對敏感晶元內部的c - v介面電路進行了原理設計與分析，利用差動測量技術得到由振動引起的微小電容變化量，經c - v介面電路進行相位調制處理，然後通過解調輸出與加速度成正比的電壓信號。

Widening and thickening of subgrade for highway improvement works

改建工程路基拓寬和加高的處理

The article has researched the intention of agricultural industrialization which is guided by market and mainstay enterprises, based on agricultural product base organized by a lot of families, and characterized by joint management and mutual benefit. it also realized production specialization, product commercialization, service socialization and etc. the article has also researched the existing conditions of agricultural industrialization both at home and abroad. although it is different in national conditions and actual practice, the developed countries follows the market economic law and naturally steps on the road of agricultural industrialization. as the continuous reforming and opening up, china actively explores and enhances the management level of agricultural industrialization. the writer uses system changing theory, scale management theory, trade expense theory. market system theory and industrial economics theory, to put forward the main type of mainstay enterprises, which is divided by ownership, organization form, contact form and product. the writer thinks that development of mainstay enterprises can promote effective joining between small production and big market, the developing of high - benefit agriculture, establishing trade / industry / agriculture operation system, region economics and joining process between urban area and rural area. the existing conditions in strengthening the mainstay enterprises in zhaoyuan embodies continuous expanding in scale. continuous widening in fields, continuous enhancing in benefits, continuous improving in techology and quality. by finding the problem and shortage in product quality, developing ability and scale strength, the article has put forward the following views : face to market and enhance quality and techological content of agricultural products ; enforce flexible policy and investments ; establish fair and reasonable benefits joining system. the article has also put forward the countermeasures and suggestions on enhancing the enterprises ' management level

文章研究了農業產業化經營的內涵，明確其以市場為導向、以龍頭企業為依託、以一大批農戶組成的農產品生產基地為基礎，形成農工商有機結合、風險共擔、利益均沾的本質特點，表現出生產專業化、經營一體化、企業規模化、產品商品化、服務社會化等特徵。分析了國內外產業化經營的現狀，認為盡管各國的國情不同，具體的做法和叫法不盡相同，但是經濟發達國家都遵循市場經濟規律，很自然走上了農業產業化經營的道路，發展中國家紛紛仿效，中國也隨著改革開放不斷深入，積極探索發展提高農業產業化經營水平。作者運用制度變遷理論、規模經營理論、交易費用理論、市場機制理論和產業經濟學理論，提出了龍頭企業從所有制形式、從組織形式、從聯系方式及從產品上劃分的主要類型；認為發展龍頭企業有促進小生產與大市場的有效對接、推動優質高效農業縱深發展、建立貿工農一體化運行機制、振興區域經濟、加速城鄉一體化進程等作用；考察了招遠市壯大龍頭企業推進農業產業化的現狀，表現在規模不斷擴大、領域不斷拓寬、效益不斷提高、技術不斷改進、質量不斷提高等方面；找出了龍頭企業產品質量上、開發能力上、規模實力上和行業自律上的問題和差距，提出了要面向市場，努力提高農產品的質量和科技含量，多策並舉，搞活投入機制，建立公平合理的利益聯結機制，加強行業自律，提高企業經營管理水平等對策和建議。

To these problems, i offer seven suggestions to improve the vc system. on this basis, i described the target of chinese vc system : to improve the concerning laws and regulations in order to guarantee a good environment ; the coexistence of government supervision and self - control of the industry ; the small and meddle size technological enterprises are the micro - basis and droved by a regulated markets ; under the support of the financial and intermediary institutions, the developing funds, industry investment funds, pension funds and large enterprises groups will become the principal of investment

第三章，在前面幾部分論述的基礎上提出加強風險投資體系建設的7條對策建議: 1 .培育風險投資主體，拓寬風險資本來源渠道; 2 .完善資本市場，拓寬風險投資退出渠道; 3 .發展企業孵化器網路，完善中介服務機構體系; 4 .制定風險投資行業政策，健全風險投資法規體系; 5 .盡快建立監管體制，規范風險投資業發展; 6 .完善科研管理體制，構築科技創新的微觀基礎; 7 .建立教育試點專業，培養風險投資人才。

Disaster characteristic and mechanism analysis on expanded roadbed of advanced level highway

高等級公路路基加寬病害特徵及機理分析

What ' s more, the paper, based on a project example, suggested a rational widening embankment structure. by using finite element software - ansys, and according to different environment on soft ground ( including different height of embankment, different thickness of soft ground and different layer - number of reinforcements and so on ), the paper also analyzed the effects of the geosynthetics which reducing the non - uniform settlement of the new & old embankment, the deformation characteristics and settlement rule of the widening embankment structure, then presented rational widening programs of the embankment structure

另外，本文還以工程實例為背景，擬定軟土地基上舊路加寬比較合理的路基結構，並運用大型有限元分析軟體ansys進行有限元分析，就軟土地基上舊路加寬結構在不同的情況（主要指不同的路基高度、不同軟土層厚度、不同的加筋層數等）下，對土工合成材料減少新舊路基不均勻沉降的效果進行分析計算，討論了軟土地基上加寬路堤在不同情況下的變形特徵和沉降規律，並在上述基礎上，提出不同情況下較合理的路基加寬方案。

This method is a kind of the end to end approach, based on the novel concept of using dummy segments to probe the availability of network resources in order to using the network resources more effectively. for the packet loss caused by the link error, it can recover the congestion windows quickly, so the goodput of tcp in satellite net can be improved

Tcp - peach2方案是基於探測報文的一種端到端的解決方案，通過發送探測報文來對鏈路的實際容量進行探測，從而更加有效的利用網路帶寬，提高tcp協議的性能。對于由鏈路出錯所引起的數據包丟失，可以明顯加快發送窗口的恢復速度，從而大大提高衛星鏈路中tcp的吞吐量。

Cdma2000 1x packet data service is completely based on ip technique. when subscribers use packet data service, packet network offers a channel to connect ip network to mobile terminal. on this way, cdma2000 1x packet network can offer internet accessing 、 vpn ( virtual private network ) special network accessing service and so on. as 3g ( the third ganeration ) telecommunication technique come, packet network offers many expecting service, such as image flowing medium 、 video meeting 、 interactive game service, etc. this engineering design helps to construct cdma2000 1x packet network of sichuan unicom

Cdma20001x分組數據業務完全基於ip技術。當用戶使用分組數據業務的時候，分組域將為移動終端提供一個接入ip網路的通道，在此基礎上， cdma20001x分組核心網可以向移動用戶提供網際網路、虛擬專網接入等多種分組數據業務。隨著3g通信技術的發展，提供給移動終端用戶的傳輸速率和可用帶寬將大大的增加。

A switch ic for analog signal processing is designed and implemented, which can fulfill the functions of sampling, weighting, controlling and summing of high frequency analog signals. the circuit consists of three parts : four channel analog switches, a voltage reference and the control circuitry. each analog switch is comprised of two high - transconductance n - mosfets with high w / l ratio, which realize the fine tuning and coarse tuning of the input signal respectively

本文研究並設計了一種可對高頻信號進行取樣、加權、控制、疊加的模擬信號處理丌關集成電路，它包括模擬開關、電壓基準源和移位寄存器三個功能模塊，通過兩個高寬長比的高跨導nmos晶體管實現權值的粗調和微調。

In order to get the real - time motor controller with wide speed scope, high precision and large ability, this paper has used the special digital signal processor ( dsp ) made in texas instrument for motor control to design and finish the speed adjustable motor controller, analyzed the control methods and discussed the application in the fields of position testing, drive and power inverter circuit, completed related hardware testing and tested its functions

為了獲得調速范圍寬、精度要求高、功能強大的實時電機控制器，本論文選用了德儀公司生產的電機專用數字信號處理dsp晶元，完成了調速電機控制器的設計與製造。並在此基礎上分析了控制策略以及在位置檢測、驅動、主功率電路應用等方面展開了討論。完成了相關的硬體調試並在實際中加以檢驗。

In order to decrease the harmonics in mc ' s input and output current, the svm method and sinusoidal hysteretic band method are introduced into the mc hysteretic control respectively. secondly, based on the predictive current control fundamental principle, the particular 27 vectors predictive current control strategy and current trend predictive control strategy are proposed. the simulation indicates that all of the current methods can improve the mc ' s output current quality and speed its dynastic response

提出了矩陣變換器的滯環電流控制策略，並針對滯環控制時輸入電流和輸出電流的諧波，分別提出了輸入電流空間矢量合成滯環控制方法和正弦環寬滯環控制方法；引入了矩陣變換器的預測電流控制新思路，在此基礎上，提出了矩陣變換器獨特的27矢量預測電流控制方法和趨勢型預測電流控制方法，模擬結果表明，各種電流控制方法提高了變換器的輸出電流品質，加快了變換器的動態響應性能。

In this paper, according to the reaction of deformation and crack of pavement caused by the non - uniform settlement and the whole stability between the new & old embankment after widening the used road on soft ground, based on the study of settlement and stability of soft ground, the author systematically analyzed the mechanism of geosynthetics in the widening pavement structure, and presented a whole settlement computing method of reinforced embankment in widening structure with the theory of soil mechanics

本論文將利用土力學的相關理論，針對軟土地基上舊路加寬后，在新舊路基間所出現的不均勻沉降和新舊路基整體結合強度不夠而引起的路面變形、開裂等現象，從軟土地基沉降和路基穩定性入手，系統分析了土工合成材料在加寬路基結構中的作用機理，並初步提出了加寬道路加筋路堤沉降計算的一整套方法。

Geosynthetics ( such as geotextile, geogrid and so on ) can be used as a treamment in the process of widening the used road on soft ground. on the one hand, the tensile strength of geosynthetics can reinforce the structural association between the new & old embankment, and make them have enough entirety. on the other hand, geosynthetics can reduce settlement of the subgrad, and greatly reduce non - uniform settlement of the new & old embankment

軟土地基上公路的加寬處理，可以採用土工合成材料（如土工布、土工格柵等） ，一方面靠土工合成材料的抗拉強度增加加寬部分和舊路基之間結構聯系，使兩者具有足夠的整體性，另一方面可以減少軟基的沉降，並可明顯減少新舊路基的不均勻沉降。