逆值 的英文怎麼說

According to the research of physiological and biochemical indicators or index, components of soluble proteins, substrate protein of phosphorylation and the activity of protein kinase in low - temperature stress in the leaves of brassica oleracea l., we tried to find the law of the physiological and biochemical response of brassica oleracea l. leaf to low temperature. at the same time, discussion on the signal transduction can also provide further evidences for revealing the mechanism of low - temperature stress. the results are showed as follows : malondialdehyde ( mda ), superoxide dismutase ( sod ), ascorbate peroxidase ( asp ) and peroxidase ( pod ) activities were changed greatly after 0 ~ 30min ' s treating with low temperature

本文以甘藍葉片為材料，通過對低溫5脅迫下甘藍生理生化指標、可溶性蛋白組分以及磷酸化底物蛋白、蛋白激酶活性的研究，以期找出甘藍葉片對低溫脅迫的生理生化響應規律，為甘藍露地越冬栽培防範寒害提供理論指導，同時對低溫脅迫下甘藍逆境信號傳導進行了探討，從而為徹底弄清低溫脅迫機理提供進一步的證據，研究的主要結果如下：丙二醛含量（ mda ） 、超氧化物歧化酶（ sod ） 、抗壞血酸過氧化物酶（ asp ）和過氧化物酶（ pod ）活性在低溫處理0 30min發生顯著變化，低溫處理3min后，甘藍葉片內mda含量基本沒有變化，處理5min時出現第一個峰值，達到對照的104 . 10 ， 10min出現低谷，僅為對照的86 . 27 ，隨后再次上升， 30min時超過第一峰值，為對照的113 . 93 。

Firstly, chromatism analysis and wavelet transform are used for color image compression coding. in this method, one of the three color components of a color image ( for example the g component of a rgb color image ) is coded using wavelet transform, and the chromatism between g and other two color components rg = r - g, bg = b - g is coded respectively using chromatism analysis. during decoding, g ~ is first reconstructed using wavelet inverse transform and inverse quantisation, and rg, bg are reconstructed using chromatism analysis inverse transform ; then r, b are calculated by r = g + rg and b = g + bg respectively

其一是應用色差分析和小波變換對彩色圖象進行壓縮編碼，該方法是對彩色圖象的三個色彩分量之一，如rgb圖象的g進行小波變換編碼，而對g與另兩個色彩分量的差值（即rg = r - g和bg = b - g ）進行色差分析編碼，解碼則是通過反量化和小波逆變換得到g ^ ，通過色差分析的逆變換得到兩個重構的色差rg ^和bg ^ ，再算出r ^ = g ^ + rg ^ 、 b ^ = g ^ + bg ^ ，最後由r ^ 、 g ^ 、 b ^重構圖象。

Convergence criteria for vector valued continued fractions based on samelson inverse

逆的向量值連分式的收斂準則

On the converse proposition of higher order differential mean value theorem

關于高階微分中值定理的逆命題

( 4 ) on the efficient method for the dynamical core of the new generation multi - scale forecasting model i ) we present a new multi - level sparse approximate inverse preconditnioner for the complicated 3 - d helmholtz equations in the new generation weather forecasting model. as a result, the new sparse approximate inverse preconditioned gcr and gmres algorithms are given and successfully applied in the dynamical core. numerical tests show that the new algorithms perform very efficiently, and can greatly improve the efficiency of numerical model

對此，本文提出了一種基於逐層門限技術的近似逆矩陣稀疏模式預選方法，並構造了相應的稀疏近似逆預條件子，結合gcr演算法和g州[ r衛s演算法，首次將逐層門限稀疏近似逆預條件子應用於新一代多尺度預報模式動力內核的實際計算，數值實驗表明這里給出的方法可以大大提高數值模式的計算效率。

Because along with the liberalization of china ’ s capital account, once the economic developing speed slows down, capital account and current account ’ s surpluses reverse to deficits, the appreciation expect of renminbi will be changed. at the same time, the high quota savings in china ’ s banks will also bring us inflation pressure, inapparent currency substitution may be turn into visible currency substitution. also, the great deal of currency substitution inclining may convert into real currency substitution because of the vulnerable financial system

但另一方面，它又離我們那麼近，因為隨著中國資本賬戶開放的逐漸深入，一旦我國經濟不能保持高速發展，資本賬戶和經常賬戶雙順差現象出現逆轉，人民幣升值的預期將被改變，而我國高額的人民幣儲蓄也將給我國帶來通脹壓力，隱性的貨幣替代將有轉為顯性貨幣替代的可能，由於金融體系脆弱性所造成的大量貨幣替代傾向也很可能轉化為真實的貨幣替代。

Presents a new method for fairing of curves which has a small flexibility based on fitting the derivative of second order of curves. we fit the derivative of second order of curves by a polynomial fitting, then find an indefinite integral of this polynomial to get a approach of curves. otherwise, we discuss the analyze of the error and the optimize of fairing to this arithmetic

提出了一種針對小撓度曲線的逆向曲線光順演算法，該演算法直接擬合曲線型值點列的二階導數曲線，然後通過兩次積分來反求出光順后的曲線，並對該演算法的誤差分析、效果分析、光順優化等問題進行了深入探討。

In this part the direct neurotrophic effects of inosine were explored

值得注意的是，肌昔的這些作用在其濃度到達1000vm時被逆轉。

However, it is still often to draw the thrust isoline graph manually during the data processing

但是，在實際工作中，進行數據處理和制圖時，半手工繪制帶逆斷層的等值線圖的現象還普遍存在。

China ' s overall surplus and america ' s overall deficit have less to do with the value of the yuan than with chinese saving and american profligacy

中國的全部順差和美國的全部逆差同（人民幣）元的價值的關聯性要小於同中國人儲蓄和美國人揮霍的關聯性。

The algorithm of svpwm that is adopted by the system implements motor speed - regulation by control of magnitude and phase of motor flux. it can generate less harmonics in the output current of power inverter and less losses of ac motor, reduce pulsant component in output torque and raise availability of dc supply voltage

系統採用的svpwm演算法通過對空間磁鏈矢量幅值和相位的控制來調節電機轉速，減少了逆變器輸出電流的諧波，降低了脈動轉矩，提高了電壓的利用率。

When the ph of the solution was lower than 4, the structure of dab changes from an azo type to a quinoid type. this change was studied by sers and the reversibility of transformation was found

當溶液ph值小於4時，由於質子化， dab分子將從偶氮型結構轉變為醌型結構，本章利用sers技術，研究了其結構的這種變化，並且發現這種結構的變化是可以逆轉的。

The equations of motion governing the axisymmetric elastic deformation of finite orthotropic cylindrical shells, involving the effect of transverse shear and rotational inertia, are derived. by applying the reverberation method, the displacement and the resultant forces of the shell in the phase space are expressed. then the transient waves in the finite orthotropic cylindrical shell subjected to the axisymmetric impact are obtained by using inverse laplace transforms. furthermore, the transient solutions are decomposed to the generalized ray integrals and computed numerically

分析了計及剪切變形和轉動慣性的有限長正交異性圓柱殼中彈性瞬態波的傳播問題，採用回傳矩陣法，在相空間中給出了位移和內力的表達式。再利用laplace逆變換，得到正交異性圓柱殼受軸對稱沖擊作用時彈性瞬態波解，然後將其分解為若干廣義射線積分之和，並用數值方法求解之。

Inverse aperture radar ( isar ) can image non - cooperative moving targets such as aircrafts, ships and celestial objects over a long distance under all weather and all day. it is of particular interest for strategic defense, anti - submarine warfare and radar astronomy

逆合成孔徑雷達（ isar ）能夠對飛機、艦艇、天體等非合作運動目標進行全天時、全天候、遠距離成像，在戰略防禦、反衛星、戰術武器以及雷達天文學中都有重要應用價值。

In this dissertation, we firstly prove that any dirichlet problem is indeed equal to a voltages problem of networks. we give five solutions to dirichlet problem in two dimensions ; among these five solutions, we prove that the iteration solution and the solution of relaxations are exponential convergence, then we estimate their respective convergence rates ; secondly, we discuss random walks on general networks, prove that there is an one to one correspondence between networks and reversible ergodic markov chains ; thirdly, we give probabilistic interpretation of voltages for general networks : when a unit voltage is applied between a and b, making va = 1 and vb = 0, the voltage vx at any point x represents the probability that a walker starting from x will return to a before reaching b ; furthermore, we study the relationship between effective resistance and escape probability : starting at a, the probability that the walk reaches b before returning to a is the ratio of the effective conductance and the total conductance

本文證明了任何邊值的dirichlet問題都可轉化為求解電路電壓的問題：給出了計算平面格點上dirichlet問題的5種方法：證明了迭代法和松馳法都是指數收斂的，並分別給出收斂速度的估計；討論了一般電路上的隨機徘徊，驗證了電路與可逆的遍歷markov鏈是一一對應的；給出了電路電壓的概率解釋：當把1伏電壓加於a ， b兩端，使得v _ a = 1 ， v _ b = 0時，則x點的電壓v _ x表示對應的markov鏈中，從x出發，到達b之前到達a的概率；進一步地，給出了逃離概率與有效電阻之間的關系：從a出發，在到達b之前到達a的概率為有效傳導率與通過a的總傳導率之比。

1 m 0. 5, the phase - shifted angle 6 is controlled in term of sine law which makes the magnitude of resonant voltage track a reference sine voltage, and the resonant voltage is rectified, filtered, inverted and then the better sine - voltage output is obtained, theoretical analysis and experimental results show that for the resistive load and inductive load, the switches of leading leg of the phase - shift - controlled circuit are always turned on at zvs, and ones of lagging leg are turned on at zvs ( < 0 ) or turned off at zcs ( ( > 0 ), moreover, all switches in the low - frequency inverter are always turned on and off at zvs, the measured circuit efficiency for rated load reaches up to 88 %

從功率單向流動角度出發，提出了一種lcc諧振型恆頻移相單相高頻鏈逆變電路拓撲，在調制系數0 . 1 m 0 . 5情況下，控制移相角按正弦規律變化，使諧振電壓脈沖列的幅值追蹤參考正弦電壓信號，經過整流、濾波、低頻逆變，從而獲得正弦度較好的輸出電壓。理論分析和實驗結果證明對于阻性負載或阻感性負載，移相全橋具有超前橋臂零電壓開通，滯后橋臂或者零電壓開通（ _ 0 ）或者零電流關斷（ _ 0 ）的軟開關特性，而低頻逆變器的各個開關均實現零電壓條件下的開通與關斷。

The property shows that the maximal solution is well - conditioned. two new iteration methods for finding the maximal solution are proposed. of these two methods, one is a linearly convergent iteration without matrix inversion, and one is related to newton s method and quadratically convergent

這2種方法，一種是線性收斂的，其優點是迭代過程不需要求矩陣的逆另一種是二次收斂的，數值試驗的結果表明該方法在計算速度和精度方面都明顯地優于現有的其他幾種迭代方法。

The algorithm can not only eliminate the influence of the cumulative errors of the photoelectric code recorder, but also it can satisfy the requirement of the real - time control. a direct inverse model controller of fuzzy neural network with changeable structure based on takagi - sugeno inference is presented and it is used to the motion control of mobile robot. in order to avoid the obstacles successfully, detection results from ccd and ultrasonic sensors are fused by a fuzzy neural network, which acts as an avoidance controller

包括移動機器人的融合自定位問題：移動機器人利用光電編碼器進行自定位，同時用擴展卡爾曼濾波器融合多個超聲波傳感器的測量值，採用回朔演算法將融合值用於復位光電編碼器，消除了光電編碼器累積誤差的影響，並能滿足實時控制的要求：並提出一種基於takagi - sugeno模型的變結構模糊神經網路直接逆模型控制器，並應用於移動機器人的運動控制；利用模糊神經網路避障控制器融合ccd攝象機與超聲波傳感器探測到的環境信息，以實現機器人的安全避障。

Based on output voltage and capacitor - current feedback current spwm control, the inverter is modeled and the prototype is made

並對採用輸出電壓和電容電流瞬時值反饋的電流spwm控制技術逆變器建立了模擬模型，製作了原理樣機。

The re technique is generally composed of 3 - d surface digitalization, data procession, surface reconstruction, cad 3 - d modeling and rapid manufacture, etc. the reverse engineering cad / cam system has broad industrial usage, and the research work has extremely theoretic and application importance

Re技術通常涉及三維測量（表面數字化） 、數據處理、曲面重構、三維建模及快速製造等相關技術。逆向工程cad cam系統具有廣泛的工業用途，其研究開發工作具有較大的理論意義和應用價值。