逆程率 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [nìchénglǜ]
逆程率
英文
retrace ratio-
Heat engine efficiency in elliptical reversible cycle of ideal gas
理想氣體的橢圓形可逆循環過程的熱機效率For any irreversible process, the efficiency is less than that of the carnot cycle
任何不可逆過程中，效率是小於的卡諾循環。In order to approach the carnot efficiency, the processes involved in the heat engine cycle must be reversible and involve no change in entropy
為了接近卡諾效率，所涉及的過程，在熱機循環必須可逆且涉及沒有改變熵。By taking advantages of epipolar line features and depth discontinuities in reference 中國科學院 軟件 研究所 博士 學位 論文 基于 圖 象 的 快速 繪制 技術 的 研究 images ， an efficient inverse wmping algorithm is pfoposed in chapter 3 for gcnerating nagcs of novel views by combining multiple eference images 帆 enhm different vie 呷 oints because continuous segnents determi 。 d by pairs ofedge pixels at co 。 spending epipolar lines are order kept ， only pairs of edge pixels in the reference 渝 明 e e necess 叨 口 cowute to obtain generalized disparity of all points in the desired image as a result ， sighficant acceleraion could be made in the endering pfo 比 鴕 two accelerating techiq 此 s e presented in this algori 山 mb accelerate the hole illing process his algorithm extends the reference images rom projection of single col ： ii ’ ected surface in previously developed nvnverse w 出 下 er to ima 驢 s captured rom complex scene in chapter 4 ， an 《 dent ibr method is prese 庇 仙 y takn ull 訕 antage of 呷 bies c 咖 the method can simulate the 3d details on sllri ： ace of object successfully he 。 叩 proach ， called rered ature mopmp consists of two pans at fst ， an origi 。 ltexture with orthogonal displacements per pixel is deco 啊 osed into a series of new t6 刀 mfcs with each 他 lug a given displacement per pixel ， called ae ， ea atures ， or lt hen hese lt e used to render the novel view by conventional texture mapping d avoid gaps n the endered hlla 驢 ， some phels are to be interpolated nd extended in the 廠 kaccoding to the depth differe eee between two neighbor pixels in the original texture as these ltlt fc … e much storage nd therefore much time is equired to install ltlt into the text ’ ufc buffec an 舊 thod is pfoposed to co 呷 fcss the ltlt ， nd the cottcspondingfclldering method is given experimental esults show that the new method is efficient ， especially n rendering those objects with a smaller depth rnge compared withtheir size ， such as relief surfaces of building
與己有的三維變換方法相比較，該方法不但成功地填補了由於投影區域擴張而產生的第一類空洞，而且成功地填補了由於空間深度非連續物體相互遮擋而產生的第二類空洞，從而方便地實現了虛擬環境中的漫遊；基於物體表面深度的連續性，本文提出了一個位移預測方法? ?此方法可以從單幅參考圖象獲得逆映射過程中所需要的目標圖象的位移信息，從而大大提高了演算法的效率：與通常的正向映射演算法相比，此演算法克服了多幅參考圖象所帶來的計算量成倍增長等問題，而且誤差較小。 2 ）基於極線幾何的快速逆映射演算法。利用參考圖象的邊界信息與隱含的遮擋關系，以及極線幾何的性質，本文第三章提出了一個基於極線幾何的快速3 『一中國科學院軟體研究所博士學位論文基於圖象的快速繪制技術的研究逆映射演算法，從多幅參考圖象精確合成當前視點目標圖象。The study has completed the design of two - phase inverter and made up of the two - phase inverter - motor system for experimental use it is a variable frequency adjustable speed system with a open - loop control of rotational speed, which consists of voltage - controlled oscillator circulating assign device inverter circuit and two - phase induction motor a accurate mathematical model is set based on the whole system, and simulator program of dynamic and steady condition is established, which is used to calculate the dynamic and steady performance by kron and symmetrical coordinate converter by simulator calculation and experimental research with specific parameter of the system, a comparison is made between predicted and experimental characteristics, experimental measurements are shown to compare closely with corresponding theoretical result it is compared with some variable frequency adjus table speed system comprising inverter and single - phase induction motor from the system efficiency torque pulsation and the effect of two - phase inverter capacitance based on the conclusion, harmonic cancellation pulse width modulation control of a two - phase inverter - fed induction - motor drive system is researched, which cancelled the low harmonic and improve the system performance
通過對電機的kron變換和對稱分量變換，建立了系統較精確的數學模型，編制了系統動態及穩態運行的模擬計算程序分別計算系統的動態和穩態性能。通過對系統的具體參數進行了模擬運算和實驗研究，實驗和模擬結果進行比較，說明實驗和理論較為一致，並從系統效率、轉矩脈動及兩相逆變器電容的影響等方面與各種逆變器和單相異步電動機組成的變頻調速系統加以比較。在此基礎上，對兩相逆變器供電-異步電動機系統使用諧波抑制pwm控制進行了研究，由於減少了低次諧波，改善了系統性能。Zero - voltage turn - on and zero - voltage turn - off in lagging arm and leading arm of soft - switching topology, working waveform of power transformer and process of rectifier and transition are presented in detail. the influence of resonant inductance of the power transformer, resonant capacitor and variation of load to the process of soft - switching are given
主要對軟開關滯后橋臂和超前橋臂的零電壓開通、關斷過程，功率變壓器的工作波形及整流換流過程進行了詳細的模擬分析，並重點討論了逆變器的諧振電感、諧振電容以及負載變化對軟開關過程的影響。The methods that can efficiently suppress the disturbance on gate of switching component of the inverter - bridge are synthesized. a dual - inductor output filter is employed to improve electromagnetic interference ( emi ), due to turn - on or turn - off of the power switches of the inverter, which may be lead loads into trouble
本文詳細論述了1kva25hz新型鐵路信號電源和2kva高頻在線式ups的設計和調試工作，總結了幾種能夠有效抑制逆變橋功率開關管門極干擾的措施，並且運用一種雙電感結構的輸出濾波器來改善由逆變器功率管在開關過程中產生的、影響負載設備正常工作的電磁干擾。The stability of electric power system has been being focused for a long time toprevent a power system from losing synchronism after sudden fault ， researchers have done much work and got many accomplishments this paper applied the direct feedback linearization ( dfl ) technique on the power system ， a strong nonlinear system simulation results by matlab proved this method efficiency main works and results are as follows ： this paper compared some existing methods in excitation control ， fast valve control and coordinated control respectively, analyzed the developments and actuality of nonlinear control research in brief, illustrated why ransient stability could be greatly improved by using the fast valve control in chapter 3 ， indicated the importance of coordinated control farther this paper introduced the inverse system theory, based on which ， discussed the dfl theory, pointed out which had consistency with the inverse theory, expanded the dfl theory combined the idiographic model equations ， made which adapt to the model of a single machine - infinite bus power system this paper referenced abundance articles and educed a set of equations ， which could describe the dynamical process of excitation and fast valve control for synchronous generators in the equations ， there were several very important parameters of power system - - rotor angle ( ) ， rotor speed ( ) ， generator q axis voltage ( eq ) ， transient voltage ( e ' q ) ， active power ( pe ) ， mechanical input power ( pm ) ， valve opening ( ) ， generator terminal voltage ( vt ) ， based on the model ， nonlinear coordinated controller and terminal voltage optimal controller have been designed by using the expanded dfl theory and lq optimal control theory the simulation results showed that the controller could keep power system transiently stable under the effects of a symmetrical 3 - phase short circuit fault ， which achieved better postfault regulation compared with another two routine methods ， one is the proportion excitation controller and proportion fast valve controller, the other is the proportion excitation controller and the optimal fast valve controller, which could exert good performance when met 1ittle disturbance either
在介紹逆系統理論的基礎上，詳細介紹了dfl理論，通過比較闡明了dfl理論其本質是逆系統方法的一類，並結合具體課題推導出的模型方程將dfl理論進行了擴展，使之適應于電力系統這個強非線性對象。通過參考大量的書籍文獻推導出一套實用的可將大型汽輪發電機勵磁與汽門綜合起來進行控制的模型方程，此模型方程涵蓋了電力系統中特別引人注目的幾個量- -轉子角、轉子轉速、發電機q軸電勢eq 、暫態電勢e ' q 、有功功率pe 、機械功率pm 、汽門開度、機端電壓vt ，在此基礎上建立了實用的電力系統簡化的數學模型，並將擴展的dfl理論應用於此模型系統，結合線性二次型最優控制理論設計出大型汽輪發電機的非線性綜合控制器及機端電壓最優控制器，通過模擬實驗與採用常規的按電壓偏差進行調節的比例式勵磁控制器+汽門比例控制及採用常規的按電壓偏差進行調節的比例式勵磁調節器和基於二次型性能指標設計的最優快控汽門（考慮發電機的飽和因素）進行了對比，證實了採用此種控制器可以有效地提高電力系統的暫態穩定性，並且在電力系統遭受小干擾時同樣具有良好的調節性能。The variable polarity power supply circuit uses two stages full - bridge inverter, the former inverter is regarded as a constant - current source with fast dynamic response, and supplys energy for the second one, and the latter one is to produce variable polarity current excellently, and low - frequency pulse current by variable polarity power supply is used to reduce input energy and control the shape of weld bead while welding. a series of high - frequency pulse current is superposed on direct - current - electrode - negative ( dcen ) current through the high - frequency pulse power supply, which is used to compress the arc and improve process of crystallization
其中變極性電源採用二次全橋逆變結構，一次逆變提供快速的響應速率並給二次逆變提供能量，二次逆變提供良好的變極性性能，使輸出能量最優化，並用其低頻電流特性減小電弧線能量，控制焊縫成形;高頻脈沖電源提供的高頻電流疊加在反極性電流dcen上，利用電流的高頻特性壓縮電弧，改善焊縫金屬結晶過程。The results indicated that the change of capital structure of chinese listed companies is counter - cyclical and financial deepening promotes the capital structure optimization of listed companies in the certain degree. empirical analysis also show there is a negative relationship between stock market scale, actual loan interest rate, profitability, fluidity, income volatility and capital structure. we also can see a positive relationship between fir, the bond market scale, the property structure, growth opportunities, size and the capital structure
結果表明我國上市公司的資本結構變動與宏觀經濟周期之間呈逆向變動;金融深化在一定程度上促進了上市公司資本結構的優化;股票市場規模、實際貸款利率、盈利能力、流動性、收益波動性與資本結構負相關;金融相關比率、資產結構、成長性、公司規模與資本結構正相關。In this part, the high - frequency series inverter with resonant pole capacitor is introduced mainly. the current - exchanging processes of the inverter in different working modes are analyzed, how to reduce the switching loss is discussed, and the calculating methods of snubber capacitor c, factor angle switching frequency and pulse width pw are given in optimum switching process. and results of simulation and experiment verify the validity of theoretic analysis
接著重點研究了含有諧振極無損緩沖電容的逆變器，對其換流過程中的不同工作狀態進行分析，討論了如何減小逆變器的開關損耗，給出了最佳工作狀態下緩沖電容c 、感性角、開關頻率、觸發脈沖的脈寬pw的詳細計算方法，並通過大量的模擬和實驗波形證明了理論分析的正確性。A novel topology of dc - rail zvt voltage source three - phase pwm inverter is advanced. the principle, design considerations, modulation index and efficiency of the proposed inverter are discussed in detail
提出了一種新型直流母線零電壓過渡電壓源三相pwm逆變器，並對該電路的工作過程、參數設計、調制系數以及工作效率等進行了詳細的分析和試驗研究。Due to the strong nonlinearity and uncertainty factors, based on the idea of zeroing normal speeds of los ( line of sight ), a robust terminal guidance law is designed by the method of dynamic inversion
針對方程中的強非線性因素和不確定因素，基於零化導彈目標視線轉率的思想，應用動態逆方法設計了魯捧的末制導律。This can fully consider the effect of the structure of transmission line and the selection of lighting parameter etc. by calculating and analyzing various of factor that affect the lightning tripping probability of 500kv double circuit transmission line, we can draw the conclusions : the result by intersecting method is more accord with the practicality circumstance than by existing standard methods, using unbalance high insulation and reverse sequence of wire can reduce the contemporary outage rate of double circuit line, reducing the footing resistance is one of the most efficiency method to reduce the back stroking rate of double circuit transmission line, the double back stroking rate and the single back stroking rate will fall by three ground wire, when the footing resistance is 10 ohm, the back stroking rate by three ground wire is 83 percent of by two ground wire
在分析輸電線路繞擊耐雷性能時，對線路的雷電屏蔽問題進行了分析，提出對擊距法進行改進，充分考慮了風速的影響因素，編寫了具有工程實用價值的計算線路繞擊耐雷水平的程序，此方法可以充分考慮線路結構和雷電參數等對繞擊率的影響。通過對影響500kv同桿雙回線路雷擊跳閘率的各種因素進行了計算和分析，得到以下結論：採用相交法的計算結果比定義法更符合實際運行情況。採用不平衡高絕緣方式和導線逆相序排列可以大大降低雙回同時跳閘率。Researching on the technology if reverse order is to study strains if pits, structural systems if basement, environmental surwey and underpinnings. on account of emphasizing developing methods if checking strength if pick - ets, modemizing machenes of excavation and studying methods of underpinning is put forward and is a way if controlling the quality of pickets in sites, which leads an active effect ; synthetic application if rankintheory, spatial and time effect theory to excavation tl aanalyze the state of soil force and strain is brought forward and the time effect should be considered in the zone of clay, the formation and development of soil plasticity are analyzed and the most dangerous zone to decide how to excavate and where to begin is found ; analyzing the cause of picket settlement during reverse order and the differential settlement and discussing hlw to solute it. duringh the temporary survey and the environmental warship, bringing rorward the theory of environmental vibration and analyzing the state of soil force and probability of losing stabilization of soil under the effect of environmental vibration ; analyzing the state offeree in underground concrete wall by the method of mathematics and pointing out the place of the maximum force and deformation. based on systematic illustrating the reverse order, problems about application and development of reverse order and suggestions also are expressed
鑒于國內外的研究把重點放在大力發展工程樁的實驗室承載力監測方法與設備、如何使土方開挖機械現代化及對周圍建築的臨測方法上，本文提出了現場利用聲波層析成像技術監測鋼砼樁內部質量的方法與程序，並得出了聲波層析成像技術是砼樁的動態質量檢測的有效手段，這對指導施有積極、現實意義；提出了綜合運用朗肯土壓力理論、基坑空間和時間效應影響理論來分析逆作法施工過程中基坑邊坡土體應力及應變的變化情況，指出粘土地區也應考慮時間效應，並且進一步分析了基坑邊坡土體的塑性區形成和發展，找出邊坡最不利的區域，以確定地下室土體的挖掘的方式和順序，指出憑主觀臆斷與經驗來施工是不可取的；在分析、經較逆作法與大開挖順作法的地下室結構體系受力情況及施工順序的不同，提出了節點處理技術；分析了逆作法施工期間樁的沉降變化原因及由此而產生的差異，並探討了解決的方法；本文還提出了環境振動對土體邊坡穩定產生影響的觀點，並分析了在環境振動影響下，土體的應力狀態及土休失穩破壞概率，並且還運用彈性力學知識和數學分析的方法定量地分析了地下混凝土墻受力狀態，指出了被監測墻體的最大應力、應變位置。This paper bring out design method of inverse eigenvalue problem, which adapts to general structures with linear parameters, namely coefficients of all or partial elastic component and inertial component are treated as design parameters, for given some order natural frequency and corresponding vibrating mode, all of useable designing parameters will be got through solving a linear system of equations, thereby stiffness matrix and mass matrix of actual structure are constructed. this paper also discusses existence condition and unique of results
提出了適用於具有線性參數的一般結構的逆特徵值問題的設計方法，即以系統的全部或部分的彈性元件與慣性元件的系數為設計參數，對于預先給定的若干階固有頻率及相應振型，通過求解一線性方程組即可確定全部實際可行的設計變量，從而構造出實際結構的剛度矩陣和質量矩陣，並論證了解的存在性與唯一性。The dc / dc converter provides pulse voltage, which returns to zero periodically, for the devices in the inverter to realize zvs. but the devices still have some on - loss under two kinds of state commutation. therefore, it is better to use the devices with smaller junction capacitor
通過對逆變橋工作模式的分析，發現在兩種模式轉換的過程中功率管開通時存在一定的損耗，據此認為逆變橋功率管應採用輸出電容小的器件。The design testing piezoelectric material surface acoustic during the experiment process in the paper has several merits : convenience, efficiency, no loss, fastness. and they can be realized. the design applies material piezoelectric response and anti - piezoelectric response to stimulus and receive saw, and apply the method of testing resonator frequency to calculate saw tested speed, simultaneously contrast the actual test result about different material to typical value in the paper
在本論文的研究實驗過程中，給出了一種方便、有效、無損、快捷的檢測壓電材料表面聲速的設計與實現，該設計中運用材料的壓電效應和逆壓電效應激勵和接收saw ，並運用檢測諧振頻率的方法計算測量saw速度，同時給出了對不同材料的實際測試結果以及與資料典型值的對比。Some variables regional distribution over south ningxia is given out in the course of evapotranspiration estimation : the regional distribution of surface characteristic parameters ( normalzed difference vegetation index, surface albedo, surface temperature ), radiation balance components ( surface absorbed shortwave radiation, surface longwave radiation, atmospheric counter radiation, net radiation ), surface heat and balance components ( soil heat flux, sensible heat flux, latent heat flux )
估算區域蒸發（散）量的過程中，得到許多有意義的量：地表特徵參數（植被指數ndvi 、地表反射率、地表溫度） ；地表輻射平衡各量（地表短波吸收輻射、地表長波輻射、大氣逆輻射、地表凈輻射） ；地表熱量平衡各量（土壤熱通量、顯熱通量、潛熱通量） 。Using this system, we have studied matrine - inhibittory effect and trifluoperation - neuroprotection effect in hippocampal slices, also discussed the mechanism of long - term potentiation using anesthetic rats. the experiment results showed that matrine can inhibit the hyperactivity induced by penicillin sodium in dosage by changing the relative parameters of field potential ; trifluoperation can alter ps change with the time, enhance the degree and the ratio of ps recovery, then minis the hypoxic injury ; high frequency stimulate can increase ps amplitude and epsp slope for long time, buildup the in / out function of nerve cells, and enhance synaptic plasticity
結果表明，苦參堿能夠劑量依賴性地抑制青霉素誘導的神經元順向信號傳導激活過程，使細胞外記錄到的場電位各個參數發生相應改變；三氟拉嗪可以改變ps的時相變化，提高ps的恢復程度和恢復率，減小了神經元因缺氧引起的不可逆損傷；高頻刺激（ highfrequencystimulate ， hfs ）可以長時間的增強ps的幅度和epsp的斜率，進而增強神經元的輸入輸出功能，增加了突觸的可塑性。分享友人