通量梯度 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [tōngliángtīdù]
通量梯度
英文
flux gradient-
On the basis of foreign documents, the dissertation firstly describes the morphology, taxonomy, and biological characters of cochineal insects. then, by using artificial climate cases in the lab, according to orthogonal design, 8 lands of combinations of temperature, humidity and light is set, while the temperature has four levels : 15, 20, 25 and 30, and the relative humidity has two levels : 60 % and 80 %, while the light also has two levels : 980 lux and 60 lux. through observations and analysis of hatching percentage, survival percentage of the first instar and during from the second instar to the adult, the population tendency index, generation life cycle, size and eggs of female adult, the development of the cochineal under different conditions is studied
在收集、整理國外對胭脂蟲的研究資料基礎上，首先從胭脂蟲的形態學、分類學、生物學特性入手，進而在實驗室內利用人工氣候箱，應用正交設計方法，設計了4種溫度、 2種濕度、 2種光照梯度的不同組合，通過測定胭脂蟲的孵化率、 1齡若蟲的存活率、 2齡若蟲至成蟲期存活率、種群趨勢指數、世代歷期、雌成蟲的大小、懷卵量等生物學指標，深入研究胭脂蟲在這些組合下的生長發育狀況，應用數理統計方法，分析出溫度、濕度和光照對各項生物學指標的影響，找出胭脂蟲適宜的室內培育條件，並為野外胭脂蟲的培育提供一定的理論依據。In the first trial, combination of enzymatic digestion was used to prepare suspensions of spermatogenic cells from adult mouse testis, and then a modified discontinuous percoll gradient centrifugation method ( 15 %, 22 %, 30 %, 40 %, 50 %, 60 % ) was introduced to isolate spermatids from the cellular suspensions. the content of spermatids in each isolated fraction by percoll method was determined by morphology ( wright - giemsa stain ) and flow cytometry analysis, and the viability of spermatogenic cells was assessed by using eosin y exclusion test
在第一部分試驗中，首先利用連續3次組合酶消化成年小鼠睪丸制備睪丸細胞懸液，然後經6層非連續percoll梯度離心法（ 15 、 22 、 30 、 40 、 50和60 ）分離，通過形態學和流式細胞術鑒定南京醫科大學碩士學位論文各個percoll組分中精子細胞的含量，並以伊紅y排斥試驗測定細胞的存活率。Based on analysis of geologic foundation record about pingzhuang basin, a lot of sino - foreign geothermal geology record and investigation of field geology, measuring of ground temperature in person and geo - chemical analysis of ascension spring, gushing water of fault, the fact that the anomaly of geothermal gradient of pingzhuang basin, which is in region of low geothermal gradient, is caused by redistribution of conduction - oriented geothermal heat flow which is result from upheaval and depression of basin foundation bed is pointed out. after the field of ground temperature is simulated under the background of conduction - oriented geothermal heat flow by means of ansys, the characteristic of ground temperature distribution of top surface of basin foundation bed ( yixian team ) is revealed. the sound condition of transmissibility fault and feeding water source, which are imperative in formation of the low - medium temperature geothermal system of convective type, is possessed in pingzhuang basin
通過對平莊盆地基礎地質資料、國內外大量地熱地質資料的分析和野外地質調查、礦井實測地溫以及上升泉、斷層涌水的地球化學分析等工作基礎上，指出地處低地溫梯度背景區的平莊盆地地溫梯度異常是由於盆地基底隆起和坳陷引起傳導型大地熱流再分配所致；運用州sys數值模擬了大地熱流向地表傳導背景下的盆地地溫場，從而揭示了盆地基底（義縣組）頂界面地溫分佈特徵；闡明了盆地具有形成中低溫對流型地熱系統所必需的導水斷裂、補給水源等的良好條件，中低溫對流型地熱系統是地熱勘查的主要對象；圈定了平莊盆地北部朝陽溝?駱駝營子地熱勘查遠景區。Even if the pressure gradient is partly balanced by the fluid acceleration, its order of magnitude is usually no larger than the hydrostatic gradient.
即使壓強梯度部分地被流體加速度平衡，其數量級通常也不大於靜壓梯度。This paper presents our research in actuating in - vivo micro - robot based on the capsule endoscope platform by the external power. while seeking secure driving method we take several factors into account, such as driving environment, power transmitting and consuming, motion requirement and controllability, and locating technique. we mainly deal with driving the capsule with spatial gradient magnetic field, so we employ combined electro - magnetic coils, including gradient coils and homogenous coils, which have rotational dof around a translatable patient bed, to compose a controllable uniform gradient which act on the permanent - magnet embedded robot, thereby get an appropriate spatial force and torque to fulfill the anticipant locomotion such as move, stop, pitch and yaw
基於驅動環境、能量供給和消耗、驅動動作要求及驅動安全性與可控性，定位方案等多方面考慮，尋求安全可靠的腸胃檢查微機器人的外部驅動控制方法，並著重研究直接利用外磁場磁力驅動微機器人:在微機器人內部嵌入永磁性體，利用體外的組合電磁線圈產生加載電流控制的驅動磁場，其中外部的電磁線圈由多組梯度線圈和勻場線圈組合構成，通過繞病床的旋轉以及病床的平移共同控制微機器人所在位置的磁場強度及梯度，作用於微機器人內嵌磁體以獲得空間意義上的必要驅動力和調整轉矩，從而有效地完成驅動動作要求。By performing fourier transformation, the relationship between the turbulent intensity of the particle and that of the carrier fluid was obtained which makes clear that particle size, specific gravity, velocity gradient, and the characteristic frequency of energy - containing eddies are four basic influencing parameters. it is proven theoretically that under certain conditions, the stream - wise and transverse particle turbulent intensities exceed those of the carrier fluid. based on the equations of two - phase flow, the presence of fine sediment suspension is shown to attenuate the turbulent intensity of the water
通過對細小顆粒在剪切流場中運動方程的fourier分析，得到了顆粒脈動強度和流體脈動強度之間的定量關系，表明顆粒粒徑、顆粒密度、流速梯度以及紊動場含能旋渦的特徵頻率是影響顆粒脈動強度的主要因素，首次從理論上證明了在一定條件下，顆粒在縱、垂向的脈動強度均會超過相應的流體脈動強度，為已有的實測資料提供了合理的解釋。Compared with the classical bp algorithm, robust adaptive bp algorithm possesses some advantages as following : ( 1 ) increasing the accuracy of the network training by means of using both the relative and absolute residual to adjust the weight values ; ( 2 ) improve the robustness and the network convergence rate through combining with the robust statistic technique by way of judging the values of the samples " relative residual to establish the energy function so that can suppress the effect on network training because of the samples with high noise disturbances ; ( 3 ) prevent entrapping into the local minima area and obtain the global optimal result owing to setting the learning rate to be the function of the errors and the error gradients when network is trained. the learning rate of the weights update change with the error values of the network adaptively so that can easily get rid of the disadvantage of the classical bp algorithm that is liable to entrap into the local minima areas
與基本bp演算法相比，本文提出的魯棒自適應bp演算法具有以下優點： （ 1 ）與魯棒統計技術相結合，通過訓練樣本相對偏差的大小，確定不同訓練樣本對能量函數的貢獻，來抑制含高噪聲干擾樣本對網路訓練的不良影響，從而增強訓練的魯棒性，提高網路訓練的收斂速度； （ 2 ）採用相對偏差和絕對偏差兩種偏差形式對權值進行調整，提高了網路的訓練精度； （ 3 ）在採用梯度下降演算法對權值進行調整的基礎上，通過將學習速率設為訓練誤差及誤差梯度的特殊函數，使學習速率依賴于網路訓練時誤差瞬時的變化而自適應的改變，從而可以克服基本bp演算法容易陷入局部極小區域的弊端，使訓練過程能夠很快的「跳出」局部極小區域而達到全局最優。But can keep even gradient magnetic field range strong, hall ' s component can only measurement displacement among a small circle ( usually only about 1mm )
然而，能保持均勻梯度磁場的范圍不大，霍爾元件只能小范圍（通常僅約1mm ）的測量位移。Then, a new regularized conjugate - gradient reconstruction algorithm was proposed for optical tomograpy, in which the ill - posedness of the reconstruction problem and as a result the quality of the reconstructed image are improved by introducing two regularization terms of image entropy and the local smoothing function
其次，提出了一種正則化共軛梯度ot圖像重建演算法，通過引入圖像熵和局部平滑函數作為正則化項有效改善了重建問題中的病態特性，提高重建圖像的質量。最後，提出一種多解析度的ot圖像重建演算法。Surrounding these special problems met in gas hydrates exploration and through study of high - precision magnetic survey, the sea test by r / v haiyang 1y that is owned by guangzhou marine geological survey in dongsha area of the south china sea, systematical analysis of the test result and combination interpretation of magnetic survey with seismic profile, the authors successfully employ the method to recognize the truth or false of the diapir in seismic profile by integrating total field of high - precision marine magnetic measurement with its gradient change
本文就目前天然氣水合物調查中存在的這些特殊技術問題，通過對海上高精度磁力測量技術方法研究、廣州海洋地質調查局「海洋四號」船在南海北部東沙海域的海上試驗、對試驗結果的系統研究分析以及磁測和地震剖面兩種手段的綜合解釋，成功地嘗試了用高精度海洋磁測成果中的磁力總場和梯度變化特徵來識別水合物勘探中高解析度地震剖面上的泥底辟構造真偽的技術方法。With different modeling methods and quantization techniques, the speech compression schemes discussed in this thesis include : the compression based on general matching pursuit sinusoidal modeling, the compression based on sinusoidal modeling with perceptual gradient, the compression based on dynamic dictionary matching pursuit, the compression scheme using classified dynamic dictionaries, and the integrated compression scheme that combines the sinusoidal modeling with perceptual gradient and the classified dynamic dictionaries
針對各種不同建模方法和參數量化技術，本文探討了基於普通匹配跟蹤正弦建模的壓縮編碼、感知梯度正弦建模壓縮編碼、基於動態字典匹配跟蹤的壓縮編碼、分類動態字典壓縮編碼，以及結合感知梯度正弦建模和分類動態字典的綜合編碼方案。The distributed plc system of the floodgate ' s opening measuring presented by the paper has many advantages such as high reliable operation, high measuring precision, having the network communication function, convenient installation and correction, etc. this thesis further studies the key device for the floodgate ' s opening measuring, the rotary encoder, selects the absolute rotary encoder adopting the binary cyclic code, studies the method for transforming the cyclic code to the binary data and according to the transforming formula designs the ladder diagram program
本論文研製的分散式plc閘門開度測量系統具有工作可靠、測量精度高、具有聯網通信功能、安裝和校正方便等特點。本論文深入研究了閘門開度檢測的關鍵器件? ?旋轉編碼器，選用了採用二進制循環碼編碼的絕對式旋轉編碼器，研究了將二進制循環碼轉換為二進制數的方法，根據轉換公式設計了plc的梯形圖轉換程序。Optimal periodic control with the lowest operational cost by limiting total substrate discharge mass was studied. through adding new state variable and using supplement functions, the problem with restriction conditions was converted into nonrestriction problem. in addition, the dynamic searching method of optimal step coefficient was developed to modify the conventional gradient method, consequently the calculation problem of the multivariable optimal periodic control was able to be resolved better. it was found that the operational costs of optimal control under various initial states are distinctly different. a new concept of optimal control under optimal initial state was presented. it is pointed out emphatically that to the treatment system without optimal control condition, the suboptimal control with extensive practical value can be realized according to the results of optima control
著重研究了在限制有機物排放總量時，使其運行費用最低的最優周期控制問題.通過增加新的狀態變量和用補償函數法，將本課題的有約束條件問題化為無約束條件問題，並提出了最優步長參數的動態搜索法來修改傳統的梯度法，從而較完善地解決了多變量最優周期控制的計算問題.研究中還發現了不同初始條件下最優控制所需要的運行費用也大不相同，進而提出了最優初始狀態下最優周期控制的新概念，這對保證出水質量的同時進一步降低污水處理成本來說具有更重要的意義.本文還強調指出：對于尚不具備實現最優控制條件的處理系統，可根據最優控制的研究結果實現具有廣泛實用價值的準最優控制Expanded mixed finite element approximations of the parabolic problems are considered. error estimates for the scalar unknwon, its gradient and its flux in l2 - norm are obtained for this new mixed formulation
通過數值分析進一步說明擴展混合元方法是穩定的，並得到了未知函數、未知函數的梯度和流體流量的l ~ 2 -誤差估計。Without grids, the interaction effect among neighboring particles can be simulated by means of the kernel function, based on which the governing equation is discretized by establishing the smoothing model, the gradient model and the second - derivative model ( i. e. the laplacian model )
在無網格條件下，粒子間的相互作用通過核子函數來表示，並通過建立物理量光滑模型、梯度模型和二階導數模型來離散控制方程。Thirdly, the conclusions of the two aspect applications are given as follows : the exploration of the application of the evaporation duct prediction to the flux relationship research and evaporation duct predicting shows that based on this predicting method and with microwave refractometer, as sensor, ( 1 ) the dimensionless gradient function of temperature, humidity and refractivity in the flux relationships can be determined with higher precision, ( 2 ) the limitations of conventional observations on the predicting accuracy for evaporation duct can be avoided and the precise prediction for evaporation duct can be obtained with the accurate measurement of refractivity profile within a few meters. the radar performance under given evaporation
三、對兩個應用問題的討論表明：基於本文發展的蒸發波導預測理論，使用微波折射率儀為傳感器： （ 1 ）開展通量關系研究時，可以用於邊界層溫度、濕度和折射率無量綱梯度函數的精確測定和得到蒸發波導環境預測所需的偽折射率參數化函數關系； （ 2 ）預測蒸蒸發波導環境特性和傳播特性及其應用研究發波導環境時可以避免使用傳統氣海界面要素測量中存在的局限，並用折射率音d面不太高的精確測量結果精確預測蒸發波導環境。The transition zone quite often shows a decrease in temperature gradient due to the ability of water to absorb up to a 1 / 3 more heat than rock
由於水具有比巖石能多吸收三分之一熱量的能力，因此，這類有變化的地層通常都顯示出地溫梯度下降的趨勢。And, we also have had the relation between the size of the horizontal circulation regions and the fr number around the dike for the flow - deflection method. the results of this study show that, using the method of flow - deflection or " sucking - spouting " water, the flow pattern can be improved, the size of the horizontal circulation regions and the sedimentation volume caused by the horizontal circulation can both be reduced. so, they can be adopted to improve the navigation condition of upper approaching channel of three gorges project, which could guarantee the safety of navigation
通過試驗，得到了以下創新的成果： 1 、不加吸、噴水時，丁壩后的迴流長度約為丁壩長度的8倍； 2 、加吸、噴水可以減小丁壩后的迴流尺度和強度，並得出了有理論根據的吸、噴流量與迴流尺度減小之間的定量關系以及吸、噴流量與丁壩周圍流速梯度之間的定量關系； 3 、加吸、噴水可以減小迴流淤積，並得出了吸、噴流量與淤積量減小之間的定量關系以及迴流尺度減小與淤積量減小之間的定量關系； 4 、加導流板可以減小丁壩后的迴流尺度，並得出了丁壩周圍的水流fr數與迴流尺度減小之間的定量關系。Seepage influences on the temperature distribution by means of heat transfer and communication, temperature influences on seepage field by changing the hydraulic conductivity and inducing fluid flow because of the temperature potential, thus finally approaching the stable seepage and temperature fields
滲流通過參與熱量傳遞與交換影響溫度分佈，溫度通過改變介質滲透系數和溫度勢梯度引起水流運動來影響滲流場，兩者相互作用最終達到穩定的滲流場和溫度場。In this paper, the multifactors - electrical, thermal, cool and thermal circulation of accelerating ageing experiment based on the stator bar of 220mw turbine generator has been conducted in the laboratory. the results of the experiment show that there has not fixed rule between maximum pd quantity and insulation, but the increasing of maximum pd grads increase along with ageing time of insulation
本論文通過對220mw的汽輪發電機真機線棒進行電、熱、冷熱循環等多因子老化試驗，發現局部放電的最大放電量與絕緣老化時間之間沒有固定的規律可尋，而最大放電量的梯度隨絕緣老化時間的增大而增大。分享友人