過低估計 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [guòdīgūjì]
過低估計
英文
underestimation; underestimate -
It is wrong to overestimate the strategic insight of one's adversary as it is dangerous to underrate it.
過高估計對手的戰略遠見是錯誤的，估計過低也是危險的。The schnute model work well in full explored stocks such as scenario 1, 3, 4 and 5, especially in low biomass stocks such as scenario 3, but not suitable to the under explored stocks such as scenario 2. the w - h model generally performed well in all kind of scenarios especially in scenario 1, 4, and 5. in the swordfish, xiphias gladius, fishery, estimation of w - h model and d - fox model produced msy about 14000 ton, very near the result of prager in 1996
四種剩餘產量模型在充分捕撈且管理良好的漁業1中評估效果較好而在捕撈不足的漁業2中效果較差； schnute模型在充分捕撈的漁業如漁業1 、 3 、 4 、 5 、尤其是在低生物量的漁業3中評估效果較好，但不適合評估未充分捕撈的漁業，如漁業2 ； walters - hilborn模型（ w - h模型）適用於各種漁業，尤其是漁業1 、 4 、 5 ；在過度捕撈漁業中如漁業3 、 4 ，模型對參數q的估計較其它參數接近真值；在北大西洋箭魚（ xiphiasgladius ）漁業的評估中， w - h模型和d - fox模型對msy的估計約為14000噸，接近於prager （ 1996 ）的結果。They underestimated his abilities.
他們過低估計了他的才能。By choosing non - hybrid dictionary, blocking artifacts of dct system can be avoided ultimately. the cost of coding motion information is reduced, so the visual quality of images at low bit - rates is improved. 4
而且，通過選擇非晶格結構的字典（原子函數之間允許重疊） ，從根本上避免了低速率dct系統帶來的方塊邊緣失真，增加估計的精度，減少對運動信息編碼耗費並提高在低速率下的視覺效果。The main characteristics and advantages are : on one hand, we adopted the low - complexity bussgang algorithm, and did blind estimation to ofdm sub - channel according to the mean square error criterion ( mse ) and peak distortion criterion ; on the other hand, we used the differential detection, which accelerates the convergence speed and avoid the error transmission problem resulted from the bussgang algorithm
這兩種演算法一方面採用了低復雜度的bussgang自適應演算法，分別依據均方誤差準則和峰值失真準則對ofdm系統子通道進行盲估計；另一方面通過引入差分檢測技術，加快了演算法收斂速度，克服了bussgang演算法帶來的誤差傳播問題。Based on the experimental data of rotor steel 1crmov in the loading of low - cycle fatigue at high temperature, the strength behavior and the fatigue life curve of this material at 550 have been achieved. meanwhile, with respect to three kinds of notched bar, their material damage assessment method under multiaxial stress condition is discussed
本文在1crmov材料的高溫低周疲勞實驗數據進行了整理和統計的基礎上，得到了材料的疲勞強度特性曲線和疲勞壽命曲線，同時對三種不同缺口形式的圓柱形試件進行了多軸應力狀態下的材料損傷的研究，並通過數值計算方法進行了疲勞壽命評估。It is shown that neglecting the gate - drain capacitance of the mosfet would lead to an overestimation of the optimum device width in the cmos source degenerated lna
本文證明了在cmos源端degeneration結構的低噪聲放大器中，忽略場效應管的柵漏電容將造成對放大管的最優柵寬估計過大。Due to its flexibility, the lrt system can be designed to match both the physical environment and transport demands as well as to provide an alternative choice with quality service. all these factors have contributed to the phasing - out of the old streetcar systems. beginning in the mid - 1970s, light rail transit systems have enjoyed a period of sustained growth, not only providing public transportation but also contributing to the renewal of declining city districts, reutilizing unused rail lines, and providing impetus to local economic development
使得有軌電車自1970年代中期，以輕軌運輸的新風貌漸漸復興，不僅擔負公共運輸功能，更常結合老市區都市更新、舊鐵道再利用、促進經濟再發展的聯合開發計畫，吸引民間投資參與建設，透過由街道面進出的低月臺車站、無欄柵式收費制度、造型流線超低底盤車輛、軌道沿線綠化設施等設計，在都市環境改善與都市永續經營上，充分發揮凈化、綠化、人性化、地標化等效益，發展至今估計全世界輕軌運輸系統路網數目已達約400個左右。To directly estimate the life of this kind of motor, and to design a orbit curve with the longest life at same condition, this paper gives theoretic research of the equal contact stress inner curve of radial piston motor. the research is divided into four parts : 1 ) taken all forces the piston endured into consideration when radial piston motor working, the force between roller ( or ball ) and orbit is deduced. the simple style of the press expression can be confirmed by ignoring minor influence factors after analysis all factors that will influence this press
靜壓傳動技術在各類工程機械中得到廣泛的應用，對作為其核心部件的徑向柱塞式低速大扭矩液壓馬達的研究顯得十分重要，為了能直接對這種馬達進行壽命估計，並能在相同工況下求得壽命最長的軌道曲線，本文從設計等接觸應力內曲線的角度對這類馬達作探討性的研究，主要從以下四個方面進行： （ 1 ）綜合考慮徑向柱塞式液壓馬達工作時的各種主要受力狀況，對柱塞組件進行受力分析，並通過模擬分析影響軌道和滾動體間正壓力的各個因素，得到正壓力的簡化表達式。Secretary rumsfeld said he expects the army to do its best to provide the badly needed armor to protect against the insurgency, the strength of which he admits was underestimated
拉姆斯菲爾德說，他預計美國陸軍會盡最大可能向部隊提供急需的裝甲防護，為頻繁遭到反叛分子襲擊的軍人提供保護。他承認過低估計了反叛分子的實力。Automakers say they don ' t test premium engines on regular to check the difference, but some auto engineers estimate that power declines roughly 5 %
汽車廠家說他們不拿用高標號汽油的引擎來測試用普通油時的差別，不過一些汽車工程師估計動力降低大約5 % 。The conventional variable structure control technique for uncertain system requires that the uncertainty bound is known as a premise to assure robustness. the requirement creates an over - conservative controller and enlarges chattering. the proposed controller regards the influence of unknown disturbances and parameter uncertainties as an equivalent disturbance and generates an on - line estimation used in smc to cancel the slowly varying uncertainties by the mechanism of time delay. the reaching law approach is used to get the conditions and band of quasi - sliding mode. the new methodology offers a robust feedback control with much lower gains and reduces chattering without a prior knowledge of the uncertainty bounds or matched conditions
常規變結構控制用於不確定系統，須利用不確定性界確保系統的魯棒性，控制器過于保守且抖振變大.本文把未知干擾和參數不確定性的影響等效為名義系統的外界干擾，利用時延技術對干擾進行在線估計，並將估計值引入到變結構控制中，從而抵消掉系統中的慢變不確定性，利用離散趨近律法，推出了準滑動模態的存在條件及其帶寬.該方法克服了以往控制方法中須已知不確定性界的限制，且不必滿足匹配條件，用較低的控制增益保證了系統的魯棒性，降低了準滑動模態帶即削弱了抖振Abstract : the conventional variable structure control technique for uncertain system requires that the uncertainty bound is known as a premise to assure robustness. the requirement creates an over - conservative controller and enlarges chattering. the proposed controller regards the influence of unknown disturbances and parameter uncertainties as an equivalent disturbance and generates an on - line estimation used in smc to cancel the slowly varying uncertainties by the mechanism of time delay. the reaching law approach is used to get the conditions and band of quasi - sliding mode. the new methodology offers a robust feedback control with much lower gains and reduces chattering without a prior knowledge of the uncertainty bounds or matched conditions
文摘:常規變結構控制用於不確定系統，須利用不確定性界確保系統的魯棒性，控制器過于保守且抖振變大.本文把未知干擾和參數不確定性的影響等效為名義系統的外界干擾，利用時延技術對干擾進行在線估計，並將估計值引入到變結構控制中，從而抵消掉系統中的慢變不確定性，利用離散趨近律法，推出了準滑動模態的存在條件及其帶寬.該方法克服了以往控制方法中須已知不確定性界的限制，且不必滿足匹配條件，用較低的控制增益保證了系統的魯棒性，降低了準滑動模態帶即削弱了抖振The study of ds signals in this article broke through the conventional detection and estimation methods and modeled the ds signals as a cyclostationary random process. in this case, it can be analyzed by the theory of spectral correlation, and then we can finish the parameter estimation of ds signals by its characteristic in the field of spectral correlation
本文對低信噪比下的ds信號的研究突破常規信號檢測和估計理論，將ds信號建模為周期平穩隨機過程，應用譜相關理論來分析它的譜相關域特性，尋求ds信號的參數在譜相關域的特徵表現，從中提取相應的ds信號參數信息。Fortunately, we can solve this problem by using ap ( alternating projection ) algorithm, by this way ; the computational load can reduce dramatically. doa estimation is mostly research base on linear array, because of the limitation of linear, it can estimate the azimuth only ; solid array can estimate the azimuth and elevation, in this paper, the solid array is used for doa estimation ; when the signal sources are uncorrelated, the music algorithm is chosen, using mdl / aic algorithm, we attain the signal number of sources
本文採用立體六元陣進行測向，在非相干信號源條件下，採用music演算法進行doa估計，採用基於信息論原理mdl準則或者aic準則判斷信號源數目，通過對陣列流形的研究，指出基於圓陣的陣列流形具有的某種對稱性，利用該對稱性來降低運算量，並且通過對演算法的研究，提出用維數較小的信號子空間或噪聲子空間來計算空間譜，進一步減小music演算法運算量。The second part brings forward a new ar - model - based arm detection method based on features of arm and characteristics of velocity and acceleration of the radar echoes. by establishing two - order ar models, this new detection method computes the poles of models representing different targets, thus estimates the acceleration of the targets so as to determine the nature of the targets. furthermore, this method can not only be applied when the arm is being tracked by radar, but also be put into use in radar ’ s seeking and scanning times
第二部分則是根據反輻射導彈（ arm ）的特點及其雷達回波信號中速度、加速度等特徵，提出了一種新的基於ar模型的arm檢測演算法，該方法通過建立二階ar模型、估計代表不同目標的模型極點，並由此估算目標加速度來判斷目標性質，該方法不僅可以在雷達已跟蹤上arm后採用，而且適用於雷達搜索掃描時使用，模擬結果表明該方法具有解析度高，對雷達脈沖重復頻率（ pulserepetitionfrequency ， prf ）及積累脈沖數要求不高的特點，在低的prf及少的積累脈沖下，利用該方法仍可有效地識別檢測arm 。Simulations show that the average error of the proposed method is reduced 72 % of the traditional method
對飛機目標角運動參數估計過程的模擬結果表明，與傳統高分辨測角方法相對比，所提方法的平均誤差降低了72 % 。By reducing the calculational complexity of the rate - distortion slope estimate and simplifying the design of optimized truncation and tag tree encode in code stream organization, the difficulty and the resource of hardware implementation for t2 encoder is reduced, and the parallelizability of the jpeg2000 hardware system is enhanced
通過降低率失真斜率估計的計算復雜度、簡化優化截取方法和碼流組織中tagtree編碼方法，降低了t _ 2編碼器硬體實現的難度，減少了硬體資源，提高了jpeg2000硬體系統處理的并行度。After analyzing the performance of the coherent tree - structured optimal joint detection ( tsojd ) for qpsk signals and deriving a non - coherent multi - user weight / phase estimator, the dissertation proposes a low complexity non - coherent multi - user weight / phase optimal joint detection algorithm. besides, the dissertation proposes a partial coherent multi - user / iv weight / phase optimal joint detection algorithm and some useful conclusions are obtained in comparison experiments. 4. in the research on the diversity techniques for fast fading multi - path channels, the dissertation proposes a time - scale rake receiver, and analyzes its performance with the conception of auto - wavelet - transform ( awt ) and time - - scale resolution
提出了過飽和低復雜度qpsk信號的樹型最佳聯合檢測演算法，並分析了相應最佳接收機的性能及相位偏差對性能的影響等問題；考慮了載波相位和多用戶信碼的聯合檢測問題，通過理論推導給出了過飽和多址系統中多用戶信碼/相位聯合估計子，提出了低復雜度非相干多用戶信碼/相位最佳聯合檢測演算法，並分析了此非相干最佳接收機的誤碼性能及相位提取誤差等有關問題；提出了部分相干多用戶信碼/相位最佳聯合檢測演算法，通過計算機模擬分析了該接收機的誤碼性能及相位提取誤差等有關問題，並與相干、非相干解調兩種情況作了比較，得出了一些有益的結論。China remains under pressure from us politicians, who accuse beijing of using an undervalued currency to support a ballooning trade surplus expected to reach rmb100bn ( $ 12bn ) this year
不過，中國仍面臨美國政界人士的壓力，他們指責中國政府通過低估人民幣，為膨脹的貿易順差提供支持，預計今年中國的貿易順差將達到1千億元人民幣。分享友人