選取下一行 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xuǎnqǔxiàyīháng]
選取下一行 英文
select line down
  • 選 : Ⅰ動詞1. （挑選） select; choose; pick 2. （選舉） elect Ⅱ名詞（挑選出來編在一起的作品） selections; anthology
  • 取 : Ⅰ動詞1 （拿到身邊） take; get; fetch 2 （得到; 招致） aim at; seek 3 （採取; 選取） adopt; assume...
  • 下 : 下動詞1. （用在動詞后,表示由高處到低處） 2. （用在動詞后, 表示有空間, 能容納） 3. （用在動詞后, 表示動作的完成或結果）
  • 行 : 行Ⅰ名詞1 （行列） line; row 2 （排行） seniority among brothers and sisters:你行幾? 我行三。where...
  1. This thesis tries to solve the problems in the design and construction of jinping cascade 2 hydropower station. a typical section is selected to analysis seepage, seepage control and fem numerical simulation. the influence of different plans of excavation and support on seepage field of subsurface water and stability of adjoining rock are studied. the homologous support pattern is suggested according to the research results

    本文就錦屏二級水電站（一期）深埋長隧洞的設計和施工中面臨的一些問題，選取隧洞的一個典型斷面進行滲流、滲控分析和開挖及支護的有限元數值模擬，從而就深埋隧洞不同的開挖及支護方式對地下水滲流場及圍巖穩定性的影響和所應採取的支護措施等方面進行了探索、研究。
  2. Second, the starting and stopping behaviors under disturbed condition are analyzed and calculated by using the dynamic concentrative parameter model, which gives some advice to better prescribe refrigeration system and set theoretic foundation for carrying out automatic control of refrigeration system. third, the normal running process is analyzed and calculated by means of rational matching theory, which gives some advice on how to better understand the parameter change under steady state and the affection of inlet - parameter on evaporator. fourth, the simulation software with dynamic characteristic is designed, which can be applied to calculate thernio - parameter of cryogen, air humidity and frost thickness under different initial and boundary conditions, and to carry out dynamic simulation under conditions of dryness, wetness and frostiness, at the same time, to achieve detection and simulation at any stage from starting to stopping

    本文的主要內容如下： 1 ）對翅片管蒸發器結構特點進行分析，選取適當的微元控制體，就干、濕和霜工況下對每個微元分別進行傳熱傳質分析，基於經驗關系式確定霜的有關參數，對于霜工況下的霜生長建立模型，經適當假設，運用質量守恆、能量守恆和動量守恆方程建立適合動態模擬的蒸發器數學模型，為系統模擬奠定基礎； 2 ）對蒸發在大擾動下的開、停機過程，運用動態集中參數模型進行分析和計算，為更好地描述製冷系統運行的全過程奠定基礎，同時也為製冷系統實現自動控制提供一定的理論基礎； 3 ）對蒸發器正常運行過程，運用動態分佈參數和參數間定量耦合的觀點來分析和計算，為更好地了解穩態工況下各點參數的變化情況及各入口參數對蒸發器動態特性的影響即蒸發器性能對各參數變化的敏感性； 4 ）編寫翅片管蒸發器動態特性模擬計算程序，可以計算不同邊界條件和初始條件下的製冷劑熱力參數、空氣溫濕度和霜厚度分佈場，實現對翅片管蒸發器在干、濕和霜工況下的動態模擬。
  3. Niger with phytase activity about 2250 u / ml which selected by protoplast - uv mutation was used as original, prepared it into fungu - suspend - liquid, through uv mutation, daub on the filter - substract. pre - primary - selection was according to the lucency - circle, primary - selection was one fungus inoculate one flask to ferment, secondary - selection was using several high phytase activity fungus through one fungus inoculate 2 - 3 flasks to ferment. then one or two high phytase activity fungus of the secondary selection were used in the next mutation cycle

    首先用粗略制備的原生質體經紫外誘變篩選到一株酶活為2250u ml的實驗出發菌；制備成菌懸液，紫外燈下照射誘變，紅光下塗抹篩選平板，恆溫培養2 3d ；按透明圈大小進行預初篩，挑選徑圈比大的菌落接斜面，恆溫培養3d ；按一株一瓶的方式進行初篩；從中選取酶活較大的3 5株，按一株2 3瓶的方式進行復篩；挑取酶活大且穩定的1 2株進入下一代誘變篩選。
  4. The wells of elisa plate were coated with pab ( 100ng / l ) against h3n2, then phage was added to the wells. after incubation, the wells were washed vigorously with tbst to remove nonbinding phage. phage bound to the antibody were eluted with 0. 2mol / l glycine - hcl ( ph2. 2 ) for 10 min at room temperature and neutrialized with 2mol / l tris - hcl ( ph9. 1 )

    以抗h3n2流感病毒的多克隆抗體（ 100ng l ）包被酶標板，加入制備好的肽庫，用tbst洗去非特異結合的噬菌體，加0 . 2mol l甘氨酸-鹽酸（ ph2 . 2 ） ，室溫放置10min以洗脫特異結合的噬菌體， 2mol ltris - hcl （ ph9 . 1 ）中和后，取2 l噬菌體接種大腸桿菌xl1 - blue菌進行空斑滴定，其餘噬菌體擴增後用于下一輪篩選，共重復3輪淘洗。
  5. Rotation - cavitation mechanism was outlined based on the experiment results and the essential conditions for the occurrence of auxetic properties in polyolefin blends were concluded as followed : firstly there must be at least two phases, the matrix can be soft materials which were able to be networks when being stretched, as well as suitable consistence must be provided between two phases. fracture stress work measurement was optioned to characterize the force between two phases. finally, the auxtic property repeatability of the blends was measured and the fact that the auxetic property could only occur in the elastic range was certificated by the result that only the specimens which were stretched for 5s, 10s had repeatability after being retained for 1 months

    實驗工作的最後一部分研究了體系負泊松比效應的可重復性，選取穩定的負泊松比共混體系在測試數據採集時間為55 、 105 、 155 、 205條件下進行測試，將樣條放置l天、 10天、 30天進行測試，測試結果表明，在5s 、 105條件下測試的試樣在放置一個月後泊松比測試結果具有可重復性，證實了體系的負泊松比現象發生在材料的彈性形變范圍內。
  6. In this article, firstly the background of the textile trade conflicts within sino - us or sino - euro are introduced, thus learn that how to discern and dodge the foreign trade risks, how to choose the appropriate investment projects have already become one of the most important questions for exporting companies on foreign trade affairs well - known as high investment and high risk. so the main text makes a risk analysis qualitatively and quantitatively on a textile - exporting trading company from three angles of statistic 、 game theory and portfolio theory, which is the main content that we studied. firstly, the statistic article adopts data of the transaction closing price of the textile clothing index in shenzhen stock exchange at the end of each quarter as well as several other kinds of data reflecting the macro - economic changes, performs an empirical analysis of these data according to the theory of co - integration test 、 granger cause test and impulse response function of time series in economitric, and learn that the impact to ti is more obvious by the economic index reflecting local commodity price level and economic prosperity degree home and abroad, as well as the impact degree and the time lag degree, and knows the macro - economic risks faced by textile business enterprises ; after that by the game theory angle we analyze exactly the managing risks faced by one textile export corporation named beauty. from the game expansion chart the system arrangement between censor ways by exportation goal countries and exporting strategies by the exporting enterprises has been analyzed. involving the benefit assignment between them both the limited rounds and infinite rounds negotiations of cooperation games have been studied, and then country responsibility and the enterprise managing risks on foreign trade affairs and so on have been analyzed exactly ; in order to realize the investment multiplication in the certain degree to disperse the risk, the

    本文首先介紹了中美、中歐紡織品貿易爭端的來龍去脈，由此可知在涉外貿易這種以高投入、高風險著稱的行業里，如何甄別和規避外貿風險、如何選擇合適的投資項目已經成為外貿企業的首要問題。因此，正文分別從統計學、博弈論和投資組合三種角度對涉外紡織品貿易公司風險進行了定性和定量的分析，這也是本文的主要研究內容。首先，統計學篇選取了深圳證券交易所行業分類指數?紡織服裝指數（ ti ）每一季度末的交易收盤價和若干種反映宏觀經濟變化的指標，利用計量經濟學中時間序列的協整檢驗、 granger因果檢驗和脈沖反應函數等理論做實證分析，從而得知反映國內物價水平和國內外經濟景氣程度的經濟指標對紡織板塊上市值的沖擊比較明顯，且可知沖擊程度和時滯度，進而分析出涉外紡織企業所面臨的宏觀經濟風險;接著，從博弈論的角度具體分析一家紡織品出口公司（ beauty ）的外貿活動所面臨的各種經營風險，該篇從博弈擴展圖入手，分析了出口目的國審查方式與本企業出口策略之間的制度安排;並圍繞雙方的利益分配，研究了有限回合和無限回合合作談判博弈，然後具體論述了國家責任和企業涉外經營風險等問題;在一定程度上為了實現投資多元化來分散風險的目的，投資組合篇從經典的markowitz模型著手，在一些特定條件的限制下，給出了一個相應的投資組合模型。
  7. Accounting for contingencies is one important part of uncertainty accounting ， contingencies widespread exist in enterprises ， as a special economic event ， with developments of economic ， financial relations is complex ， the contents of contingencies unceasing extend ， contingencies plays a more and more important role in financial accounting information and operation policy because theoretical and practical research of contingencies is late ， special data is little ， few pay a ~ ention to treatment of contingencies new accounting law points out that enterprises must explain contingencies arising from guarantees provided for the debit of other enterprises and pending litigation this is the first time that the law requests accounting treatment of contingencies accounting standard for business enterprises ： contingencies prescribes the recognition and measurement of contingencies and the disclosure of relevant information ， the standard is the first standard of contingencies ， improves the accounting treatment for contingencies and the disclosure of relevant information the standard will help us improve the quality of information disclosure the article is divided into five parts to discuss the first part is a general introduction of contingencies ， including the history, the classification ， the framework and so on ， all of which would help readers understand the basic concepts in the article the second part introduces recognition of contingencies ， including recognition condition and accounting of some contingencies etc the third part introduces measurement of contingencies ， including measurement principle and selection of measurement attributes the forth part introduces disclosure of contingencies ， including disclosure of contingent asset ， contingent liability etc the fifth part selects some enterprises financial report to analyse ， points out some problems of contingent disclosure ， gives some suggestions about disclosure of contingencies

    對于規范我國企業或有事項的會計核算和相關信息的披露問題，提高會計信息披露質量，保護投資者利益，具有重要的現實意義。本文試就或有事項的確認、計量以及信息披露略談一下自己的認識，對準則可能存在的不足之處提出意見和建議，並採用實證方法對上市公司或有事項的披露狀況進行了分析。本文共分五章進行論述，第一章是對或有事項的概括性介紹，包括或有事項的涵義、特徵、或有事項會計的產生、或有事項的分類以及或有事項會計的基本框架等，有助於讀者了解本文的一些基本概念；第二部分介紹了或有事項的確認，介紹了或有事項的確認條件和幾種具體或有事項的會計處理；第三部分介紹了或有事項的計量，包括或有事項的計量原則和計量屬性的選擇等問題；第四部分介紹了或有事項的披露，包括或有資產、或有負債、預計負債等的披露；第五部分選取了部分上市公司的年報進行實證分析，指出了我國上市公司在或有事項披露方面存在的問題，並提出了完善我國上市公司或有事項信息披露的建議。
  8. In this text, we first do some research on the genetic algorithm about clustering, discuss about the way of coding and the construction of fitness function, analyze the influence that different genetic manipulation do to the effect of cluster algorithm. then analyze and research on the way that select the initial value in the k - means algorithm, we propose a mix clustering algorithm to improve the k - means algorithm by using genetic algorithm. first we use k - learning genetic algorithm to identify the number of the clusters, then use the clustering result of the genetic clustering algorithm as the initial cluster center of k - means clustering. these two steps are finished based on small database which equably sampling from the whole database, now we have known the number of the clusters and initial cluster center, finally we use k - means algorithm to finish the clustering on the whole database. because genetic algorithm search for the best solution by simulating the process of evolution, the most distinct trait of the algorithm is connotative parallelism and the ability to take advantage of the global information, so the algorithm take on strong steadiness, avoid getting into the local

    本文首先對聚類分析的遺傳演算法進行了研究，討論了聚類問題的編碼方式和適應度函數的構造方案與計算方法，分析了不同遺傳操作對聚類演算法的性能和聚類效果的影響意義。然後對k - means演算法中初值的選取方法進行了分析和研究，提出了一種基於遺傳演算法的k - means聚類改進（混合聚類演算法） ，在基於均勻采樣的小樣本集上用k值學習遺傳演算法確定聚類數k ，用遺傳聚類演算法的聚類結果作為k - means聚類的初始聚類中心，最後在已知初始聚類數和初始聚類中心的情況下用k - means演算法對完整數據集進行聚類。由於遺傳演算法是一種通過模擬自然進化過程搜索最優解的方法，其顯著特點是隱含并行性和對全局信息的有效利用的能力，所以新的改進演算法具有較強的穩健性，可避免陷入局部最優，大大提高聚類效果。
  9. According to the guidline, two nd : yag lasers have been designed and set up, one is end - pumped by lower output power ld using a selfoc micro lens, and the other is end - pumped by high output power ld using a pair of lenses are designed, and the characteristics such as output power and power stabilization of both solid - state lasers are investigated. thirdly, when an empty liquid crystal cell is inserted in the cavity of the nd : yag laser pumped by high power ld, the laser can operates in single axial mode. finally, according to the relationship between the laser output power and the longnitudinal a ld - end - pumped nd : yag laser sensor for displacement measurement has been investigated theoretically and demonstrated experimently, the results indicate that when the mean radius of pumping inside the laser cavity is far less than that of the oscilating laser mode, the exponential of the output power is a gauss function of the longitudinal positon of focused spot of ld pumping beam, both the measurement range and the sensitivity are dependent on the incident pumping power, as the incident pumping power is increased, the measurement range is enlarged and the sensitivity is improve d

    本文首先介紹了ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器的發展狀況、主要特性及其應用，從四能級速率方程出發，推導了ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器的閾值、輸出功率和斜效率的表達式，並簡述了激光器的工作原理、結構型式和倍頻方法；其次，以空間相關的速率方程為基礎，提出了ld端面泵浦nd ： yag激光器的設計方法，給出了一定泵浦耦合方式下，振蕩光模尺寸、最佳輸出耦合率、泵浦光模尺寸、泵浦光焦斑位置等參數的選取依據，以此為依據，設計了自聚焦透鏡耦合小功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器和透鏡組耦合高功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器，對激光器的輸出功率和功率穩定性等特性進行了實驗研究；再次，在帶尾纖輸出的高功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光腔內插入一隻空液晶盒，觀察到了激光器以單縱模運轉；最後，根據泵浦光焦斑端面位置對激光輸出功率的影響規律，提出了ld端面泵浦nd ： yag激光位移傳感新方法，並進行了理論和實驗研究，研究結果表明：當激光晶體內泵浦光平均光斑半徑遠小於振西安理工大學碩士學位論文蕩光束腰半徑時，激光輸出功率的自然指數與泵浦光焦斑的縱向位置成高斯變化規律，測量范圍和靈敏度依賴于泵浦功率，隨著泵浦功率的增加，測量范圍擴大，靈敏度提高，當端面泵浦功率為7 . 24w （最大輸出功率為1 . 926w ）時，激光位移傳感器的測量范圍和靈敏度分別是13 . 045mm和0 . 148mw / pm 。
  10. In such a background, we intend to adopt the specific experiments of gaesita psychology as the overall theoretical framework, precede from the angle of expressing formal characteristics of architectures, select " clarity and expression " ( an approach to handling formal construction ) as our subject and then make a rational analysis of the expression principles and operation methods of the formal construction of various architectures

    在這樣的背景下，我們以格式塔心理學具體實驗的啟示為理論依據，從建築形式特徵表現的角度出發，選取一種形式構成處理方法? ? 「清晰與表達」作為研究對象，主要從「形態」的方面，對建築的形式構成的表達規律和操作方法進行分析與總結。
  11. At first, modeling of these divvies by rate equations to obtain expressions for threshold and slope efficiency is given. on the case of this theory, the large numbers of literatures and datum are consulted, and the laser is home studied. through rationally selecting and improving the reflector surface, ensuring the beam quality, increasing farthest the absorption path, and improving effective pumping frequency ; through designing the water cooler of yag bar, the volume of laser is half the same internal and international production, and the output power is get to the extremum of the same international production

    並在此基礎上查閱了大量文獻和資料，對該種激光器進行了深入的研究，通過對yag棒直徑的合理選取併合理地改進反射鏡面，從而既保證了光束質量又最大限度的增加了吸收長度，有效的提高了泵浦效率；在不影響泵浦的前提下，通過有效縮短yag棒的長度減小輸出損耗；對yag棒的水冷系統進行優化結構設計，使激光器體積減小到國外同類產品體積的一半，而輸出功率已達到國外同類產品的極限值。
  12. Several materials with large coefficient of expansion were selected to make packaging components, and it was found that the packaging materials have good temperature sensitivity and compatibility with optical fibers. experimental accuracy and repetition of fbg temperature sensitivity and compensation were discussed. have selected several materials which has bigger coefficient of expansion to do packaging components, have made many temperature experiments, there have not flaws, such as aging, crackle, absciss layer, packaging materials have good temperature sensitivity and compatibility with optical fiber ; have designed the simple and practical packaging components, have performed a serials of experiments about accuracy and repetition of fbg wave - length, have obtained the first step conclusion ; have analyzed the result and made comparison between the result of different experiment, have summarized the best packaging effect and several rules to reduce mistskes

    本文所做的主要工作包括以下幾個內容：一、選取了常見的熱膨脹系數大的材料製作封裝元件，經過多次一80到80反復測試，封裝元件沒有出現老化開裂、封裝裂紋、空洞、離層等缺陷，封裝材料具有良好的溫敏穩定性及復用性，與光纖相容性較好；二、對光纖光柵進行簡單、實用的封裝處理，就封裝效果的優劣性、波長測量的準確度、重復性和封裝時產生的波長損失等方面進行了一系列的實驗，得出了初步的結論；三、對溫敏和溫度補償式封裝的實驗數據進行了詳細的分析和對比，從數字上對溫變過程中光纖光柵中心波長的改變及溫變曲線進行了定量的分析，在大量實驗數據分析結果的基礎上，總結出哪種材料封裝效果更好，以及如何有效的減小實驗誤差。
  13. At the crossing of the 21th century, the three famous authors in the contemporary literature field all selected the un - normal perspective narrate, the block - head young master in the a - lai ' s novel of " the dust falling to the ground ", the madman in jia - pingwa ' s novel of " shanxi opera ", the moving soul in the shi - tiesheng ' s novel of " the journey of my dingyi ", selecting the perspective inherited luxun ' s tradition in " the diary of the madman ", it is a reference from the west and latin america ' s modern expression skill, it is making great efforts when they face the dilemma under the new situation

    摘要世紀之交，當代文壇頗具影響力的三位作家不謀而合地選擇了非常態視角敘事，阿來《塵埃落定》中的傻子少爺，賈平凹《秦腔》中的瘋子引生，史鐵生《我的丁一之旅》中的行魂，這一敘事視角的選取既是對源自魯迅《狂人日記》中「狂人」傳統的承續，也是對西方、拉美等文學現代表現技巧的借鑒，更是新的歷史條件下敘述面臨困境時的創新努力。
  14. The principal agency model is established so that trustors ( including government ) can be understand the work of agents ( managers of state enterprise ) timely and validly, establish the agent pay system and the selecting system based on achievements, in cluding salary, bonus, right of stocks, supervise strictly the organization and management of state enterprise, as well as protect the interests of trustors ( government ). now, most state enterprises are characterized by inflexible managing mechanism, weak capacity of technological innovation, heavy debt and social burdens, difficult problems properly is to how to establish a desirable principal ( government ) ? gency ( managers of enterprises ) mechanism so that agents persistently work hard for trustors gain of the greatest benefits

    通過建立委託? ?代理模型，使委託人（政府）能及時、有效地了解代理人（國企經營者）的工作情況，建立以績效為標準，包括薪金、獎金、股票期權、債券等在內的代理人報酬制度和選任制度，並對國有企業的組織和運營進行嚴格監督，保護委託人（政府）的利益，現今，相當一部分國有企業雖有適應市場經濟的要求，但經營機制不靈活，技術創新能力不強，債務和社會負擔沉重，生產經營困難，經濟效益低下，一些職工生活困難，如何妥善地解決這些問題關鍵是如何建立一個有效的委託（政府） ? ?代理（企業經營者）理論及其機制使代理人為委託人獲取最大利益而不懈地努力工作。
  15. So far new variety is deficient and difficult to popularize because it is hard to know the eclolgical adaptability of plants, so we ca n ' t adjust measures to local conditions. in this paper, we systematically studied photosynthetic characteristics, light response characteristics, photosynthetic diurnal variation, growth, biomass, seasonal variation of physiological characteristics and leaf anatomy of cydobalanopsis multinervis and michelia foveolta under different shadings ( full light, one layer shading, two layers shading ) by ecophysiologi cal methods

    本研究運用生理生態學的研究方法，選取目前在園林上應用較少的多脈青岡和金葉含笑的幼苗為研究材料，對其在不同遮蔭處理下（全光照、一層遮蔭、兩層遮蔭）的光合特性、光響應特性、光合日變化、生長情況、生物量、生理特性的季節變化及葉片形態解剖結構等方面進行了較為全面系統的研究。
  16. Through the stand investigation by setting up the sample site, the investigation results showed that the average dbh of 15 - year - old alniqhtllm fortunei planted under nature was 60 % larger than that of 17 - year - old pinus massoniana plantation under the same condition, the average tree height of the above was 38 % larger than that of the latter, the average single - tree volume of the above was 3. 2 times higher than that of the latter, the above showed the absolute dominance in stands

    摘要設立標準地進行林分調查，在標準地中選取擬赤楊標準木進行樹干解析，採用生長對比方式分析擬赤楊在馬尾松人工林中的生長情況，調查結果表明，在同一環境條件下， 15年生天然下種的擬赤楊比17年生馬尾松人工林平均胸徑大60 % ，平均樹高高38 % ，平均單株材積大3 . 2倍，在林分中表現出絕對優勢。
  17. In this section the author analyses the rules of the pile ultimate tip resistance and the shaft friction resistance distribution and their exertion of cast - in - place socketed piles instrumented with strainometers in soft muddy rock. the second aspect of the paper is the analysis on the current rock pile vertical bearing capacity in the four standards gb50007 - 2002, tb 10002. 5 - 99, jtj024 - 85 and jgj94 - 94, then the design method with correlated formula of socketed piles in xigeda - mudstone is given. at the end of this paper, based on the research of pressure grouting technique in recent years, and combined with in - site test result, this paper puts forward the design and calculation method to grouted pile in xigeda - mudstone and the principle of choosing grouting parameters, which provid es experiences for applying this technique and further studying

    本論文結合省級科研項目「西攀高速公路昔格達組泥巖層中鉆孔樁提高承載力的研究」 ，所做的研究工作主要在以下三個方面：一是根據8根樁身內埋設量測元件試樁的單樁豎向靜載荷試驗資料，分析了各試驗樁特別是常規沖孔灌注嵌巖樁在昔格達泥巖中的軸向力、側摩阻和樁端阻力的分佈和發揮規律；二是在討論現行規范對嵌巖樁承載力的計算公式的基礎上，探討了在昔格達泥巖層中的沖孔灌注嵌巖樁的側摩阻和端阻的計算方法，並推薦了相應的計算公式；最後，在吸取近年來對灌注樁后注漿技術研究成果的基礎上，結合現場試驗研究結果，分析了該項技術在昔格達巖層中的應用效果，提出了相應的參數選取，從而為壓力灌漿技術的工程應用和進一步研究提供經驗，並為今後在該地層中合理選用樁型以及指導施工提供了依據。
  18. In chapter three, giving an initial disturbed transverse electric field and selecting the parameters in ionosphere, then we numerically simulate these equations we have get

    第三章是在給定一個初始的擾動橫場條件下，並選取好所需要的電離參數，然後對已求得的這組方程進行數值模擬。
  19. Based on the results of previous researchers, the following instigations have been carried out in this paper : ( 1 ) employing a reasonable local resonance model which can accurately embody the heat - generation behavior due to resonance and vibration - heat mode in delaminated region, the dynamic response and temperature distribution in the small delamination region of a laminated beam are formulated. influence of the excitation frequency on the temperature gradient formation is analyzed numerically, and several meaningful conclusions are drawn. ( 2 ) for laminated plates with delaminations, due to complexity of the analytical solution, the finite element method is employed to analyze their temperature distributions and satisfactory results are also obtained

    本文在前人研究的基礎上，對此方法進行了進一步的探討，主要做了以下的工作： （ 1 ）選取合理的、能夠準確反映由共振而產生熱量的行為的局部響應模型，以及合理的振動熱模式，推導了一維層合梁小脫層區域的振動響應及梁的溫度分佈，並編製程序計算了該層合梁在激勵一段時間后的溫度分佈趨勢，分析了激勵頻率對溫度梯度形成的影響，得到了一些有意義的結論； （ 2 ）對於二維層合板，由於解析解的形式異常復雜，本文採用有限元計算軟體對其溫度分佈進行了分析，也得到了較為滿意的結果。
  20. ( 2 ) using the method of parameter identification in literature [ 117 - 118 ], selecting gain function : giving the initial value of the parameter observer from the time serial of output variables of the system, the numerical simulation result shows that the parameter observer proposed in this paper can identify the unknown parameters of the system quickly and exactly no matter if the parameters keep invariable or change in some rule, and the identifying speed is faster than the method in [ 117 - 118 ], when the unknown parameters are being identified, vith parameter compensator, it can synchronizes two hyperchaotic systems completely even if some parameters mismatch

    （ 2 ）採用文獻[ 117 - 118 ]提出的參數辨識方法，通過選取更一般的增益函數： l _ i （ x _ i ） = kx _ ii = 1 ， 2 ， 3並根據系統輸出變量的時間序列給出參數觀測器的初始值來進行參數辨識，數值模擬結果表明：採用本文的參數觀測器，在系統參數固定或變化的情況下，都可對系統未知參數實現快速高精度辨識，辨識的速度快于文獻[ 117 - 118 ]提出的方法；在辨識參數的同時，結合參數補償器，使兩個參數不匹配的超混沌系統同步。
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