選擇收費制 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xuǎnzháishōubìzhì]
選擇收費制 英文
optional rate
  • 選 : Ⅰ動詞1. （挑選） select; choose; pick 2. （選舉） elect Ⅱ名詞（挑選出來編在一起的作品） selections; anthology
  • 擇 : 擇動詞（挑選） select; pick; choose
  • 收 : Ⅰ動詞1 （把攤開的或分散的事物聚集、合攏） put away; take in 2 （收取） collect 3 （收割） harvest...
  • 費 : Ⅰ名詞1 （費用） fee; expense; expenditure; dues; charge 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動詞（花費; 耗費） ...
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  • 選擇 : select; choose; opt; election; choice; culling; alternative
  • 收費 : collect fees; charge
  1. Its main measures are : correct defining design - limited, ensuring accuracy of investment - appraised ; finishing works of optimally selected a tentative program - not exceeding investment - appraised ; by means of approved tentative program controlling design of constuction drawing ; concerning with investment of construction drawing not exceeding budget of tentative program ; managing changed - design, establishing assignment system of investment, reforming system of management of earning - way

    其主要措施有：正確確定設計限額，保證投資估算的準確性；加強設計管理，重視方案選擇，做好初步設計方案的優化和比選工作；嚴格按批準的初步設計控制施工圖設計，保證施工圖預算不突破批準的初步概算；加強設計變更的管理工作，控制不合理的設計變更；實行設計經濟責任制，建立投資分配考核制，改進設計收費方法。
  2. In response to comments received through the consultation process the revised standard gives preparers of financial statements the option of presenting items of income and expense and components of other comprehensive income either in a single statement of comprehensive income with subtotals, or in two separate statements ( a separate income statement followed by a statement of comprehensive income )

    作為對徵求意見期間收到的反饋信息的回應，修訂后的準則允許報表編制者選擇將所有的收入、費用項目以及其他綜合收益的組成部分放入同一張帶小計的綜合收益表，或者是放入兩張單獨的報表（損益表和全面收益表） 。
  3. Actually the selection of toll methods and patterns should be based on the objective environment of the expressway and should aim at being favorable to recouping the capital outlay and improving the traffic environment

    事實上，收費制式和方式的選擇應根據收費道路的客觀環境來考慮，以有利於收回投資和交通環境的改善為宗旨。
  4. The operation of banking card in china has made a great progress in recent years. but the prosperity of the business of card - issuing doesn ’ t necessarily bring the prosperity of the business of banking card. the reason is, for the virtual nature, electronic nature and the short - term time of emergence of the banking card, the rights of banking card consumers are easier to be violated compared with the traditional credit vouchers or payment tools, for example, the format provisions established by the banks make the consumers hard to choose, the banks charge before discussing with the consumers, and the businesses ’ refusal of the consumers ’ use of the banking cards

    近年來，我國銀行卡發卡業務發展迅速，但這卻並未帶來銀行卡業務的繁榮。其原因是，由於銀行卡的虛擬性、電子性、及其出現時間的短期性，與傳統的信用憑證或支付工具相比，銀行卡消費者的權益比一般消費者更容易受到侵害，具體有以下幾種情形:銀行制定的格式條款讓消費者無從選擇、銀行不與消費者商量擅自收年費、商家拒絕消費者刷卡等。
  5. By setting out from the relations between accounting standards and business environment and absorbing the prevailing international comments on business combination, put forward several proposals for the draft of business combination standards. there are : distinguish methods under common control ; select purchase or pooling of interests ; determine the validity date ; recognize the purchase cost and relevant fees ; determine the discernable assets and liabilities and their fair value ; determine the value of minorities ; recognize the goodwill, information disclosure. wish the endeavors can help push forward the development of the theory and practice of our accounting on business combination

    以會計準則與企業環境的相互關系為出發點，介紹企業合併準則的國際發展動態，針對我國的現實經濟環境和會計環境，對我國企業合併會計準則的制訂從以下幾個方面提出建議：明確共同控制下的企業合併會計處理方法；購買法和權益集合法的選擇；收購生效日的確定；購買成本和相關費用的確認和計量；如何確定購入的可辨認資產和負債及其公允價值；少數股權的價值確定；商譽的處理，建議區分商譽和無形資產；信息披露的要求。
  6. Then the perfect corporate governance structure in which the shareholders are separated from the manager is damaged and the minority shareholders " rights and interests are exploited. so we choose two main facts to study

    因此，本文選擇影響交易費用的重要因素? ?資產專用性（在本文研究的問題中對應于股權的流通性）和影響控制權收益的重要因素? ?獲取控制權收益的成本這兩個問題作為研究的重點。
  7. With the bmt micro tiered pricing and discount schemes, you can set automatic discounts based on number of items, number of unique products or total dollar amount being purchased with support for rounding the final price

    通過bmt的分級收費和折扣制度，你可以自主選擇條款中有的折扣編號、特定軟體產品編號或銷售金額的總的美元數目來計算最終的付費。
  8. In its reform, therefore, we can begin with improving the expense deduction system through scientific measurement, referring to the practice of " standard deduction " and " exemption " for low income people in some de eloped countries and selecting households as the taxation entity, so as to ensure that households with the same income pa their fair share of tax and better follow the principle of equity of taxation

    因此個人所得稅改革可以從規范費用扣除制度出發，參照20世紀80年代以來一些發達國家對低收入者採取「標準扣除」 、 「寬免」的辦法，通過科學測算，健全個人所得稅費用扣除制度，選擇以家庭為納稅單位，力爭做到相同收入的家庭納各自相當的稅，更好地體現稅收的公平原則。
  9. The paper includes five parts, begins with the concepts of internet, internet education and internet college, in this way make the research position clear ; then present a brief study of the internet college ' s rising and history, divides its development phases by the term of technology and culture, briefly introduce its current situation, such as its scope, organizer, education type, system and fee - charging, etc ; then according to internet college operation process, take four factors to present a detailed analysis, they are : education needs, education service, organization administration and quality guarantee ; thereafter is a prospect of internet college ' s future development ; the technical innovation of internet college, its culture development and the structure of a learning net in a digital time ; finally after a brief summary of the whole paper comes a presentation of the problems the internet college facing in its operation

    文章共五個部分，首先由對網路、網路教育、網路大學的理解開始，明確論文的研究立場；接下來對網路大學的興起作簡單考察，從技術與文化的角度粗略劃分其發展階段，並簡要描述當前狀況，如規模、舉辦者、實施教育的類型、學制與收費等；然後再根據網路大學運行的過程，選擇其中從教育需求、教育服務、組織管理到質量保障四個要素加以分述；之後從網路大學技術的革新、網路大學文化的滋長與數字時代學習網路的構建三個方面對網路大學的發展略作展望；最後對前文作簡單結論的基礎上就網路大學的特性、教學及運行等方面問題進行一些討論。
  10. Based on this model, we studies the simultaneous existence of the agent ' s optimal capital stock and income, the government ' s optimal tax and public expenditure ( we call the combination as an equilibrium mechanism ), this essay draws the equivalent proposition of equilibrium mechanism existing and converts the former problem into another problem of selecting public sector mechanism that only includes the government behavior

    在此模型中，我們研究了消費者的最優資本存量和收入，以及政府的最優稅收和公共花費的存在性（我們把上述的四元組合稱為一個均衡機制） 。本文先建立了均衡機制存在性的一個等價命題，然後將均衡機制存d碩士學位論文n wymunr 』 stimis在性問題轉化為只有政府行為的公共部門機制選擇問題，從而得到最優稅收等的存在性。
  11. The high - performance heat - reflective coated glass is also called sunlight control coated glass it is made by coating a number of metal or metal compaound films onto the high - quality float glass or other base glass with the vacuum magnetic control sputtering method, which can effectively control the reflection, transmission and absorption of solar energy, that is to say, this glass allows sufficient natural light to come in for daylighting, and can also reflect major part of sunlight irradiation to reduce the collection of indoor heat and lower down the expenses for ventilation and air conditioning ; furthermore, the transmission, reflection ratio and reflection color are ready for the selection by the users

    高性能熱所射鍍膜玻璃也稱為陽光控制鍍膜玻璃，是在優質浮法玻璃或其他基片上用真空磁控濺射的方法鍍多層金屬或金屬化合物薄膜而成，可有效控制玻璃對太陽能的反射、透過和吸收，也就是說允許足夠的自然光進入室內用於採光，還能把大部分太陽光輻射熱反射掉，減少室內熱量的積聚，降低通風及空調的費用，而且可以根據客戶的需求，靈活選擇透過率，反射率及反射顏色。
  12. This paper also defines the basic intension of modem renting residency by analyzing the category of renting residency, the character of the renting residency, and the renting fee of the renting residency and the legal contacts of the renting residency. it expatiates the inevitability of effective requirement and the ways of effective investment through analyzing the consumption selection of the renting residency and the decision - making of investment. finally, it thinks ihe marketing of renting residency is the developing direction by analyzing the existing problems of the modern renting market hi our country and we should deal well with several problems during the developing procession : ( 1 ) the relating problem of public houses ; ( 2 ) the highest deadline problem of the houses renting ; ( 3 ) the problem of confirming the standard rents ; ( 4 ) the problem of ground income when transferring ground to the market of renting re sidency ; ( 5 ) the peasants " renting houses " problems of the combination of cites and towns ; ( 6 ) the pre - renting problem of new commodity houses ; ( 7 ) the execution of permitting rules of the houses renting

    同時，發展租賃住宅對促進我國住宅市場的多樣性、引導居民合理住宅消費、社會住宅保障制度的建立及促進住宅產業的發展都有著重要意義；本文還通過對租賃住宅的分類、特徵、租金、法律合同的分析，確定了當前租賃住宅的基本內涵；通過對租賃住宅消費選擇的分析和投資決策的分析，闡明了租賃住宅的有效需求的必然性和有效投資的方式；最後，本文通過對當前我國租賃住宅市場中存在問題的分析，認為租賃住宅市場化是租賃住宅的發展方向，並在發展過程中處理好幾個問題： （ 1 ）公有房屋轉租問題； （ 2 ）房屋租賃最高租賃期限問題； （ 3 ）租金標準確定問題； （ 4 ）劃撥土地進入房屋租賃市場的土地收益問題； （ 5 ）城鄉結合部的農民房屋出租問題； （ 6 ）新建商品房預租問題； （ 7 ）實行房屋租賃許可制度。
  13. It is shown that the target export rebate system should be established through five facets : the reform of the value - added tax ( vat ) system, the setting of the rebate rate, the unification of the administrative measure of the export rebate, the optimization of the rebate fiscal burden and the strengthen of the administration of the export rebate, which can ultimately acquire the least rebate cost and the maximum rebate benefit. to be detail, first, the existing vat system should be reformed, the vat system should be transformed from the production model to consumption model and the administration of levying tax should be strengthened, which can establish a good basis for the optimization of the export rebate system ; second, after considering the national and international practical situation comprehensively, the suitable rebate rate which is combined " neutral and different " should be chosen, and a set of elastic system of rebate rate which has both relative stability and timing flexibility should be establish ed ; third, with the further deepening of the reform of foreign trade system and the gradual improvement of the ability of the administration of the export rebate, the existing two kinds of administrative measures should be gradually transited to the single measure - " exemption, credit and rebate " ; forth, the existing sharing measure of vat should be innovated, the new rebate burden system - " first rebate then share " should be built ; fifth, a set of stimulation and restriction system of export enterprises and tax authorities should be built to strengthen the administration of export rebate effectively

    研究表明，我國目標出口退稅機制需要從五個方面進行構建：即增值稅制度改革、退稅率設置、退稅管理辦法統一、退稅財政分擔優化和退稅管理的強化，最終方可達到總體退稅成本最低和退稅收益的最大化。更具體地說，一是改革現行增值稅制度，將我國增值稅制度由生產型逐步轉為消費型，並強化征稅管理，為退稅機制的優化奠定基礎；二是在綜合考慮國內國際實際情況的前提條件下，選擇適宜我國的「中性與非中性」相結合的退稅率，並建立一套具有相對穩定性和適時靈活性的彈性退稅率機制；三是伴隨著外貿體制改革的進一步深化和退稅管理能力的逐步提高，將現行兩種出口退稅管理辦法逐步過渡到以「免、抵、退」為主的單一管理辦法；四是改革現行增值稅共享辦法，建立「先退稅后共享」的新型退稅負擔機制；五是建立一套針對出口企業和稅務機關的激勵約束機制，有效強化出口退稅的管理。
  14. This system can hardly achieve the expected effect and purpose. this paper, by using integrated public product supply, social autonomy, fee - collecting theory and through combining with the author several year ' s working experience and social investigation, study systematically and positively on the reasonability and feasibility of the system of one discussion over each matter, and its dilemma, restrictively factors, and method choosing

    本論文的創新之處，就是綜合運用公共物品供給、社會自治、收費理論等方面的一觀點，結合筆者多年的工作實踐和社會調查，對「一事一議」籌資籌勞制度設計的合理性與可行性，困境與制約因素，以及對策選擇等方面進行了一次比較系統的理論分析與實證研究。
  15. First, the dissertation has studied the efficiency and life of charge institution of expressway by an economic model, which concludes that the charge institution is the second choice made by the government under the pressure of public finance. it means that a nation is not able to build the expressway because of public finance pressure. thus, a basic fact is covered that the government compares between the transfer - cost under the free tax system and the loss of welfare under the charge system, only when the tax rate is high enough at present in the seat of government that it has no possibility to tax, and the government has to select the charge system

    第一，對高速公路收費制度的效率和存續期限利用一個經濟學模型進行了研究，得出結論：只有當一個國家的政府在財政壓力下沒有能力修築公路時才會採取收費的方式，當然在這個表面現象下面掩蓋著這樣一個基本的事實：政府是在免費制度下的轉移損失與收費制度下的福利損失之間進行權衡，只有當政府認為目前稅率足夠高了，沒有再行征稅的餘地時，才會選擇收費制度，而足夠高的稅率和民眾不允許再行征稅意味著再行征稅的轉移損失大到了一定的程度。
  16. As an interfirm organization ， the virtual enterprise has ful ly showed great vitality in the past ten years some scholars even foretell that the virtual enterprise will be the main form of organization in the 2 1 st century following the creation of new techniques ， the development of institutions and the evolution of culture ， the virtual enterprise characterized by dynamism and flexibility is fit for the changing economic environments besides ， compared with other forms of organization ， the virtual enterprise may have low organization costs and high net profits due to its special organizational culture and mechanism this thesis analyzes two questions on the virtual enterprise in terms of the new institutional economics ， behavioral science ， game theory, management and so on ( 1 ) the nature of the virtual enterprise after building the model of organization selection ， i compare the virtue of the virtual enterprise with that of the market ， firms in the realistic economic background ， and i confirm that the change of environments determines the selection of the virtual enterprise in addition ， i analyze the border of the virtual enterprise ， which i mean is not the scale or scope of it but the extent to which firms ， composing the virtual enterprise ， can separate their organizational function so ， that is the shrinking border of firms ( 2 ) the construction of the virtual enterprise at first ， the operation of the virtual enterprise and the steady mechanism of maintaining this operation are analyzed then ， through the analyses of the organizational norms ， the life circle ， the thoughts of design ， the building of internal environments and organizational structure of the virtual enterprise i draw some valuable conclusions on the end of the thesis ， i introduce two cases about the virtual enterprise ， from which we can understand how the virtue of the virtual enterprise is realized and that the more important is to avoid the pitfalls when choosing the virtual operations

    隨著技術的創新、制度的發展及文化的變遷，虛擬企業以動態靈活的品性在相當程度上適應了同樣變化著的經濟環境；此外，它特色的組織文化和組織機制使其在與其它組織形態相比時，依然可能具有低組織費用、高凈收益的特徵。本文運用了新制度經濟學、行為科學、博弈論及管理學等方面的知識，探討了虛擬企業兩大問題： 1 ）虛擬企業的性質。在構建了組織選擇模型的基礎上，筆者以現實的經濟環境為背景比較了虛擬企業與純市場形態及企業的組織優勢，證明了現實環境的變化決定了虛擬企業選擇；另外，筆者分析了虛擬企業的"邊界"問題，這里"邊界"的含義不是指虛擬企業的規模或范圍的大小，而是指構成虛擬企業的企業單元究竟能在多大程度將其一部分的組織職能分離出去，也就是指一個企業的"收縮"邊界。
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