Hyaluronic acid ( ha ) is a high molecular weight linear polysaccharide composed of repeating disaccharide units of d - glucuronic acid ( glclia ) and n - acetyl - d - glucosamine ( glcnac ) linked by 3 - 1 - 3 and p - 1 - 4 glycoside bonds
透明質酸（ hyaluronicacid ）是一種由葡萄糖
醛酸（ glcua ）和n -乙酰氨基葡萄糖（ clcnac ）以- 1 - 3和- 1 - 4糖
苷鍵相連的二糖單位重復構建而成的，具有生物相容性的高分子聚合物。
[ objective ] heparin is linear polysaccharides consisting of repeating disaccharide unit backbones of n - acetyl - d - glucosamine that is linked to d - glucuronic acid. the disaccharide repeat unit can be modified to include n - and o - sulfation ( 6 - o and 3 - o sulfation of the glucosamine and 2 - o sulfation of the uronic acid ). these specific sulfate patterns are involved in the interaction of heparin with other molecules
[目的]肝素是由n -乙酰葡萄糖胺與d -葡萄糖
醛酸以1 4糖
苷鍵連接起來的重復二糖單位組成的線性多糖，葡萄糖胺可帶有n -硫酸基團，可在c6上形成0 -硫酸酯，帶有硫酸基團的獨特結構參與了肝素與其他分子的相互作用。
This paper describes briefly the flavor materials being resistant to high temperature and having a long - lasting taste and odor, including acetals, long - lasting cooling agent, substituted fatty acid glyceride and glucoside
摘要本文簡單介紹了食用香料中的長效和耐高溫香料。它們包括縮
醛類、長效涼味劑、取代脂肪酸甘油酯和糖
苷等。
Udp - glucuronosyltransferases ( ugts ) are glycoproteins localized in the endoplasmic reticulum that catalyze the conjugation of a broad variety of endogenous and exogenous lipophilic aglycon substrates ( such as bilirubin, steroid hormone and drugs, insecticide, etc ) with glucuronic acid using udp - glucuronic acid ( udpga ) as the sugar donor. ugts are a gene superfamily of phase ii drug - metabolizing enzymes, they are responsible for the glucuronidation of a significant number of different functional groups ( e. g
Ugts能催化各種各樣外源和內源的親脂性糖
苷配基底物與葡
醛酸的結合，該反應是機體清除外源性（如藥物和殺蟲劑）和內源性（如膽紅素和甾體激素）親脂性化合物的一個主要方式，也是藥物相代謝的重要方式。
Methods : the contents of total phosphatide, total polysaccharides and total saponins in sulphur fumigated lily and non - sulphur fumigated lily through phosphor molybdate blue and phenol hydrate - sulfuric acid and veniua - glacial acid were detected
方法：分別採用鉬藍比色法、苯酚硫酸法和香草
醛冰醋酸法測定硫熏和非硫熏百合中總磷脂、總多糖及總皂
苷含量。
The effect of - galactosidase and polygalacturonase on peach ripening and softening
半乳糖
苷酶及多聚半乳糖
醛酸酶對桃果實成熟軟化的影響
There were limited reports about the metabolism catalyzed by ugt1a9. ugt1a9 mainly catalyze the glucuronidation of hydroxyl to produce o - glucuronide. besides, ugt1a9 also catalyze the glucuronidation of carboxyl and hydroxylamine compounds
有關ugt1a9的代謝作用研究不多，從文獻報道來看， ugt1a9主要催化羥基上的綴合反應，形成o -葡
醛酸
苷，此外它也能與羧基、羥肟酸形成葡
醛酸
苷。
The results of the experiments indicates that concentration of aminosilane influences the fluorescence background of glass slide, and some factors affect immobile ratio of oligonucleotide probe, such as aminosilane treatment time, aldehyde treatment time, uv crosslinking energy, washing temperature and time
研究表明，氨基化試劑濃度對玻片熒光背景有影響，氨基化試劑處理時間、
醛基化處理時間、紫外交聯能量和洗滌溫度和時間等工藝因素影響寡核
苷酸探針的固定率。
The key stage of fabricating gene chip is pretreatment of glass surface including the processes of nh3h2o treatment, aminosilane treatment and aldehyde treatment. the pretreatment can grow active group that can bind probe effectively on the surface of glass slide. as a result, the actively treated glass slide can suit for fabricating in - situ synthesis high density gene chips
基因晶元制備技術的關鍵步驟是玻片表面預處理，即對玻片表面進行羥基化、氨基化和
醛基化處理，使表面生長的活性基團能有效固定寡核
苷酸探針，以滿足原位合成高密度基因晶元對玻片的要求。
First, glass slides having been rinsed will be treated with nh3h2o, aminosilane and aldehyde. second, the quality of pretreatment surface of glass slides can be tested through methods of fluorescence and afm microscope. in the end, the characteristic of probe immobile ratio for oligonucleotide on glass surface is obtained through researching the internal relation of these two methods
實驗選用表面平整的德國玻片，將清洗好的玻片分別進行羥基化、氨基化、
醛基化，採用熒光法和原子力顯微鏡法分別檢測玻片表面預處理質量，研究兩種檢測方法之間的內在聯系，從而確定表徵玻片表面寡核
苷酸探針固定率的方法。
Table 3 contents of calcium, mda and atp in all experimen groups （ s ）
表3 .實驗各組心肌丙二
醛、三磷酸腺
苷和鈣含量
Methods : in cultured lung explants without serum, the lipid component synthesis of pulmonary surfactant was evaluated in [ 3h ] - choline incorporation ; mrna content of phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase ( cct ) in lung explants was investigated in rt - pcr ; the changes of the ultrastructure of the at ii cells were observed with electron microscope ; the expression of nmdar1 subtype was observed in immunohistochemistry staining ; nitric oxide synthase ( nos ) activity, nitric oxide ( no ) content, superoxide dismutase ( sod ) level, malondialdehyde ( mda ) content and lactae dehydroase ( ldh ) level were determined by biochemistry methods. results : 1. influence of glutamate on synthesis of the lipid component of pulmonary surfactant ? with l - arginine, glu inhibited [ 3h ] - choline incorporation with good dose - dependence and time - dependence ; ( 2 ) mrna content of cct of the glu treatment groups was decreased ; ( 3 ) glu increases the release of ldh in cultured lung explants ; ( dwith electron microscope histochemistry, glu induced the changes of the ultrastruture of at ii iv cells
方法：採用成年大鼠肺組織無血清培養，運用[ ~ 3h ] -膽堿摻入法測定ps主要脂質磷脂酰膽堿（ pc ）合成量； rt - pcr擴增檢測肺組織中pc合成限速酶磷酸膽堿二胞苷酰基轉移酶（ cct ） mrna含量；透射電子顯微鏡法觀察肺泡型上皮細胞和ps系統超微結構的變化；免疫組織化學染色檢測glu的受體nmdar1亞單位的表達；生化測定肺組織乳酸脫氫酶（ ldh ）釋放量和肺組織勻漿中一氧化氮合酶（ nos ）活性、一氧化氮（ no ）生成量、超氧化物歧化酶（ sod ）水平以及丙二醛（ mda ）含量。
