重合平差 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhònggěpíngchā]
重合平差 英文
coincidence adjustment
  • 重 : 重Ⅰ名詞（重量; 分量） weight Ⅱ動詞（重視） lay [place put] stress on; place value upon; attach im...
  • 合 : 合量詞（容量單位） ge, a unit of dry measure for grain （=1 decilitre）
  • 平 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （沒有高低凹凸 不頃斜） flat; level; even; smooth 2 （高度相同; 不相上下） on the same l...
  • 差 : 差Ⅰ名詞1 （不相同; 不相合） difference; dissimilarity 2 （差錯） mistake 3 [數學] （差數） differ...
  1. And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo - targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral - integrated - form - based classification method can remove the phenomenon of " different spectrum with same objects " resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo - target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflection ratio. it is suggested that " red edge " range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel - based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. the remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed

    研究結果如下：首先針對荒漠化地區的地物特徵，對高光譜數據不同波段的數據質量、波段組合進行了評價，提出了適用於荒漠化監測的基本波段選擇集；初步了解和掌握了研究地區的地物光譜特性及變異規律，進一步明確了掌握地物光譜特徵和變異規律是用成像光譜儀數據提取地物信息的基礎；發現了基於光譜整體形狀的分類方法在很大程度上能夠消除由於傳感器、地物目標觀測方向之間的角度變化引起的反射率曲線整體平移的「同物異譜」現象，對于譜形相似而整體反射率的值相差較大的兩類地物，通過引入均值和方差圖像參與分類得到解決；研究還表明在植被「紅邊」范圍內的波段是進行荒漠化監測的主要特徵波段，這些波段與植被生物量和蓋度都有密切的關系，是開展精細植被分類研究和植被定量反演的重要基礎；像元的導數光譜分析可以消除土壤背景的影響，是進行植被生物量和蓋度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化監測主要評價因子的定量反演模型，並分析了模型的適用性。
  2. The restriction factors are lack of government and policy support, the small production scale, the low degree of farmer ' s organization, the construction of industrialization management scheme was weak, internal mechanism was needed to be improved, the proportion of breed was inconsequence, low utilization ratio of resource, low research level, behindhand production technique, low science and technology content of produce, trade was lack of self - discipline, competition without orders, low level of marketing and currency, the market system was not healthiness, the scales of leading enterprises were small, so they were short of ability of bringing along others

    當前制約菏澤市牡丹產業發展的主要因素是政府行為不規范、支持力度不夠;生產規模普遍較小，農民組織化程度低，產業化經營組織建設還很薄弱，內部機制有待完善;牡丹品種結構不合理，資源利用率低;科研水平低，生產技術落後，產品科技含量低;行業自律性差，無序競爭嚴重;產品營銷、流通水平低，市場體系不健全;龍頭企業弱小，帶動能力不強。
  3. The apec approach, which features respect for differences, equality, mutual benefit, voluntarism and consensus, should be upheld

    應堅持以尊重差異、平等互利、自主自願和協商一致為主要特點的合作方式。
  4. It has its own basic features in its approach, that is, giving full consideration to the diversity of its members and acknowledging their divergence at the level and stage of development as well as the consequent differing interests and needs ; laying emphasis on flexibility, step - by - step progress and openness ; adhering to such principles as equality and mutual benefit, consensus, seeking common ground while putting aside differences as well as voluntarism ; and combining individual with collective actions

    它的運行方式具有自己的基本觀點，這就是：充分尊重各成員的多樣性；承認成員之間發展水平和發展階段上的差異及其帶來的不同利益與需求；強調靈活性、漸進性和開放性；遵循平等互利、協商一致、求同存異、自主自願的原則；實行單邊行動與集體行動相結合。
  5. On " apec approach ", president jiang pointed out that apec has its own basic features in its approach, that is giving full consideration to the diversity of its members and acknowledging their divergence in the level and stage of development as well as the consequent differing interests and needs ; laying emphasis on flexibility, step - by - step progress and openness ; adhering to such principles as equality and mutual benefit, consensus, seeking common ground while putting aside differences as well as voluntarism ; and combining individual with collective actions

    關于" apec方式" ，江主席指出， apec的運行方式具有自己的基本特點，這就是：充分尊重各成員的多樣性，承認成員之間的發展水平和發展階段上的差異及其帶來的不同利益與需求強調靈活性漸進性和開放性遵循平等互利協商一致求同存異自主自願的原則實行單邊行動與集體行動相結合。
  6. A new approximate adjustment method for arbitrary centralized polygon is developed, together with its corresponding programme. an example is given to illustrate its higher computation efficiency, compared with the traditional method. both results are identical

    本文導出了中點多邊形近似平差的新演算法，並給出了適合任意中點多邊形平差的計算程序，計算結果和傳統方法一致，但避免了數據的重復輸入，提高了計算效率。
  7. Twenty f1 combinations crossed among 5 varieties and strains different in fiber properties according to complete diallel crossing design were used to evaluate the heterosis and gene action of boll weight and lint percentage in high quality fiber property varieties in upland cotton in 1998 1999 for two year successively at nanjing. it was indicated that there existed small interactions with the environmental factors without maternal effects and the additive gene effect was in chief, attaining to 51. 2 % and 65. 4 % respectively for boll weight and lint percentage. the dominant effect was also in higher rate, 32. 6 % and 16. 8 % respectively. the population mean heterosis of boll weight and lint percentage over the mid - parental mean were relatively prominent 13. 3 % and 3. 5 % respectively in extreme significance. however, boll weight showed no significantly surpassing parental f1 heterosis over the better parent based on population mean ( 2. 0 % ) ; while the lint percentage expressed significant negative heterosis value ( - 2. 1 % ). the gene actions were in conformity with the heterosis expression. it was shown clearly that the f1 combinations crossed between parents with similar performances had relatively high dominant effects and significant positive f1 surpassing parental heterosis ( f1 heterosis over the better parent ) ; while no f1 combination crossed between the parents with prominent mutual difference surpassed the higher parent in yield components, which indicated that among those parents with less difference and close relationships, there still existed sufficient genetic variation or certain mechanism for creating variation and achieving greater advances in breeding. correlation analyses also indicated that there still existed severely undesirable negative correlation between yield and fiber properties as well as the difficulties for their simultaneous improvements

    利用5個具有不同纖維品質性狀的品種（系）配製完全雙列雜交組合20個，通過親本和f1的2年隨機區組試驗發現產量性狀的鈴重和衣分與環境的互作效應小，不存在母體效應，並以加性遺傳效應為主，分別占表型方差的51 . 2 %和65 . 4 % ;顯性遺傳效應所佔的比率也較高，分別為32 . 6 %和16 . 8 % .鈴重和衣分的群體平均優勢較大，分別為13 . 3 %和3 . 5 % ，達到了極顯著;鈴重的超親優勢為2 . 0 % ，不顯著;衣分為顯著的負值（ - 2 . 1 % ） .遺傳分析與雜種優勢結果一致.具體表現在產量性狀上，親本相當配製的組合雜合顯性較高，其超親優勢正向顯著，而極值親本（差異較大）所配組合沒有超過高親的.這表明親本差異小、親源關系較近的親本中仍然存在足夠的遺傳變異或某種機制以創造變異使育種取得更大的進展.相關分析表明了仍然存在嚴重的品質與產量的負相關，遺傳改良的難度較大
  8. They demand different citizenship, their aim is not to separate from mainstream society but rather to participate in the mainstream society and look forward to realizing equality, dialogue and cooperation among all different cultures. multiculturalists claim that public policy affects members of different cultural groups differently, and hence that political philosophy needs to rethink its assumption of unitary citizenship. its central insights are four : ( 1 ) wants mainstream society to recognize their cultural identity and difference

    面對著少數文族在多元社會中的地位和處境，多元文化主義提出了他們的基本政治訴求： （ 1 ）要求主流社會承認少數文族獨特的文化認同； （ 2 ）主張尊重少數文族的差異並反對同質化的文化霸權； （ 3 ）要求賦予少數文族差異的公民權利； （ 4 ）強調文化間的平等對話與協商合作。
  9. The sub - model for design of population density was developed according to the principle of determining boll number from target yield, fruit node from boll number, fruit branch from fruit node and population density from fruit branch by integrating the effects of sowing date, cutout date, effective temperature accumulation above 12, variety type, and fertilizer and water management levels. sowing rate was then decided by integrating the effects of different soil water and salt contents, ph, temperature and sowing style on seedling emergence rate with relative weight method

    基於「以產定鈴、以鈴定節、以節定枝、以枝定苗」的原理，同時考慮播種日期、打頂日期、 12的有效積溫、品種株型特性、肥水管理水平差異等因素來確定適宜的種植密度；在此基礎上，應用相對權重法計算土壤含水量、含鹽量以及整地質量和播種方式等多個生態環境因子對出苗率的綜合影響，進而確定播種量。
  10. During the course of the research, the criterions of the interpolation effect are mean error ( me ), mean absolute error ( mae ), root mean squared interpolation error ( rmse ) and the difference of mean square deviation between the measured and the estimated surface air temperature. the conclusions are as follows : ( 1 ) by contrasting the gaussian weighted model associated with the error modification with the gaussian weighted model, the error modification is proved to considerably ameliorate the precision of spatial interpolation ; ( 2 ) on the base of the gaussian weighted model, taking altitudinal effect into account can reflect the trend in which temperature changes according to the topographic altitude and may ameliorate the precision of spatial interpolation correspondingly and apparently, which indicates that topographical effect on the preciseness of spatial interpolation can not be disregarded in terms of the region with complicated topography ; ( 3 ) the map of daily surface air temperature distribution, using the modified gaussian weighted model a and b, can accurately reflect the temperature - changing - with - topographical - altitude trend. among them, the better is the model a, whose me is below 0. 03 ?

    在此過程中，採用平均誤差（ me ） ，平均絕對誤差（ mae ） ，插值平均誤差平方的平方根（ rootmeansquaredinterpolationerror ，簡稱rmsie ） ，插值前後測站要素值的均方差（ meansquaredeviation ，簡稱msd ）差值作為判定插值效果的標準，得出如下結論：通過高斯權重法與結合逐步訂正的高斯權重法的對比，說明結合逐步訂正方案的高斯權重法可大大提高地面日氣溫的插值精度；在高斯權重法中加入海拔影響項可以反映出溫度隨地形高度的變化趨勢，同時也能較大地提高地面日氣溫的空間插值精度，說明在地形復雜的區域，地形影響在插值精度中是不可忽略的；對于高斯權重法的兩種改進方案得到的地面日氣溫分布圖都能很好地反映出表面大氣氣溫隨地形高度的變化趨勢。
  11. Proceeding from the fundamental interests of the people of all countries concerned, we will broaden the converging points of common interests and properly settle differences on the basis of the five principles of peaceful coexistence, notwithstanding the differences in social system and ideology

    我們將繼續改善和發展同發達國家的關系，以各國人民的根本利益為重，不計較社會制度和意識形態的差別，在和平共處五項原則的基礎上，擴大共同利益的匯合點，妥善解決分歧。
  12. The tax treatment is unfair among different businesses and different tax - payers. the abnormal taxation certainly results in the abnormal development of the bank and securities industry. the difference between the taxation of china bank and securities industry and the foreign taxation that include the taxing scope, the abstraction and materialization of taxation, the taxation operation, the sanction and transparency of tax law, the seriousness of taxing administration and tax policy choice, not only provide the opportunity for the foreign finance institution which can carry out tax planning, moreover tax equity, but also likely lead to that the foreign finance institution lack confidence to china market and policy, finally affect its investment and result in tax unfairness among tax - payers

    長期以來，我國財政與金融的特殊關系使得財政對銀行業實行「特殊」的稅收政策，銀行業整體稅負高於製造業以及非金融性的服務業，中資金融企業稅負高於外資金融機構，過重的稅負使得銀行資本充足率難以保證，發展失去后勁；二是我國銀行業和證券業稅制結構不合理、稅制不規范、不科學，銀行和證券業內部不同行業、不同納稅人之間稅收待遇不公平，畸形的稅制必將導致銀行與證券業的畸形發展；三是我國銀行業和證券業稅制與外國稅制的差異，包括征稅范圍大小、稅制的抽象化與具體化、稅制的可操作性、稅收法律約束力和透明度、稅收執法的嚴肅性等差異，不僅給外資金融機構進行稅務籌劃甚至偷逃稅提供了可乘之機，而且還可能使得外資金融機構對中國市場、對政府政策缺乏信心，而影響其投資，也導致納稅人之間稅負不公。
  13. In this paper, we have discussed the influences of supply air temperature, supply air quantity, supply air turbulence, as well as mixing ratio of supply unit. all of above parameters are important for the extension of the adjacent zone. consideration of all the parameters is essential for a good system design which can ensure the advantage of displacement ventilation

    本文研究了各種送風參數對鄰接區的大小的影響，結果表明：送風溫差、送風量、送風湍流度以及送風口的摻混量等因素對其都有重要影響，在設計時必須仔細平衡這些因素，確定合適的送風口和送風參數，才能使設計更加合理，充分發揮出置換通風系統的優勢。
  14. Third, after analysis of chinese human capital situations, the paper points out four problems : although having abundant labor capital, the amount of human capital is still at a low level owing to poor investment ; there is large difference among different area, industry and different ownership economy because of serious imbalance on economic developments ; misallocation of human capital leads to the low utilizing efficiency of quite a amount of it, and the main reasons come as follows : cognition problem, populations, insufficient investment, low efficiency and lack of mobility

    第三，通過分析中國人力資本現狀，找出了存在的問題在於，一是雖然勞動力資源十分豐富，但是由於人力資本投資不足，總體存量還處于較低的水平上；二是由於經濟發展水平的嚴重不平衡，人力資本在不同地區、產業和所有制經濟中的狀況呈現出較大的差異；三是由於人力資本配置不合理造成現有的相當部分的人力資本利用效率不高。並分析了上述問題形成的原因主要來自於認識問題、人口因素、投資不足、效率不高、缺乏流動五個方面。
  15. Consequently, the paper investigates the following aspects about the network adjustment theory and practice for airborne gravimetry, m oreover, some questions correlated with solving the adjustment problem are discussed in detail. 1. based on actualities of airborne gravimetry, two practical methods of searching crossovers are proposed, i

    為此，本文從以下幾個方面對航空重力測量測線網平差的理論與方法及相關內容進行研究，並得出若干初步結論： 1 、結合航空重力測量的實際情況，提出了兩種實用的交叉點搜索方法，即跳躍搜索法和圖形輔助搜索法。
  16. The paper introduces the optimal design of the second grade level net in fuoshan, expounds the evaluating method on accuracy for different net pattern based on the principle of indirect balancing and the computing function of the excel matrix, and selects a pattern which meets the needs of national norm for net form, the density of point, accuracy and reliability

    摘要本文介紹了佛山市二等水準網項目的優化設計，重點闡述了根據間接平差原理對不同的布網方案，利用excel的矩陣計算功能實現精度評估的方法，評選出一套從網形、點位密度、精度、可靠性等方面都符合國家規范和佛山特點的方案，以供參考。
  17. Initial alignment is to put on some speed of control angel in order to transferring the maths platform to expected location. it can be controlled by error equation. in the platform system, it used to adopt the modern control theory method

    初始對準從控制上講就是施加一定的控制角速度把數學平臺轉向期望的位置（與地理坐標系重合） ，它是按誤差方程進行控制的，過去在平臺系統中採用頻率特性方法，目前已經採用了現代控制理論設計方法。
  18. In chapter 3, the group decision - making is applied in the safety evaluation, and the credit degree is put forward to considering the experts " appraisal level. the principle of set - valued statistics and the fuzzy gravity center based decision theory are put into a new method, and are applied in the uncertain type of ahp. hence, the weights of evaluation indices that reflect the experts " level are gained. this measure, which reflects the objective of the evaluation process and the subjective of the experts, can concentrate various opinions and lower the deviation of the evaluation process. a new method of calculating weights and variable weight is presented in the safety evaluation, and it is discussed that how the method of variable weight is applied in several evaluation methods

    在原有的集值統計原理的基礎上，引入對專家評判水平的評判? ?專家的權重，形成加權的集值統計原理，並與重心決策理論相結合，計算出考慮了專家水平差異的橋梁安全性評價指標的權重。這樣處理反映了評價的客觀性和參評人員的主觀性，能很方便地集中多種不同意見，減少了評價過程中的隨機誤差。在橋梁安全性評價中，為了反映橋梁狀態發展的不均衡性，使評價過程更趨于合理，評價結果更可靠，將變權原理應用於橋梁安全性評價，探討變權原理在多種評價方法中的運用。
  19. It is well known that the gear contact ratio has a close relation with the gears transmission error, contact pattern, load distribution, influences the gears meshing smooth, noise, dynamic strength and stiffness. based on development of the meshing theory, using tca, ltca and experiments, spiral bevel gears with high contact ratio are researched systematically

    眾所周知，齒輪的重合度與齒輪傳動誤差、接觸印痕與載荷分配密切相關，進而影響到齒輪嚙合的平穩性、噪聲、動剛度與動強度等。
  20. After the reformation opening, the government carried out the guideline of unbalanced development and pushed the gradient opening policy of regions to make the littoral region early rich. upon the development of twenty years, the littoral region has built up the relative perfect market economic system and the gross national product has increased by a large margin per year

    但是西部地區也存在先天的不足，如地處偏遠、基礎設施不完善，高技術企業與地方經濟融合性差，更重要的是西部地區市場經濟不完善，企業對國家依賴程度高，地方政府服務水平、意識相對較差。
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