金融利率 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [jīnrónglìlǜ]
金融利率
英文
money rate-
While changes in reserve requirements can affect short - term interest rates by changing banks demand for reserves, these actions can have disruptive effects on banks since banks need time to adjust their portfolios to accommodate the changed requirements, especially if the financial markets are not fully developed and the distribution of excess reserves among banks is uneven
調整儲備要求盡管可以改變銀行對儲備資金的需求，從而影響短期利率，但同時亦可能為銀行帶來不良的影響。這是由於銀行需要時間調整其資產組合以符合新的儲備要求。如果有關地區的金融市場尚未全面發展，或銀行之間的過剩儲備資金分佈不均，影響則可能更甚。To be controlled or liberalized is always the main point of interest theories. there is a hot debate between classicalism keynesianism financial restrain & financial deepening theory and neo - keynesianism in the last century
從古典經濟學開始到凱恩斯主義、金融抑制金融深化理論以及新凱恩斯主義，管制還是自山化一直是利率理論長期以來爭論不休的主要問題。Partly due to the above practice, president carter supported decontrol of natural gas prices, deregulation of the airlines, trucking, and railroads, and deregulation of the financial services industry, including the elimination of ceilings on deposit interest rates
在某種程度上因為上述情況，卡特總統支持對天然氣價格取消限制，對航空公司、卡車運輸與鐵路運輸放鬆管制，對金融服務業放鬆管制，包括取消儲蓄存款利率的上限。The anticipation that a devaluation might occur may lead financial markets to require higher interest rates, compounding the effects of an overvaluation with high interest rates and possibly forcing a devaluation, even if the government initially had no intention of devaluating
對貶值可能發生的預期會導致金融市場需要更高的利率，再混合過高估價和高利率的影響，很有可能引發貨幣貶值，即使政府最初並沒有貶值的意思。As a kind of endogenic phenomenon of progressive reform, the reasons of financial dilemma lie in financial preference of nationalization and soft budget restriction of state - owned enterprises, asymmetric information and the rate which is not decided by market transaction, and the actual ownership - discrimination of stock market and bond market
作為漸進改革的一種內生現象，民營經濟的金融困境源於「國有化」金融偏好與國有企業預算軟約束，信息不對稱與利率非市場化，以及股票市場與債券市場事實上的「所有制」歧視。So, the " divisible by 9 " rule - now very much an interesting " trademark " of the pboc since it applies the rule to other policy rates, including the central bank lending rate, the rediscount rate and the rates on required and excess reserves continues to be a tradition of the financial system of the mainland
被9整除的做法已成為人行的標記，並廣泛應用於其他政策利率，包括央行貸款利率再貼現利率法定存款準備金利率及超額準備金利率。這已成為內地金融體制的一個特色，要了解內地金融情況的朋友便要留意了。Therefore, the central work what we should do by now is to optimize the level and structure of interest rate, to develop finical system, to strengthen finical inspect and to create conditions for the gradual development of interest system reform
因而，我們有必要從優化利率水平、利率結構，培育完善的金融體系，加強金融監管等方面著手，創造條件並沿漸進路徑從邊際調整中有序地推進利率體制改革。As a new financing instrument, since convertible bond came to the capital market of china, becase of its speclation and investment, it was accepted by government and companies and investors convertible bond may play an important role in broadening enterprises ' financing channels, enrich the variety of investing instruments and make our security market prosperous. csrc has issued the interrelated rules for public firms issue the convertible bonds. until the end of 2001, it has 55 firms plan to issue the the convertible bonds. but by end of 2002 only 5 firms issued the convertible bonds because of investor ' worry. but in 2003, the management strengthens the security market such as some public firms just to " fold money ", the convertible bonds become the most invest tools for the public firms refinance. only if the behavior of issuing convertible bonds is normalized our security market can tend towards a mature way, social capital can be optimized, and the public firms can also develop in an ample area. this paper base on the character of the convertible bonds
國務院證券委員會在1997年3月25日頒發了《可轉換公司債券暫行管理辦法》 ，又於2001年4月26日頒發了《上市公司發行可轉換公司債券實施辦法》關于可轉換債券的規定和條例，對上市公司發行可轉換公司債券的要求條件比配股、增發更為寬松，截止到2001年4月，有200多家上市公司夠發行可轉換債券資格，到2001年底有55家公司計劃發行可轉換債券，但受到一些上市公司通過配股、增發等「圈錢」的影響，投資者對上市公司通過發行可轉換債券再融資是不得不持審慎態度， 2002年全年僅5家公司實施了可轉換債券，共籌集資金41 . 5億元人民幣，從總體發行情況看，發行規模越來越小，利率越來越高，投資者認可程度越來越低，發行和交易狀況每況愈下。The troubles lying in interest rate, the location of governmental functions, the status of non - governmental microfinance organizations, the managerial system of rural credit cooperative and personnel quality are key factors to restrict microf inane ial development and rural financial innovation in our country
利率問題、政府職能的定位問題、非政府小額信貸組織的地位問題、人員素質問題是制約小額信貸在我國順利發展和農村金融創新的關鍵因素。Government ' s monopoly of capital market also leaded to the " shell " value of listed company which is irrelative to the company ' s invest value, which made the higher general price in the market. in addition to, the structure of investors which is consisting of many individual investors and few institution investors lets it easy to manipulate the stock market for the institution investors. according to the origins of the systematic risk, it is necessary to improve the market mechanism and market efficiency to eliminate the system root of the risk to decrease the risks
突出地表現在：資本市場服務于國企轉制，造成上市公司股權結構存在缺陷，致使公司治理失效，上市公司缺乏持續發展的能力，公司經營風險轉化為市場的系統性風險；政府對資本市場準入的行政性壟斷，形成上市公司「殼」價值，虛高股票市場價格，引發系統性風險；金融市場分割，特別是貨幣市場資金缺乏進入資本市場的正常渠道，利率市場化水平低，影響金融資產定價，導致違規融資盛行，加大了市場風險；而由於市場監管不到位，以散戶為主的投資主體結構，則易導致機構大戶利用內幕信息操縱股價，機構投資者的發展不僅沒有成為穩定市場的力量，反而成為操縱市場的主力，加劇了市場波動。The reform of marketizing money rate also requires to reform and adjust the range, ways and means of financial supervision at the same pace. part five discusses the means to carry marketizing money rate forward gradually
利率市場化改革也要求金融監管的范圍、監管方式和手段同步進行調整，建立起既能及時化解風險又不損害市場機制的根本的高效運行的監管體系。In the angle of interest rate risk management, the thesis advanced that the interest rate risk embedded in the financial instruments can be identificated and measured by market value analysis, and the risk can be controlled in sufferable extent of bank by some technology instruments, which will assure the bank will get stable income in the fluctuated market environment
論文從利率風險管理的角度出發，提出利用市值分析對銀行金融工具中所隱藏的利率風險加以鑒別和測量，並通過一定的技術工具將風險控制在銀行可承受的范圍之內，從而確保銀行在波動的市場環境中獲得穩定的收入。After that, under the influence of financial yeasty, especially the east asia crisis of last century, people more rationally look the economic relationship in the interest rate liberalization, which should be dealt with properly
從金融管制到金融深化、利率管制到利率市場化，表明金融與經濟發展必然是、也必須是相互促進的。The essence is that through setting up new system and adopting new method or new tools, the liquidity, profitability and security of financial assets will be integrated in high degree, thus financial efficiency will be improved
其本質就是：通過建立新的體制，採用新的方法，推出新的工具，使金融資產的流動性、盈利性和安全性達到高度統一，從而提高金融效率。Article 39 if, in the case of a loan between a taxpayer and an affiliated enterprise, the amount of interest paid or received exceeds or is less than the amount that would be agreeable between non - affiliated parties or exceeds or is less than the normal interest rates of similar loan services, the responsible taxation authority may make adjustments based on normal interest rates
第三十九條納稅人與關聯企業之間融通資金所支付或者收取的利息，超過或者低於沒有關聯關系的企業之間所能同意的數額，或者其利率超過或者低於同類業務正常利率的，主管稅務機關可以參照正常利率予以調整。In some contexts ( the analysis of financial leases, for example ) depreciation tax shields are treated as safe, nominal cash flows and are discounted at an aftertax borrowing or lending rate
在某些情境中（例如，金融租賃的分析） ，折舊稅收擋板被作為安全的、名義的現金流對待，並以一個稅后借款或貸款利率貼現。In the part of management strategy of interest risk, introduce the calculation of var, asset - liability - management ( alm ) and financial innovation
在利率風險的管理策略里介紹了var的測算、資產負債管理和金融創新。As what has been said, the paper puts forward five plans to improve the efficiency of the housing finance. first is the marketization of the interest rate. the government must solve the problem of housing of low - income people with allowance through other commercial ways
在此基礎上，本文提出要提高我國住房金融效率應從以下幾方面入手：第一，利率市場化，政府要解決低收入人群的住房問題，可採用其他方式直接對低收入家庭進行補貼。However, once we take all - sided and impersonal view over the housing finance, we will definitely realize the conflict between the high speed and the low efficiency of it. in this paper, it ' s analyzed that there ' re five factors affecting the efficiency of housing finance, based on the basic situation of china as a developing country and according to some related theories of the western economics. the first one is the dual - track interest rate which presumes that price of housing credit financing is under the control of government to a certain extent, and the rest is open
因此，本文從我國作為一個發展中國家? ?這一基本國情出發，以西方經濟學中有關理論為依據，分析影響我國住房金融效率的因素主要包括：利率雙軌，即一部分住房信貸資金價格受到政府的管制，而另一部分住房信貸資金價格則是開放的；住房金融機構產權不清，特別是政策性住房金融機構產權不清而導致金融創新動力不足，金融工具品種單一，不能滿足居民需求多樣化的要求；住房信貸中由於較高的交易費用，而使內耗偏高、效率降低；住房金融機構不健全，既不存在真正的住房金融機構又缺乏相應的擔保機構；此外，住房金融中融資機制不完備，長期信貸資金來源不足與資產負債的期限結構不匹配也是影響住房金融效率的一個主要因素。For the purpose of enhancing financial efficiency, improving international competitiveness, satisfying " non - balance sheet " financing demand, exploring new growth space for foreign investment, meeting the capital needs on infrastructure during the " tenth five " period, china needs asset securitization. however, the restrains on technological, environmental and institutional sectors make great difficulties in applying and operating asset securitization financing in china in the short run
首先，文章從實現帕累托最優的金融效率、加強入世后中國金融業的國際競爭力、滿足企業「非公司負債型」融資管理的需求、挖掘中國利用外資的新增長點、符合「十五」期間基礎設施建設規劃的客觀需要等五大方面，客觀具體地分析了中國開展資產證券化融資的必要性。分享友人