雲相圖 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [yúnxiāngtú]
雲相圖
英文
cloud-phase chart-
On the diagram, propagation is manifested as a coherent line of cloudiness sloping in one direction or another
在這張圖上，傳播表現為向某一方向傾斜的相互密合的雲帶的形成。Among them the gray level co - occurrence matrix ( glcm ) and gray gradient co - occurrence matrix ( ggcm ) methods, which attributed to the statistic textural analysis scheme were then chosen to extract the textural features of five kind areas on satellite images. in the second part the principle of classification and bp neural network were introduced. combined with textural features, the improved bp neural network successfully performed on the classification of the satellite images
論文的第一部分介紹了進行紋理特徵研究的一些典型的方法，利用其中的基於統計的紋理分析法中的灰度共生矩陣以及灰度一梯度共生矩陣法，分析了衛星雲圖上五類區域的紋理特性；第二部分主要介紹了遙感圖像分類原理以及神經網路中的bp演算法，在對演算法原理進行深入理解的基礎上，把紋理特徵與神經網路進行組合，實現對衛星雲圖進行分類分析；第三部分內容是在前面圖像分類結果的基礎上，對序列圖像用相關匹配法進行運動分析，反演雲跡風風場。The simulative cloud image, made from the mixing ratios of cloud liquid water, rain water, ice crystal, snow, graupel which were outputted by the mesoscale model mm5, resemble the gms satellite infrared image very well and also show the cloud evolution of typhoon winnie from tropical cyclone to extratropical cyclone after landing
利用高解析度中尺度數值模式輸出的大氣中雲水冰水雨水雪水成功地模擬出1997年登陸臺風winnie的雲系結構。模擬雲圖與氣象衛星實際觀測的臺風雲圖非常相似。由於模擬雲圖可以給出大氣中不同形態水物質的三維空間分佈，彌補了衛星只能觀測雲頂表面的不足。A comparison between microphysical characteristics derived from 3 - d cloud model and the results from trmm tmi and pr products show that the selected cloud model gives a relatively realistic hydrometeor profiles
由三維雲模式得到的微物理特徵與由微波圖像儀tmi和pr產品提供的結果之間的對比表明，所選用的雲模式能夠給出相對真實的水汽凝結體廓線。3d - image of cloud has a great advantage in weather forecast over 2d - image of cloud. in this background, this paper studies the 3d - visualization of cloud based on infrared nephogram of satellite. the main content is as follows : 1
三維化衛星雲圖的優點是顯而易見的，同二維雲圖相比，比較明顯地顯示整個大氣空間雲團的分佈及結構，增強不同層次的對比度，因而更易分辨出大氣系統，可以為大氣預報提供直觀的依據。Abstract : soil incubation experiments were conducted in lab to delineate the effect of soil temperature and soil water content on soil respirations in broad - leaved / korean pine forest ( mountain dark brown forest soil ), dark coniferous forest ( mountain brown coniferous forest soil ) and erman ' s birch forest ( mountain soddy forest soil ) in changbai mountain in september 2001. the soil water content was adjusted to five different levels ( 9, 21, 30, 37 and 43 ) by adding certain amount of water into the soil cylinders, and the soil sample was incubated at 0, 5, 15, 25 and 35 for 24 h the results indicated that in broad - leaved / korean pine forest the soil respiration rate was positively correlated to soil temperature from 0 to 35. soil respiration rate increased with increase of soil water content within the limits of 21 to 37, while it decreased with soil water content when water content was over the range. the result suggested the interactive effects of temperature and water content on soil respiration. there were significant differences in soil respiration among the various forest types. the soil respiration rate was highest in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, middle in erman ' s birch forest and the lowest in dark coniferous forest. the optimal soil temperature and soil water content for soil respiration was 35 and 37 in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, 25 and 21 in dark coniferous forest, and 35 and 37 in erman ' s birch forest. because the forests of broad - leaved / korean pine, dark coniferous and erman ' s birch are distributed at different altitudes, the soil temperature had 4 - 5 variation in different forest types during the same period. thus, the soil respiration rates measured in brown pine mountain soil were lower than those in dark brown forest and those measured in mountain grass forest soil were higher than those in brown pine mountain soil
文摘:為了研究土壤溫度和土壤含水量對闊葉紅松林（山地暗棕壤） 、雲冷杉暗針葉林（山地棕針葉林土壤）和岳樺林（生草森林土）的土壤呼吸的影響，於2001年9月在長白山進行了土壤實驗.利用增加土壤樣柱的含水量，將土壤含水量分為9 ， 、 21 、 30 、 37和43 5個等級，土壤樣品分別在0 、 5 、 15 、 25和35的溫度下保持24小時.闊葉紅松林土壤在0 （ 35范圍內，土壤呼吸速率與溫度呈正相關.在一定的含水量范圍內（ 21 （ 37 ） ，土壤呼吸隨含水量的增加而升高，當含水量超出該范圍，土壤呼吸速率則隨含水量的變化而降低.土壤溫度和水分對土壤呼吸作用存在明顯的交互作用.不同森林類型土壤呼吸作用強弱存在顯著差異，大小順序為闊葉紅松林>岳樺林>雲冷杉暗針葉林.紅松闊葉林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是土壤溫度35 ，含水量37 ;雲冷杉暗針葉林下的山地棕色針葉土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是25 ， 21 ;岳樺林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是35 ，含水量37 .但是，由於長白山闊葉紅松林，雲冷杉林和岳樺林處在不同的海拔帶上，同期不同森林類型土壤溫度各不相同，相差4 ~ 5 ，所以野外所測的同期的山地棕色針葉林土呼吸速率應低於暗棕色森林土呼吸速率，山地生草森林土呼吸速率應高於山地棕色針葉林土的呼吸速率.圖2表1參25Soil incubation experiments were conducted in lab to delineate the effect of soil temperature and soil water content on soil respirations in broad - leaved / korean pine forest ( mountain dark brown forest soil ), dark coniferous forest ( mountain brown coniferous forest soil ) and ermans birch forest ( mountain soddy forest soil ) in changbai mountain in september 2001. the soil water content was adjusted to five different levels ( 9, 21, 30, 37 and 43 ) by adding certain amount of water into the soil cylinders, and the soil sample was incubated at 0, 5, 15, 25 and 35 for 24 h the results indicated that in broad - leaved / korean pine forest the soil respiration rate was positively correlated to soil temperature from 0 to 35. soil respiration rate increased with increase of soil water content within the limits of 21 to 37, while it decreased with soil water content when water content was over the range. the result suggested the interactive effects of temperature and water content on soil respiration. there were significant differences in soil respiration among the various forest types. the soil respiration rate was highest in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, middle in ermans birch forest and the lowest in dark coniferous forest. the optimal soil temperature and soil water content for soil respiration was 35 and 37 in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, 25 and 21 in dark coniferous forest, and 35 and 37 in ermans birch forest. because the forests of broad - leaved / korean pine, dark coniferous and ermans birch are distributed at different altitudes, the soil temperature had 4 - 5 variation in different forest types during the same period. thus, the soil respiration rates measured in brown pine mountain soil were lower than those in dark brown forest and those measured in mountain grass forest soil were higher than those in brown pine mountain soil
為了研究土壤溫度和土壤含水量對闊葉紅松林（山地暗棕壤） 、雲冷杉暗針葉林（山地棕針葉林土壤）和岳樺林（生草森林土）的土壤呼吸的影響，於2001年9月在長白山進行了土壤實驗.利用增加土壤樣柱的含水量，將土壤含水量分為9 ， 、 21 、 30 、 37和43 5個等級，土壤樣品分別在0 、 5 、 15 、 25和35的溫度下保持24小時.闊葉紅松林土壤在0 （ 35范圍內，土壤呼吸速率與溫度呈正相關.在一定的含水量范圍內（ 21 （ 37 ） ，土壤呼吸隨含水量的增加而升高，當含水量超出該范圍，土壤呼吸速率則隨含水量的變化而降低.土壤溫度和水分對土壤呼吸作用存在明顯的交互作用.不同森林類型土壤呼吸作用強弱存在顯著差異，大小順序為闊葉紅松林>岳樺林>雲冷杉暗針葉林.紅松闊葉林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是土壤溫度35 ，含水量37 ;雲冷杉暗針葉林下的山地棕色針葉土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是25 ， 21 ;岳樺林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是35 ，含水量37 .但是，由於長白山闊葉紅松林，雲冷杉林和岳樺林處在不同的海拔帶上，同期不同森林類型土壤溫度各不相同，相差4 ~ 5 ，所以野外所測的同期的山地棕色針葉林土呼吸速率應低於暗棕色森林土呼吸速率，山地生草森林土呼吸速率應高於山地棕色針葉林土的呼吸速率.圖2表1參25As they operate at a distance closer to the earth, they are only capable of taking cloud images of a limited area of the earth each time
由於較接近地球，它們每次只能拍攝到有限區域的雲圖。相對地球同步氣象衛星，極地軌道氣象衛星圖像的數目較少，范圍亦較小。( 5 ) parameterization of infrared satellite cloud imagery and its application in rainfall predication obvious correlation exist between the probability of rain and parameterization estimate such as average brightness temperature ( tb ), brightness temperature variance ( f ), equivalent cloudage ( cn ), brightness temperature area index ( al - the first a5 - the fifth grade, a6 - the sixth grade )
（ 5 ）衛星雲圖參數化及在降雨預測中的應用紅外衛星雲圖參數化估計值，與局地降雨過程的發生、發展具有較為密切的關系。相關較密切的參數有平均亮溫、亮溫方差、等效雲量、亮溫面積指數（ 1級、 5級、 6級） 。The cloud detection results are also compared with control masks that are created by visual inspections. in case the multi - day clear - sky composition is contaminated by cloud cover, it adds the chance of clear score failure. in case the multi - day clear - sky composition there is no snow cover, but in the same area at the image for detection there is snow, it also adds the chance of clear score failure
用表觀反射率法對gms5雲圖進行雲檢測，如果晴空合成圖某區域有雲覆蓋，則易將被檢測的雲圖相應區域的雲誤判成地表，如果某個區域的晴空合成圖沒有雪覆蓋，而被檢測雲圖該區域有雪覆蓋，則必將雪誤判成雲。This paper combines the critical rainfall in the typical areas of yunnan province, and carries on the analysis to the critical rainfall situation, and carries on a research to the variety regulation of the critical rainfall of the mountain flood disasters in yunnan province by the application of spacial variogram theory, and the kringing of spacial gridding methods, the inverse distance to a power method, the radial basis function method, and then draws up each isoline maps
採用空間變異理論，應用克里金空間插值分析法、反距離加權插值法、徑向基函數插值法對雲南省山洪災害典型區的臨界雨量的情況進行對比分析，對其變化規律進行研究，並繪制相應等值線圖。Ecological features, function indicators and social - human impact together constitute the fundermental system of regional ecosystem health assessment. haxi forestry center is located in tianzhu of gansu province. in view of the natural conditions, land use type and forest map, we classify the research area into 15 landscape types
甘肅天祝縣哈溪林區位於祁連山東段，依據哈溪林區的自然條件、土地類型和林相圖，將研究區劃分為苗圃，未成林地，宜林地，農田，牧草地，荒地，青海雲杉林，祁連圓柏，針葉混交林，楊類闊葉林，紅樺、榆、山楊硬闊林，針闊混交林、灌木林、疏林地和闊葉混交林等15種景觀類型。Firstly, the system is divided into many modules according to different point of view ; secondly, to the hardware equipment - vidicon, lenses, revolver, shield and decode device, their principle of work has been explained ; thirdly, according to image identification experience and other indexes of the system, the focus of the lenses and relative aperture are calculated, and the type of the camera is confirmed, at the same time, the energy of infrared lamp is also computed in the thesis ; at the same time, synthesis control box is devised
首先，按照角度的不同，將系統劃分成許多模塊。其次，對硬體設備? ?攝像機，鏡頭，雲臺，防護罩，解碼器等的工作原理進行了闡述，再次，以人的成像辨認的經驗判據為依據，結合系統的其它指標，設計計算出鏡頭的焦距f 、相對孔徑d ，同時確定攝像機的型號，並計算出紅外燈光源。最後，對綜合控制箱進行設計，指出了設計的意義，實現的功能，並附上了綜合控制箱的外形圖。The morphology of single cell and the ultrastructure of cell membrane were observed. by means of afm, the ultra - thin sections of murine es cells were investigated in order to make afm capable of gaining the information of the inner structure of cells. in addition, the morphological changes and damaging effect of trichosanthin ( tcs ) on red blood cell ( rbc ) membrane were observed by afm
對原子力顯微鏡（ atomicforcemicroscope ， afm ）的成像技術進行了多方面探索；用afm研究膠原蛋白分子在雲母表面的吸附和自組裝行為；對小鼠胚胎幹細胞和人血紅細胞進行afm成像，觀測單個細胞的形態以及細胞膜的微觀結構；利用afm得到了小鼠胚胎幹細胞超薄切片的高解析度圖像，探索用afm研究細胞內部結構，拓展其應用領域；天花粉蛋白（ tcs ）和紅細胞的相互作用，利用afm觀察到天花粉蛋白（ tcs ）和紅細胞相互作用前後紅細胞膜超微結構的變化，據此討論了二者的作用機理。In this paper we also discuss the relationship between the total net radiation from 08 to 17 and the total solar radiation retrieved from the satellite visible picture at the same time interval. the result reveal the total surface net radiation is evidently reverse to the total solar radiation, the correlation coefficient of one station is high to 0. 9. but tianjin is exceptional, the total surface net radiation is correlative to the total infrared radiation
同時探討了08 - 17時總地表凈輻射與衛星紅外和可見光數字雲圖反演的輻射能量的關系，研究表明08 - 17時總地表凈輻射與衛星可見光反演得到的地氣系統反射的08 - 17時各時刻的和反相關顯著，個別站點相關系數達0 . 9以上，但也有一例外，天津站08 - 17時總地表凈輻射與地氣系統發射的紅外輻射相關顯著。The result was used to adjust relative humidity and to enhance the ability of mm5 mesoscale modeling system to produce accurate forecast of precipitation. we define the air condition includes 5 kinds : the clear sky, semitransparent or fractional cloud, high cloud and low cloud and middle cloud. in this process, we present the method development for the generation of cloud based on gms - 5 images. mm5 ( fifth - generation perm. state / near mesoscale model ) output will be extensively used for the off - line computation of dynamic changeable mutispectral thresholds in order to adapt to variable weather using statistical regressive relations produced by optimal regressive analysis
基於常規地面觀測資料，將天空狀況分為晴空、半透明雲或碎雲、高雲、中雲和低雲5種情況，用最優回歸分析法對mm5模式的三維要素場和常規地面觀測資料進行統計分析，得出雲判別和雲分類的衛星雲圖多譜閾值的統計關系統計回歸判別方程，對衛星雲圖進行雲判別和雲分類，據此得出mm5中尺度數值模式初始場各點的雲分佈，並對模式初始場的相對濕度進行調整，以達到改善中尺度數值預報模式預報結果的目的。Numerical experiments results on modeling the rainfall, show that : l ) the rainfall field modeled is improved and much similar to real rain field when tbb data is assimiliated into initial fields
同化模擬試驗結果表明，衛星雲圖資料同化后模擬預報的降水場結果有了相當程度的改善，預報的強降水與實況比較接近。Above all, i must thank my colleagues in the film archive for their cooperation and coordination. in particular, i must thank mr stephen teo, the english translator, and my assistants, ms agnes lam, ms may ng, and ms kwok ching - ling, for their tireless work. in addition, i had a corps of colleagues that helped in writing, proofreading, crosschecking data, preparing captions, and selecting stills, etc. they include ms janice chow, ms monique shiu, mr chris tsang, mr isaac leung, ms june tse, ms angela tong, ms priscilla chan, ms zoe tang, mr tsang hin - koon, mr wallace kwong, ms yuen tsz - ying, ms teri chan, ms janet young, ms kimmy so, ms edith lee, ms to siu - tip, mr victor ha, ms karen so, mr leung man, mr abdool ramjahn, ms angel shing, ms irene leung, mr elvis leung, ms winnie sum, ms lee chun - wai, ms tong ka - wai and ms siu man - wai
香港影片大全第三卷得以順利出版，實有賴資料館全體同事在各方面的配合，特別得感謝英文翻譯張建德先生助理編輯林慧賢小姐吳君玉小姐及郭靜寧小姐孜孜不倦的工作態度此外還有協助撮寫校對考證資料處理相片及撰寫圖片說明等工作的同事，包括周荔嬈小姐邵寶珠小姐曾運球先生梁海雲先生謝昭鐳小姐唐詠詩小姐陳彩玉小姐鄧慧恩小姐曾憲冠先生鄺修華先生阮紫瑩小姐陳德蕙小姐楊可欣小姐蘇倩婷小姐李越英小姐塗小蝶小姐夏威達先生蘇芷瑩小姐梁文先生林英祺先生盛安琪小姐梁思敏小姐梁渭能先生岑麗萍小姐李俊慧小姐唐嘉慧小姐蕭文慧小姐，本人在此一併致謝。By simulating mathematically on frequency and on space, we can find the average speed of space field and the average speed of frequency field that is weighted by amplitude, and analyse their relation, and analyse the meaning of space speed variance x and frequency speed variance v. in the fourth part, how to ensure the height of cloud is introduced, and basing on the theory of wind field continuity, the height updating quality controlling is introduced. in the fifth part, the system of cloud wind is introduced, we tracked cloud - motion of consecutive satellite images with one - minute interval by the 1 - d fourier analysis technique and the two - dim fourier analysis technique and the fft analysis technique, and dispose them with quality controlling. in the sixth part, we summarized our research and put up with shortages of this article
模擬模塊內各點的速度線性變化時，得到空間域平均速度以及頻率域以振幅為權重的平均速度，分析了空間域平均速度和頻率域以振幅為權重的平均速度的關系，並揭示空間域的平均速度的標準差_ x和頻率域的振幅為權重的平均速度的標準差_ v的意義，以及它們之間的關系；第四章介紹了雲跡風系統的高度指定以及風矢高度的劃分，並根據風場連續性原理，介紹了高度調整法的質量控制；第五章介紹導風系統的流程，選擇了三個時刻的ir雲圖，分別用一維傅立葉相位法、二維傅立葉相位法和快速傅立葉演算法計算一個風場個例，並對所得風場進行質量控制，並給出風場圖；第六章進行研究總結，指出不足和有待于進一步研究之處。Because of the problem of " sub - pixel motion ", it is difficult to deduce the accurate cloud motion winds ( cmw ) from high temporal resolution images by the maximum correlation technique
對于高時間解析度的雲圖序列，使用傳統的相關法導風時，產生「亞像素尺度位移」問題，導風效果很差。分享友人