電子交換作用 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [diànzijiāohuànzuòyòng]
電子交換作用 英文
electronic switching
  • 電 : Ⅰ名詞1 （有電荷存在和電荷變化的現象） electricity 2 （電報） telegram; cable Ⅱ動詞1 （觸電） give...
  • 子 : 子Ⅰ名詞1 （兒子） son 2 （人的通稱） person 3 （古代特指有學問的男人） ancient title of respect f...
  • 交 : Ⅰ動詞1 （把事物轉移給有關方面） hand over; give up; deliver 2 （到某一時辰或季節） reach （a cert...
  • 換 : 動詞1. （給人東西同時從他那裡取得別的東西） exchange; barter; trade 2. （變換; 更換） change 3. （兌換） exchange; cash
  • 用 : Ⅰ動詞1 （使用） use; employ; apply 2 （多用於否定: 需要） need 3 （敬辭: 吃; 喝） eat; drink Ⅱ名...
  • 電子 : [物理學] [電學] electron
  1. In this paper all kinds of fuel cell, the current research situation and working principle of proton exchange membrane fuel cell ( pemfc ) are outlined. mathematical models in relation to electrochemistry reaction and transfer process in direct methanol fuel cell ( dmfc ) are compared and analyzed. latest progress of membrane materials and instrument analysis technique in dmfc has also been described

    介紹了燃料電池的分類以及質子交換膜燃料電池（ pemfc ）的工作原理和研究現狀，並對直接甲醇燃料電池（ dmfc ）中有關電化學反應及傳遞過程的數學模型進行了比較和分析，描述了適用於dmfc的膜材料以及儀器分析技術的最新進展，認為直接甲醇燃料電池是目前較理想的燃料電池，有著廣闊的發展前景。
  2. Using the electric current cation and anoin exchange action, like l - ascorbic acid directly sends in the cell, the activation cell, the desalination pigment, the promotion collagen and the tension textile fiber regeneration increase skin organizes to guarantee the water ability, lets the skin tightly send smoothly has the elasticity, achieves the crystal clear beautiful skin effect

    利用電流正負離子的交換作用，如左旋c直接送入細胞中，活化細胞、淡化色素、促進膠原蛋白及彈力纖維的再生增加皮膚組織的保水能力，讓皮膚緊致光滑有彈性，達到晶瑩剔透的美膚效果。
  3. Determination method of standard operation exchange capacity of ion exchange resin used in water treatment of thermal power plant

    火力發電水處理用離子交換樹脂標準工作交換容量測定方法
  4. The membrane properties were found to be dependent upon the content of styrene. the membrane physic - chemical properties compare to nafion 117 except that their chemical stability has to be further improved to make them acceptable for practical use in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell. the proton transport through the membrane follows the " liquid - like " proton conductivity mechanism y and the water balance is important for the working condition of the fuel cell

    對磺化膜的研究分析表明：膜的性能參數如離子交換容量、吸水率、水合系數、形體穩定性、導電性能、化學與熱穩定性等依賴于膜中苯乙烯含量，且接枝苯乙烯相互間的位阻效應對膜性能影響很大；膜的性能可與nafion膜相比較；質子在膜中的傳導遵循「似液體」質子傳導機理；電滲析與擴散作用使膜保持水平衡。
  5. According the key factors we find, we bring forward a new conception : multilevel suppressor and design a new high performance suppressor whose ion - exchange membrane has bigger areas and using three electrodes including one cathode ( anode ) and two anodes ( cathode ), at the same time we fill the suppression compartment with one kind of ion exchange resin which has moderate exchange capacity. according to our experiment ' s results, we find the new type suppressor has quite high working current efficiency and suppressing capacity. in most cases, the suppressor ' s current efficiency is over 90 % ; the suppressor can transform the naoh ( concentration : 200mmol / l, flow rate : i. oml / min, conductance : over 10000 i - i s cm " ) to pure water ( conductance : 8. 9 it s cm in chapter 3, the high performance suppressor is applied in determination some trace - amounts ions in plating solution, sewage. in this chapter, we also have a research on the gradient ion chromatography

    第二章首先以xyz - 1型電化學抑制柱為例，分析了電化學抑制柱的抑制過程得出影響抑制容量的主要因素主要是抑制柱的電流效率和離子交換膜的極限電流密度，因此採用中等交換能力的離子交換樹脂作為抑制室的填料以提高電流效率，在通常情況下電流效率可達到90以上；在選用同種離子交換膜的前提下，可通過增加離子交換膜的有效面積達到提高極限電流的目的從而提高抑制柱的抑制容量，因此提出了多級抑制的概念並據此研製了共電極式高容量電化學抑制柱，該抑制柱最高可將流速為1 . 0ml / min ，濃度為200mmol / l電導率超過10000 s ? cm ~ （ - 1 ）氫氧化鈉溶液抑制為電導率低至8 . 9 s ? cm ~ （ - 1 ）的純水，並且具有穩定性高、分析結果準確等優點。
  6. Methanol fuel cell is a new type of energy conversion equipment based on proton exchange membrane fuel cell. it has been received widespread attention because it directly use methanol as fuel in fuel cell. at the same time, it has wide application in the future

    甲醇燃料電池是在質子交換膜燃料電池的基礎上發展起來的一種新型能量轉換裝置，由於直接將甲醇作為燃料電池的燃料，因而受到廣泛的關注，具有廣闊的應用前景，但是目前甲醇燃料電池的催化劑低的活性以及成本較高等問題限制了甲醇燃料電池的應用。
  7. For this purpose, 2, 5 - diaminobenzene sulphonic acid ( dabsa ) [ c6h3 ( nh2 ) 2so3h ] can be selected as one monomer of ip reaction. the other monomer can be trimesoyl chloride ( tmc ) [ c6h3 ( coc1 ) 3 ]. in order to introduce the cationic group into membrane, 4 - ( chloromethyl ) benzoyl chloride ( cmbc ) [ ch2c1c6h4 ( coc1 ) ] could be added into organic phase ( tmc ) and used for chemical modification after ip process based on the reaction between 4 - ( chloromethyl ) benzoyl chloride and trimethylamine ( tma )

    為了引入陽離子交換基團，本文採用2 ， 5 -二胺基苯磺酸作為界面聚合的無機相單體；為了引入陰離子交換基團，在均苯三甲酰氯有機相單體中加入一定量的4 -氯甲基苯酰氯，並考慮在無機相中加入適量的聚乙烯亞胺（ pei ）以增加其正荷電性。
  8. The second part tracks the technology of information security and electronic security protocol which is advanced nowadays and will be applied in later sectors. the third part analyses secure demands of e - business and design general system frame of secure electronic business. the forth part analyses data flow and transaction process in the systems of electronic payment based on set protocol and ssl protocol distinctly, then designs them. systems of electronic payment consist of four logic parts, including client side, payment server, payment gateway, which is designed in fifth part

    本文從應用的角度出發，通過跟蹤研究國內外先進的信息安全技術和安全電子交易協議，對支付型電子商務業務及其安全需求作了詳細的分析；分別設計了基於set協議和non ? set協議的電子支付交易流程及系統中各組成部分（包括客戶端軟體、支付服務器、支付網關）的基本功能模塊，能較好實現商家、顧客、企業、銀行之間的信息流、資金流的傳遞及安全保障；接著就電子支付系統實現過程中的信息交換和系統集成等方面的問題作了探討，並給出了基於j2ee和xml的解決原型。
  9. Feasibly experimental projects of fabricating buried waveguides by field - assisted ion - exchanged technology using this equipment were designed. used thermal ion - exchange and the silver film ion - exchange technology, the planar and channel waveguides were fabricated

    在實驗室允許的條件下，採用ag膜電場輔助離子交換和熔鹽離子交換法對鉺鐿共摻磷酸鹽玻璃平板波導和溝道波導進行了製作。
  10. With the existing condition, the bar waveguide on the lithium niobate wafer with liquid phase proton - exchanged method has been fabricated and the benzoic acid is used as the proton source. a series of research on the domain inversion in lithium niobate crystal with proton - exchanged method have been done. and then the operation and the process of domain inversion in lithium niobate crystal with proton - exchanged method has been used

    實驗方面，利用實驗室現有條件，在鈮酸鋰晶片上以苯甲酸為質子源，用液相質子交換法製作了條形波導;對用質子交換法實現鈮酸鋰晶體疇反轉進行了一系列實驗研究，在此基礎上提出了質子交換法實現鈮酸鋰晶體疇反轉的工藝過程，實現了疇反轉並腐蝕得到了v型槽;設計製作了帶尾纖的電光相位調制器，最後進行封裝。
  11. The tests of e - o applications by our flux ktp has been realized, the results showed : optical waveguides fabricated by using an ion - exchange process, which have an exchange - ion concentration depth profile and refractive - index profile, is close to a complementary error - function distribution, optical homogeneity and device thermal stability is much better. amplitude modulation switch formed by our flux ktp has the contrast ratio of 150 : 1 and insert loss is 2. 5 % at 1064 nm. high quality optical pulse with 1 ns width was cut successfully by using an e - o modulator from a laser pulse with 50 ns width, this modulator had run for three years, and the crystal did n ' t blackened, it showed our low conductivity flux ktp can endure high modulation voltage for a very long time

    Ktp晶體的電光應用試驗表明：用離子交換法製作的電光波導，其離子交換濃度、折射率變化符合餘弦誤差函數，光學均勻性以及器件的溫度穩定性較好；製作的強度調制電光開關，消光比為150 ： 1 ，對1064nm激光的插入損耗為2 . 5 ；製作的電光調制器用於激光脈沖整形試驗，從脈沖寬度50ns的激光脈沖削出脈寬1ns的高質量光脈沖，該電光開關經過長達三年多的使用，沒有出現晶體變黑現象，說明本實驗的低電導率ktp晶體能夠耐受長時間的調制電壓。
  12. Every electron, photon and other elementary particle stores bits of data, and every time two such particles interact, those bits are transformed

    每一個電子、光子和其他基本粒子都儲存著數據資料，每當兩個粒子交互作用時，這些資訊位元便會轉換。
  13. Silver film electro - migration ion exchanged technology has been designed to make optical waveguide

    實驗上採用銀膜電場輔助離子交換方法製作玻璃波導。
  14. Based on the three elementary business models such as e - shopping, contract signing and receipt for e - goods, the aim of this project is to design, implement and deploy the middleware components such as secure exchange component and user authentication and access control component, which accord with j2ee and corba architecture

    它以常見的交易活動如電子購物、合同簽定、電子簽收作為基本交換模型，為不同應用系統提供具有符合j2ee和corba體系規范的安全交換組件、用戶認證及入口控制組件。
  15. The evolution of the local spin in a molecular magnet peg and [ mn4 ] 2 interacting with an injected electron is studied, we find that the variation in the magnetization of fe8, [ mn4 ] 2 and the electron spin crucially depends on the strength of the exchange interaction. we calculate the time evolution of the entanglement between the injected electron and fe8, [ mn4 ] 2

    在磁性分子fe _ 8和[ mn4 ] _ 2的自旋動力學和糾纏演化的研究中，我們發現糾纏度隨著時間而改變；自旋和糾纏度的振動幅度強烈依靠于交換作用，結果提供了用分子磁體和極化電子進行編碼和讀出數據的可能性。
  16. E - government construction especially stresses standardization and interchange. the electronic document interchange becomes the most important medium in the contact and communication among governmental offices due to its important role in the governmental office. in the early stage of edi, the expensive special network must be adopted and the specific hardware and software must be purchased while considering the data security and its transmission

    早期的電子資料交換作業在考慮到資料的安全性與傳送速度因素下，需採用成本高昂的專用網路，並購置特殊的軟硬體設備，才能構建一個完整的電子資料交換系統，這樣的電子資料交換機制實現和使用成本非常昂貴，而且用來進行交換的資料格式相當復雜不具彈性。
  17. The changes of electron and nucleus exchange frequency along with external field in the coupled quantum dot, especially with magnetic field and the horizontal electric field has been given

    我們還計算了在外加場，特別是垂直磁場和水平磁場作用下，電子交換頻率、核子交換頻率。
  18. In this research, we realize a electronic document interchange system using former framework, we make use of mvc as system " s architecture, this pattern can reduce code redundance and accelerate development

    在論文研究中，利用本架構，我們還實現了一個公文電子交換系統，本系統採用mvc模式作為系統架構，以減少代碼冗餘，加快開發速度。
  19. This framework can integrate document management system with electronic document interchange, document interchange can be executed in the document management system, this framework not only can reduce labour cost and document error, but also can improve document mamagement efficiency, realize handle official business without paper

    本架構可以實現公文管理系統與電子公文交換作業的集成，公文的電子交換可以在公文管理系統中完成，使用本架構可以有效的節省人工成本，減少公文建檔錯誤，提高公文處理效率，實現公文無紙化傳遞。
  20. The provisions of article 8 para. 1 hereof shall not apply to copies of electronically exchanged confidential information made as a matter of routine information technology backup and to confidential information or copies thereof which must be stored by the receiving party or its advisers according to provisions of mandatory law, provided that such confidential information or copies thereof shall be subject to an indefinite confidentiality obligation ac - cording to the terms and conditions set forth herein

    如果該機密信息或者相應副本依照此中所述的條款和條件，而受到什麼不確定的保密義務影響的話，則第八條第1段的條款不適用於已經被作為是日常技術支持用的電子交換機密信息副本，也不適用於必須由接收方或其顧問依據強制性法律存儲的機密信息副本。
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