Using cd, cu, zn and cr as experimental toxicants and crucian as experimental creature, we employed the environmental biotechniques ( flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, the method of improved pyrogallol autoxidation and electron microscopy ) to study the acute toxicity and secure concentrations of heavy metals to crucian ; the accumulation and distribution of mixed heavy metals to fingling crucian ; the activities of superoxide dismutase ( sod ) of gill and liver tissues and the hispathological and ultrastructural change of superfine structure of liver and kidney of crucian after cadmium exposure. through which, we intended to fully and systemically study the toxic influence of heavy metals to fish, and preliminarily discuss the influence of heavy metals pollution to the diversified level of fish such as individual, organ, tissue, cell and molecule. thus we tried to provide scientific evidence to establish preventative management measures, avoid and relieve the harm of heavy metals pollution to aquicolous ecosystem in time
隨后以這幾種重金屬作為實驗毒物，以鯽魚為實驗動物，應用環境生物技術、火焰原子吸收分光光度法、鄰苯三酚自氧化法、透射電鏡等技術研究了重金屬cu 、 zn 、 cd和cr對鯽魚的急性毒性及其安全濃度評價、混合重金屬在鯽魚幼體組織內的積累和分佈、 cd對鯽魚
鰓和肝臟中sod活性的影響、 cd對鯽魚肝細胞和腎細胞超微結構的影響等，全面和系統地研究了水環境中重金屬暴
露對魚類的毒性影響，初步探討了重金屬污染對魚類的個體? ?器官? ?組織? ?細胞? ?分子等各水平層次的影響，為制定漁業生產上預防性的管理措施提供科學依據，及時避免或減輕重金屬污染對水生生態系統造成的損害。
At the cadmium concentration of 2. 19mg / l and 4. 37mg / l, for 72h, the na + - k + - atpase activity of kidney tissues were decreased very significantly. the higher of the concentration of cadmium or the longer of the exposure the more the enzymic activity was decreased. the na + - k + - atpase activity of gill tissues were decreased but not significantly at the low concentratioin of cadmium
對na ~ + - k鍋離子對草魚魚種組織sod和atpase的影響及毒性研究atp酶的活性測定表明，與對照組相比， cd 》對草魚魚種
鰓和腎的na k atp酶活性均有抑制作用，這種抑制作用隨著暴
露時間的延長而加強。
Section : laboratory experiment was carried out to determine mercury accumulation in four organs that were gills, heart, hepatopancreas and gonad of freshwater crab sinopotamon yangtsekiense by using atomic absorption method
汞在長江華溪蟹四種器官的積累以體外暴
露的方式，採用還原氣化原子吸收的方法，測定了長江華溪蟹
鰓、心臟、肝胰腺和性腺中汞的積累情況。
Section : this paper dealed with the effects at different concentrations of hg2 + on the esterase isoenzyme ( est ) of the gill, heart, hepatopancreas and gonad in freshwater crab sinopotamon yangtsekiense by using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ( page ). the crabs were exposed one week. the concentrations of mercury were omg / l, 0. 0547 mg / l, 0. 1727 mg / l, 0. 5457 mg / l and 1. 7244mg / l
汞對長江華溪蟹四種器官酯酶同工酶的影響採用聚丙烯酰胺凝膠電泳的方法，以體外暴
露的方式，測定了長江華溪蟹
鰓、心臟、肝胰腺、性腺四種器官酯酶同工酶的變化。
Unlike other fish, it can remain out of water for a long time by breathing through its gills and skin
跟其他魚類不同，即使露出水面，仍能以魚鰓及皮膚呼吸，所以能長時間逗留在沒有水的地方。
