預估使費 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yùgūshǐbì]
預估使費 英文
pro forma disbursement
  • 預 : Ⅰ副詞（預先; 事先） in advance; beforehand Ⅱ動詞（參與） take part in
  • 估 : 估構詞成分。
  • 使 : Ⅰ動詞1 （派遣; 支使） send; tell sb to do sth : 使人去打聽消息 send sb to make inquiries2 （用; ...
  • 費 : Ⅰ名詞1 （費用） fee; expense; expenditure; dues; charge 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動詞（花費; 耗費） ...
  • 預估 : estimate
  1. Research method : the mckinsey global institute used an econometric approach to project income growth across different segments of china ' s population and to assess the implications for household spending in 18 major consumption categories

    調查方法：麥肯錫全球研究院使用計量經濟學的方法，對中國人口各個細分人群進行預測，並評估家庭支出對18個消費大類的影響。
  2. On the basis of collecting and processing many datum and materials. firstly. this paper analyzes main activities and cost constitutions of each stage of the life cycle of a fcs, and lay a foundation for later analysis and evaluation of system lcc. secondly, a basis method and usage range for estimating the system lcc are introduced. a multivariate linear regression model of pcs development cost and cost driven factor is built by use of the parametric method and supplies the base of cost estimation of newly - developed systems. thirdly, combine actual examples and make statistical analysis of lcc of a certain pcs developed by our institute, predict unhappened usage and service cost with grey prediction method, obtain proportion of each constitute to the lcc. forthly, according to actual conditions, use the fuzzy theory to overall evaluate efficacy of the fcs, fifthly, combimng our actual conditions, investigate specific measures of how to implement the life cycle cost management in our institute and put forward a new conception of developing web - based flight control system lcc management information system with pdm as the platform. at last, investigate important factors such as reliability and maintainability that may affect the life cycle cost of the fcs in detail, and put forward specific methods of lowering the life cycle cost of the fcs

    論文在收集和整理大量資料的基礎上，首先深入分析了飛控系統壽命周期各階段的主要活動以及各階段的費用構成，為以後系統壽命周期費用的分析和評價奠定了基礎；其次，介紹了壽命周期費用估算的基本方法和使用范圍，並利用參數法建立了飛控系統研製費用與費用驅動因子的多元線性回歸模型，為新研系統的費用估算提供了依據；第三，結合實例對我所研製的某型飛控系統的壽命周期費用進行統計分析，運用灰色預測方法對未發生的使用及維修費用進行預測，得出了該系統的壽命周期費用以及各組成部分所佔比例；第四，根據實際情況，首次運用模糊理論對飛控系統的系統效能進行了綜合評價，構造了飛控系統系統效能模糊綜合評價模型；第五，結合我所實際，探討了如何在本單位實施加強壽命周期費用管理的具體措施，提出以pdm為平臺，開發基於web的飛控系統lcc管理信息系統的新構思；最後，對影響飛控系統壽命周期費用的重要因素如可靠性和維修性等進行了詳細地研究，提出了降低飛控系統壽命周期費用的具體方法。
  3. Statutory safety checks to be carried out in the interest of operator and equipment owner

    維修工作得以執行是依據諸如設備的使用時間及使用條件，損壞的原因等因素為標準，並總計出預估費用。
  4. Repairs to be carried out according to factory norms, taking into account pre - calculated values, such as age and condition of equipment, reasons for breakdown and preventive measures

    維修工作得以執行是依據諸如設備的使用時間及使用條件，損壞的原因等因素為標準，並總計出預估費用。
  5. According to the difference of the using characters of buildings, the heating system is divided into two categories, the continuous heating system and the intermittent heating system. to the intermittent heating system, it is essential to estimate accurately the preheat time. overestimation of preheat will cause unnecessary energy wastage whilst underestimation will lead to a loss of comfort conditions at the start of occupancy

    對預熱時間過分的估計（即tp的估計值大於實際值）會使在工作期未到來前房間的溫度已經達到了舒適溫度，這將導致燃料的浪費；反之，對預熱時間估計不足（即tp的估計值小於實際值）將使在工作期到來時房間的溫度還未達到舒適溫度，這使人覺得不舒適。
  6. In order to achieve this goal, this research will has the following four specific objectives : understanding the level of fish consumption in china and possible factors that affect the fish consumption ; developing a systematical modeling frameworks and complete demand system for food and fish demand study ; exploring the consumption behavior of both urban and rural consumers in china by estimating model of fish demand system and model of food demand system respectively, analyzing influence of various factors on the demand for fish and other foods quantitatively ; discussing the future change of aggregate amount and the structure of fish demand based on the result of the research, so as to provide basis for decision making in fishery production structure changes and rational utilization of fishery resources

    本項研究的總目標是探討影響水產品消費的各種因素，為預測未來水產品需求和生產結構調整提供依據。為達到這目標，本項研究分為以下四個內容：了解我國水產品消費水平和結構及其可能的影響因素；建立水產品需求系統模型；通過分別估計食物和水產品需求系統模型，探討我國城鄉居民消費行為，定量分析各種影響因素對水產品及其他食品需求的影響；根據研究結果，討論未來水產品需求總量和結構的變化，為優化漁業生產和合理使用漁業資源提供政策依據。
  7. The writer has used one special tool, neutral network to predict the sales of m china the year from1995 to 2005, the results align with data coming from the actual sales. the writer also predict the sales of m the year from 2006 to 2010, and adjust the sales channels including organization, man power and funds invested in different channel

    例如，公司根據對產品在各渠道銷售的預測數據來評估各渠道的潛力和銷售容量，合理分配資源和費用，使渠道管理者只能將公司所分配的資源和費用用於本渠道的建設和管理，杜絕渠道沖突的發生。
  8. By using the ar ( 1 ) process to describe the consumption stream in china, this paper re - estimates the welfare cost of business cycles and reduced growth. the main findings of this paper is the positive correlation between the welfare cost of business cycle and the ar ( 1 ) coefficient and the lower estimated costs compared to the case of i. i. d. disturbance

    使用一階自回歸隨機過程來描述中國的消費波動，並重新估算經濟波動福利成本和經濟增長福利成本，研究結果表明，經濟波動的福利成本和消費波動的可預測性是正相關的，並且在一階自回歸假設條件下計算出的福利成本略低於獨立同分佈情形。
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