預算編制方式 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yùsuànbiānzhìfāngshì]
預算編制方式 英文
presentation of budget
  • 預 : Ⅰ副詞（預先; 事先） in advance; beforehand Ⅱ動詞（參與） take part in
  • 算 : Ⅰ動詞1 （計算數目） calculate; reckon; compute; figure 2 （計算進去） include; count 3 （謀劃;計...
  • 編 : Ⅰ動詞1 （編織） weave; plait; braid 2 （組織; 排列） make a list; arrange in a list; organize; gr...
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  • 方 : Ⅰ名詞1 （方形; 方體） square 2 [數學] （乘方） involution; power 3 （方向） direction 4 （方面） ...
  • 式 : 名詞1 （樣式） type; style 2 （格式） pattern; form 3 （儀式; 典禮） ceremony; ritual 4 （自然科...
  • 預算 : budget1991
  • 編制 : 1 （組織機構的設置及其人員數量的定額和職務的分配） authorized strength; formation; establishment;...
  • 方式 : way; fashion; pattern
  1. But as a kind of mature management system, it has n ' t been applied successfully in most of chinese companies. the reasons of that include misunderstanding of science property of overall budget management 、 unfit budget management organization 、 lack of scientific management methods, and another important reason is that most of companies use the traditional building method of budget management system. the traditional building method based on the company ' s existing department functions, keeping the existing management process and work process fixedness, and expressing the department ' s work plan in quantity or currency form as their budget

    然而全面預算管理作為一項比較成熟的管理體系，在我國大部分企業卻並沒有得到很好的實施，這其中固然有對全面預算管理科學性認識不足、預算編制工作的組織不到位、缺乏科學的預算管理手段和控制手段等原因外，另一個重要原因是大部分企業在構建全面預算管理體系時使用的是傳統的構建方法，即基於企業現有的部門職能劃分而進行的，在保持作業流程和管理流程不變的情況下，將部門工作計劃以貨幣或數量的方式表示出來，即成為公司預算。
  2. Second chapter analyzes the past, present and future of budgeting management by considering budgeting management as a research subject of futurology. the mistakes that overthrowing all planned management measures including budgeting management during the transition from planned economy to market economy are corrected ; linked with the survey about the situation and effect of implementing budgeting management in chinese enterprises by nanjing university, this chapter briefly analyzes the recent situation and problems of budgeting management in china in the aspects of thinking, budgeting plan and budgeting execution ; then, some ideas for the development of budgeting management are mentioned

    第二部分把預算管理作為未來學的一個研究對象，分析了預算管理的過去、現在和未來。糾正了過去由於計劃經濟體制的影響，而將預算管理這種計劃管理形式一併否定的情況；結合南京大學關於我國企業實行預算管理的現狀及其作用的調查，從思想認識、預算編制和預算執行三方面簡要分析了我國預算管理的現狀及問題；然後提出了一些預算管理未來發展中應有的理念。
  3. Based on the budget setting process, the enterprise budget can be divided into imposed budget and participative budget, which both have its own virtue and deficiencies. the business can choose the appropriate method, complied with such factors as its own operation character, market environment, and target level of budget. according to budget preparative method, the enterprise budget can also be divided into fixed budget, flexible budget, probabilistic budget, rolling budget, and zero - based budget, etc. different methods apply to budgeting of different demand and content, which make choices diversified

    根據預算編制的程序企業預算可分為參與性預算和強加性預算，兩種方式的預算各有優缺點，企業應根據自身生產經營特點、所處的市場環境、預算的目標層次等各方面因素來選擇適合於自己的方式；根據預算編制的方法，企業預算分為固定預算、彈性預算、概率預算、滾動預算、零基預算等。
  4. Since the reform, budget accounting system have been revised many times however, with the development of socialist market economy system, the budget accounting environment is changing rapidly, government turn to offer public product and adjust market ; the range of the financial revenue and expenditure are diversified, the user of governmental accounting information expand constantly, the requisition of the governmental accounting information improves etc. it is inevitable for the revolution of budget accounting to enhance our government performance and establish modern government managerial system. we should draw lessons from international reform experiences and take the china - style road - the " stage - by - stage - going " way of the reformation

    但是，隨著社會主義市場經濟體制的發展，我國預算會計環境正在發生重要的變化：政府和市場在社會經濟運行中的分工逐步明晰；政府職能重點轉向公共品提供和宏觀調控；財政收支的內容和形式更加多樣化；近年實行的部門預算編制、國庫集中收付制度和政府采購制度等預算管理制度方面的改革；事業單位資金來源渠道多元化和經營性業務的增加；政府會計信息使用者的范圍不斷擴大，對政府會計信息的內容和質量的要求不斷提高等。
  5. Drawing on the internationally adopted budgeting method, the pla reformed its budgeting form, method and content extensively, with emphasis placed on implementation of the zero - base budget method, so as to give full play to the budget ' s macro - control role and gradually establish a new budgeting pattern featuring the concentration of financial power and resources, scientific distribution of military expenditures, concrete and transparent itemization, and tight supervision and control

    借鑒國際上通行的預算方法，全面改革軍隊預算編制形式、方法和內容，重點推行零基預算等方法，以充分發揮預算的宏觀調控作用，逐步建立起財權財力集中、軍費分配科學、項目具體透明、監督制約嚴密的預算新模式。
  6. First, induce accounting information lose true of ten kinds of concrete manifestations ; the next in order, from deliver the mistake information, mislead the economic behavior and injure everyone ' s benefits, cause the business enterprise loss in business, disturb the economic order, induct the economy crime, weaken the authority of the national finance and economics law and discipline and cause the budgetary establishment in receipt and expenditure in national or local public finance appear the direction mistake to wait five bane for expatiating accounting information losing really to the actuality livings

    首先，歸納了會計信息失真的十種具體表現形式；其次，從傳遞錯誤信息，誤導經濟行為、損害各方利益，導致企業虧損、擾亂經濟秩序，誘發經濟犯罪、削弱國家財經法紀的權威性、導致國家或地方財政收支預算的編制出現方向性錯誤等五個方面闡述了會計信息失真對現實生活的危害。
  7. As a result, the studying aim of this paper is to establish a practical and complete system for the prediction of ship maneuvering motion, taking into account of the influence of the environmental factors, such as the wind, wave and current, establish a practical and complete system for the prediction of ship maneuvering motion. in this paper, the opengl virtual reality simulation technique is introduced into the field of ship maneuver and control, and using the mmg mathematical model, the three dimensional dynamic simulation system of the ship motion is established and good results are achieved. in the process of the system development, firstly, the maneuvering motion equations for ship in the still water are established, based on the mmg module mathematical model and serial experimental result

    在系統開發過程中，首先採用mmg分離式數學模型及相關的系列化試驗結果，建立單槳單舵海洋運輸船舶在靜水中的船舶操縱運動方程，並編制計算程序，經與試驗結果比較，證實了計算結果的正確性;為了解mmg數學模型中模型參數變化對操縱性指數的影響程度，作者在上述已有程序基礎上，對有關模型參數進行偏移修正，探討了相應參數變化后的操縱性指數，對船舶操縱性指數對模型參數的靈敏度進行了詳細的分析與探討，所得結論與工程實際相吻合，具有實際應用價值，並為進一步提高船舶操縱性預報的精度打下了基礎;然後，在已有的船舶靜水操縱運動模型基礎上，考慮雙槳雙舵的影響，建立了內河雙槳雙舵船舶的操縱運動模型;最後，綜合考慮風浪流作用力的影響，進行了船舶的操縱運動模擬計算。
  8. In the simulation work, one 1. 5kw and one 18kw induction motors ? control system were simulated and two simplified control scheme were proposed. when developing the program in tms320f240 dsp, this paper solved two practical problems : the finite - length effect and dc bias effect. finally, sensorless control system based on adaptive filter theory are tested on the platform of 1. 5kw induction motor, the results show that the scheme ? performance is good

    在模擬過程中，針對1 . 5kw和18kw異步電機進行了模擬，並在此基礎上提出兩種簡化控制方式；在tms320f240的具體編程過程中，分別對自適應濾波器的有限字長效應、直流偏置效應等非理想因素進行了修正和補償；最後，在1 . 5kw微型異步電機上進行了轉矩閉環無速度傳感器實驗，實驗結果表明了演算法完全可以達到預期的目標。
  9. For these purposes, we research on the budgeting modes which started by profit and cost emphatically, towards both of the budgeting modes, by using the theorys and methods of forecasting and variety cvp, and by using the models of standard cost compute and unit cost adjusting based on bom / bop, we table two kinds of budget targets forecasting and calculating method systems, and design two kinds of budgeting flow, various methods and models we mention above make sure that the two modes are rational. based on the research of the two budgeting modes, we table the evaluation method of budget result data rationality and then we analyse the excuting and controlling manner of compositive budget system, later we teble a compositive budget excuting and controlling model

    基於以上目的，重點研究了以利潤和成本為起點的預算編制模式，針對兩種不同的模式，結合預測和多品種量本利分析的相關理論和方法，並利用基於bom / bop的標準成本計算與單位成本調整模型，分別給出了兩套不同的預算指標測算方法體系，設計了以利潤預算和成本預算為起點的預算編制流程，以上所用到的各種方法和模型保證了兩種模式的合理性。在研究兩種預算模式的基礎上，提出了綜合預算結果的合理性評價方法，並分析了綜合預算的執行與控制機制問題，給出了綜合預算的執行與控制模型。
  10. Local authorities and central department also attempt to seek the new pattern of budget management, such as adopting department budget ' s form, supplying zero - based budget in order to set up public finance

    如在預算編制形式上，採用部門預算；預算編制方法力圖真正落實建立公共財政目標，切實推行零基預算等。
  11. Being directed against the phenomenon, the thesis constructs the model of enterprise groups budgeting, and particularly expound the administration framework of enterprise groups budgeting, the proceduce of drawing up enterprise groups budgeting, the objectives planning of enterprise groups budgeting and the control process of enterprise groups budgeting

    針對上述現象，本文首先就我國企業集團預算管理的模式建立進行分析，具體的闡述了企業集團預算管理組織體系的構建，企業集團預算管理的編制，企業集團預算的執行、調整與控制等方面。
  12. Secondly, two carbon fiber reinforced composite beams were fabricated, and their modal frequencies were measured by an experiment method. thirdly, delaminations were modeled by pairs of nodes with the same coordinates but different node numbers, while the modal frequencies of these beams with different delamination location and size were computed by an eas piezoelectric solid element. moreover, a novel method combining computational mechanics and neural network was demonstrated for composite health monitoring ; the first five flexure modal frequencies obtained by fem were modified by a primary revising approach and were used to train the neural network

    本文較全面地評述了神經網路的應用模型、改進演算法等，編制了bp神經網路程序：制備了纖維增強復合材料試件，並進行實驗模態分析；利用坐標相同、節點號不同的方法模擬脫層損傷，基於eas列式的壓電固體單元計算了不同脫層損傷情況下的頻率信息；針對基於實驗數據訓練神經網路存在樣本不足的缺陷，本文提出了利用有限元方法對含有脫層損傷的復合材料試件進行數值模擬，以前五階彎曲模態頻率構建訓練樣本的新思路，並提出了一種初步的計算值修正方法，以此構建神經網路的訓練樣本：將實驗模態分析的結果送入訓練好的神經網路進行預測，實現了對復合材料梁的脫層損傷的定位和損傷程度的評估。
  13. The algorithm of sequencable mark and description of the object for crack automatic identification is presented by means of pre - image process. on basis of visual c + + 6. 0 developing environment, the software function of controlling of magnetic partical testing engine and the stepping - motor is realized in c + + and mfc with objected programming method. the automatic system of the camshaft of small diesel engines automatic magnetic partical testing is realized, which is the predicted goal that we would achieve

    用計算機控制磁粉探傷機和步進電機的工作；解決了jpeg圖象格式在windows系統中visualc + +編程環境下的壓縮轉換、顯示和處理的問題；結合數字圖象的預處理，提出了通過圖象分析自動識別裂紋的順序目標標記與描述演算法；基於visualc + + 6 . 0開發環境，用c + +語言和mfc類庫，採用面向對象的程序設計方法，用軟體實現了對磁粉探傷機和步進電機等硬體系統的自動控制功能；實現了柴油機凸輪軸熒光磁粉探傷系統的自動化，達到了預期的目標。
  14. The optimal models for calculating destruction effect from several accident modes are analyzed and illustrated ; it shows that the above analysis, forecast and flow chart, which are a qualitative method for the analysis of explosion source, can be well applied to judging the explosion source ' s character and its destruction effect in the accident modes, and provide an important basis for the calculation of explosion energy as well

    簡要分析了幾種事故模式破壞效應的最佳計算模型和應用實例，證明了所做的分析預測和編制的流程圖，可以很好地應用於判斷事故模式中爆炸源性質及其破壞效應，是對爆源的一個定性分析方法，同時為爆炸能量計算的重要依據。
  15. Therefore, the paper goes deep into these issues and puts forward some reformatory ideas, which aimed at the enterprise ' s poor knowledge of budget management, singleness and blindness in process, method and start point of b udget preparation, and specially the deficiencies in the queue principle of investment proposals

    針對企業對預算管理的認識不夠全面、具體選擇預算編制的程序、方法和起點模式時的單一性和盲目性，以及資本預算中的投資建議排隊理論的缺陷等問題，本文進行了研究探討，提出了改進建議。
  16. First, based on the analysis to the development condition of computer and property of the input data of bridge, this paper, taking convenience and practicability as principle, develops the multi passages data - in system made up with human - computer interactive interface and excel import model. second, after comparing and analyzing to the calculation theories and methods of creep and shrinkage, clearing up the key steps of creep and shrinkage analysis, the paper takes incremental method to establish program to analyze secondary inner force caused by creep and shrinkage. third, the paper puts some optimal or simplified treatment to the contents of pre - stress and develops relative program ; in addition, through analysis to the different methods used to calculate the secondary inner force caused by pre - stress, the paper combines equivalent load method with finite element, carries out some simplified treatments, and establishes program to calculate secondary inner force caused by pre - stress

    首先，在分析當前計算機的發展狀況及橋梁結構輸入數據特點的基礎上，以方便、實用為原則，採用人機交互界面和excel輸入方式聯合的多通道數據輸入系統；其次，通過比較分析徐變收縮計算的各種理論及方法，澄清了徐變收縮分析的關鍵過程，並採用增量法編製程序，實現徐變收縮次內力分析；再次，對預應力的相關計算內容進行適當優化或簡化處理，並編制相應程序；另外，本文還在比較預應力次內力各種計算方法的基礎上，將等效荷載法結合有限元進行一些簡化處理，編製程序實現預應力次內力的計算；最後以三個算例來校核計算方法及程序運行結果的可靠性，取得了預期效果。
  17. Power bond graph is used to established the bond graph model of the lifting and dropping of hydraulic pile hammer and state space equation in the paper for hydraulic pile hammer is perplexing nonlinear system. in order to attain the graph that pressure, position, velocity, acceleration vary with time in the course of driving pile simulation procedure solving state space equation is designed on the basis of combining four - order runge - kutta method with predicator - corrector method, dynamic simulation of the hydraulic system is studied in matlab 6. 5. it is convenient to analyse dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic syste m, beneficial to the design and parameter optimization of the hydraulic system. in the final part of the paper, under detailed analysis of the control characteristics for double - acting hydraulic pile hammer with double cylinders, control system based on the programmable logic controllers founded on technology of modern compute is designed

    由於液壓打樁錘液壓系統是一個復雜的非線性系統，本文採用功率鍵合圖法建立液壓打樁錘上行、下降的鍵合圖模型和狀態空間方程，通過四階龍格?庫塔法和預估?校正法相結合編制了模擬程序對狀態空間方程求解，在matlab6 . 5中進行液壓系統的動態模擬，獲得液壓打樁錘運動過程中壓力、位移、速度、加速度等隨時間變化的曲線圖。此曲線圖方便了對液壓系統動態特性分析，為液壓系統的設計和參數優化提供了有益的借鑒。最後，在深入分析雙缸雙作用液壓打樁錘控制系統的功能要求后，採用了以現代計算機技術為基礎的新型工業控制裝置? plc可編程式控制制器，設計出了雙缸雙作用液壓打樁錘的電器控制系統。
  18. With the development of visualization in scientific computing, visualization is widely applied in the analyzing of the engineering computing. adopting the method ( being made up of real time air pressure field data, the method for numerical wind forecasting and the method for numerical wave forecasting ) of wind wave forecasting this paper presents the system of wind wave forecasting and its visualization, which is relevant with the finite difference method, visualization part is the main work of this paper

    隨著科學計算可視化技術的發展，可視化在工程計算結果的分析中得到了廣泛的應用，本文應用由實時預報氣壓場資料、海上風的數值預報模式、風浪數值預報模式三者構成一種風浪預報方法，結合有限差分方法，編制了風浪預報可視化系統，其中可視化部分是本文的主要工作。
  19. Using geomodel 1. 0, users can ( 1 ) manage the database of geochemical data, ( 2 ) get atomic weights and molecular weights of minerals, ( 3 ) model geochemical reaction of the species in the database and, ( 4 ) obtain information about geochemistry and modeling theories. compared with analogous software, geomodel 1. 0 has followed characteristics : ( 1 ) employing database system instead of text files to save data, ( 2 ) introducing the conception of base species and using it in modeling, and ( 3 ) having a friendly and visual interface which is all in chinese

    和同類型的軟體相比較， geomodel1 . 0具有以下特點： （ 1 ）用數據庫而非文本的方式對地球化學反應參數進行管理； （ 2 ）引入基物種的概念進行地球化學反應模擬； （ 3 ）程序充分的利用計算機的智能特性，控制模擬流程，人為干預很少； （ 4 ）允許用戶對數據庫中的數據進行擴充和編輯； （ 5 ）具有簡單、明了的可視化中文界面。
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