點概算 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [diǎngàisuàn]
點概算 英文
point estimate
  • : Ⅰ名詞1 (液體的小滴) drop (of liquid) 2 (細小的痕跡) spot; dot; speck 3 (漢字的筆畫「、」)...
  • : Ⅰ名詞1 (大略) general outline 2 (神氣) manner of carrying and conducting oneself; deportment ...
  • : Ⅰ動詞1 (計算數目) calculate; reckon; compute; figure 2 (計算進去) include; count 3 (謀劃;計...
  • 概算 : financial estimates; budgetary estimate; approximate amount; rough calculation; general estimate...
  1. The thesis has summarized the development of the oblique - pull bridge, its construction technology and the importance of bridge construction control, then has introduced project general situation, and has narrated detailed regulation, organization construction, the major work and difficult part of this bridge construction control. the following is the key part of this thesis, firstly, it has introduced the experiment work of early stage, structural calculation and its theoretical result : the absolute altitude of each operating mode, the absolute altitude of building mould in each section and the absolute altitude after pouring concrete ; then, it has discussed the method and content of the line shape control of the main beam, actual absolute altitude of building mould is put forward, and it has described the method of structural stress monitoring, how to arrange measure point and collect data, and how to analyze data. it has also narrated the method of rope force detection and structural temperature inspection

    本論文在總結了斜拉橋的發展及其施工工藝,並指出了橋梁施工控制的重要性之後,簡要的介紹了工程況,敘述了炳草崗金沙江大橋監控細則、組織機構及監控的主要工作和難部分;論文的核心部分,在介紹了炳草崗金沙江大橋施工控制與監測工作的前期實驗工作和施工各工況標高、各節段支模標高、澆注混凝土后的標高的結構計和其理論計結果之後,詳細論述了主梁的標高線形控制方法和內容,實際支模標高的提出,結構應力監控的方法、布、測讀及其對測讀數據的合理分析方法,索力檢測和結構溫度監測的方法。
  2. And then facing the problem of the channel estimation of the adaptive modulation system, we conclude out the channel estimation algorithms on maximum likelihood ( ml ) estimation and maximum a posteriori ( map ) estimation under the condition of flat fading channel and selective fading channel in detail. to meet flat fading channel, we simulate the relationship of the ratio between the error covariance in map estimation and ml estimation and pilot symbol message length. the conclusion can be drawn from these results

    接著,對自適應調制系統中的通道估計問題難,詳細推導了平衰落通道條件下和選擇性衰落通道條件下最大似然( ml )估計和最大后驗率( map )估計演法,針對平衰落通道,我們模擬了map估計和ml估計的方差與導頻符號長度的關系,模擬結果表明,錯誤方差受多譜勒頻率的變化影響最大,並且對實際的自適應調制系統,導頻符號長度的取值超過20個符號長度時, map通道估計明顯優于ml通道估計。
  3. The second section described the accounting issues brought by cyber economy environment including the impact to the accounting suppose, accounting target, the content, the means, the process of accounting checking and the impact to the accounting information system. the third section described the ideas of the innovation of cyber economy environment emphases on the accounting business process reengineering, accounting information system innovation, assets affirmance, accounting settlement under the cyber economy environment. on basis of the third section, the fourth section analyzed the cyber accounting ' s origins, developme nt, characteristic and problems occurred in the development of the cyber accounting

    本文共分四章,第一章論述了網路經濟環境下會計環境的變遷,分析了網路經濟的產生與特述了電子商務及虛擬企業的特徵,並指出對企業的組織、生產、管理環境帶來的巨大變化;第二章闡述了網路經濟環境引發的會計問題,包括對會計假設、會計目標、會計核內容、方法、流程及會計信息系統的影響;第三章提出了對網路經濟環境下的會計創新的設想,重論述了網路經濟環境下的會計業務流程重組與會計信息系統的變革,網路經濟環境下的資產與會計確認,以及會計結等方面的創新設想;在第三章討論內容的基礎上,第四章具體分析了網路會計的產生、發展及特,並分析了網路會計發展過程中存在的主要問題,針對這些問題,提出了相應的對策。
  4. On this foundation the article inducts in detail the method which is based on the relative settlement of calculating unit area end support ( qb ) force at the same time considering the feature of pedestal pile ' s " arch effect " the article introduces conception of pile effective length and finally obtain t he formula of calculating man - made pipe with bulb - shaped axial carrying capacity. the article uses marc program to calculate and analyze foundation soil ' s stress and displacement and gets the change curve chart and the proportion that is shared by king - pipe side soil friction resistance and pipe end counterforce respectively. the article inducts the structure of pedestal in detail on the basis of generalizing pedestal application cases of many countries

    在此基礎上論文詳細歸納了以相對沉降為依據確定單位面積端承力q _ b的計方法,並考慮擴底樁的「拱效應」特引入了有效樁長的念,最後結合公路規范推出了比較實用的人工挖孔擴底樁軸向承載力計公式。論文運用了marc程序對地基土的應力和位移進行了有限元數值計分析,得到了地基土的應力和位移場的變化曲線和在加載過程中樁側土摩阻力和樁端反力各自所承擔的比例;本文還在總結各國挖孔擴底樁應用情況的基礎上就擴底樁的構造進行了詳細的歸納。
  5. Modern control theory has arisen with the advent of high - speed digital computers and characterized by the state variable concept with emphasis on matrix algebra and with analysis and design principally in the time domain

    現代控制理論是隨著高速數字計機的出現而產生的,主要特是使用狀態變量的念並強調矩陣代數和主要在時間域進行分析和設計。
  6. Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources

    基於以上考慮,論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討:全面回顧了「可持續發展」念的由來與演變,對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評,並對「可持續發展」念的科學內涵進行了深入探討;對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述,對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀和混亂認識提出了自己的見解;全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義,並與傳統的地下水資源計評價方法進行了對比分析,結合實例具體說明了方法的應用;深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性,對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述,指出了各類預測預報方法的特及適用條件,對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍,以及號稱第五代計機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹,並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析,採用時間序列中的b ? j法,蒙特卡羅方法,與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合,探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路;綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特及缺陷,將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度,使模型更準確、更實用;對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析,內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀,科學的資源計與評價方法,可靠的資源預測預報技術,可操作的資源管理措施,外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。
  7. Second, it presents the project design of an astronauts ’ kinetic measurement system that can precisely measure the forces and moments of key points on motorial person. it presents a principle and flow of the project design of an astronauts ’ kinetic measurement system. and it particularly discusses the demarcate of camera system, the gathering and storage of experiment pictures, pick - up of the symbol data, the parameter calculating method of target movement, and the general design of assistant equipment

    然後給出航天員作用力測量實驗系統的設計方案,該系統能夠克服重力影響,較精確地得出運動時人體各關鍵產生的力和力矩;給出了航天員運動參數測量實驗系統的原理及流程,並詳細論述了攝像系統標定,實驗圖像的採集與存儲,標志數據的提取及目標運動參數解的方法;給出了輔助設備的要設計。
  8. 2. the fem software plaxis is introduced and its theories and numerical methods are given. the standard drained triaxial test and the oedometer test are subjected to simulations of various laboratory tests in order to validate the reliability with measured test data

    引入了plaxis程序,對plaxis程序的特、計分析原理進行了述,對土體的三軸試驗和側限固結試驗進行了模擬,計結果較好的反應了土體的基本特性,並與試驗結果符合良好。
  9. Editor - in - chief : rule for making water works budget jiangshu province ( edition in 2000 ) ; 2 ) editor - in - chief : auditing report for a key project - diverting cleaning water by qiangwei river ( first step ) ; 3 ) editor - participated : budget norm form water works construction and installation ( edition in 1999 ) ; 4 ) business consultation and management for water works budget

    主編江蘇省水利基本建設工程設計編制規定( 2000年修訂本) ; 2 ) 、主寫省重水利工程(薔薇河送清水一期工程)審計報告; 3 ) 、參編江蘇省水利建築、安裝工程預定額( 1999年修訂本) ; 4 ) 、全省水利工程造價管理業務咨詢。
  10. The major advisory services completed in recent 3 years are as follows ( 1 ) " study on comprehensive benefits of the three gorge project " ( main participator ), which was the key project ofthe seventh five - year plan of the state and won the first - grade prize for outstanding achievemetn in scence and technolog awarded by the state science and technology committee ; ( 2 ) " cause analysis and countermeasure study about investment over - estimation of water project ; ( 3 ) " research on modermization of water conservancy " ( 4 ) " investigation of water price system of yellow river basin / ; ( 2 ) - ( 4 ) are the key projects of the ministr of water resources p. r. c. person in charge ( 5 ) " assets evaluation and compensation investment calculation for 41 inundated enterprises in the theree gorge reservoir area " ( 6 ) ' proitive analysis of regional economic developetn and port construction of jiansu province " ; ( 7 ) " surpervision for resettlement adn rehabilitation of dahe reservoir in guangdong province " ( person in charge ) and so on

    近三年業主要從事的重大咨詢業務有: 1 .作為主要參加者承擔完成國家『七五』重攻關項目「三峽工程綜合效益研究」 ,獲國家科委科技進步獎一等獎;主持完成水利部重項目: 2 . 「水利水電工程投資超成因分析及對策研究」 、 3 . 「現代化水利研究」和4 . 「黃河流域水價制度研究」 ;作為技術及外業負責人先後完成了: 5 . 「三峽庫區受淹企業資產評估及補償投資計」 、 6 . 「江蘇省區域經濟發展與港口開發的實證分析」與7 . 「廣東省大河水庫移民遷移安置監理」等咨詢業務。
  11. Is available for programming languages that do not support the concepts of infinity and not - a - number in floating - point operations

    在進行浮時不支持無窮和非數字值的念的編程語言中可用。
  12. In order to set up the compensation standard of land value which is the key problem in the reform of land expropriation system at present, the paper aims at probing the rational, valid and operational method of calculating the compensation of land expropriation, finding the rational way to compensate the land value and reestablishing the land expropriation system of china. after comparing the domestic and international land expropriation system and the way of establish the compensation standard, the paper confirms that the land expropriation system and the compensation standard of china should be reformed at three aspects : confirming farmland ' s property rights, defining of the range of land expropriation and making a price market - based. based on even chance of property right, introducing the market mechanism and ownership market into land expropriation system, the paper raises the viewpoint of setting up the farmland ' s development right

    通過國內外土地徵用制度及補償標準確定方式的對比,明確了我國土地徵用制度及補償標準改革要從農地產權、征地范圍界定、市場化定價三個方面著手;從產權平等的角度分析了征地制度中引入市場機制的重要性以及建立所有權市場的可能性,提出了增設農地發展權的觀;通過界定發展權的歸屬,指明補償標準確定的價值取向,重建我國地價補償標準體系? ?基於產權平等的公平補償體系,包括公益性徵用和非公益性徵用補償;在耕地資源價值構成研究的基礎上,提出了耕地資源價值由經濟產出價值,社會保障價值和生態服務價值構成,並通過外部性理論、生態系統價值評價方法、工農業「剪刀差」等的研究,重構了公益性徵用的地價補償構成及量化方法;在此基礎上了全國2000年公益性徵用中地價補償價格;通過地租理論對土地轉用增值空間定性定量研究,重建了非公益性徵用中地價補償的構成,並指出在我國特定條件下,非公益性徵用補償是非公益性用地逐漸退出徵用過程轉向市場化配置的過渡。
  13. The paper is about the application of genetic algorithm ( ga ) in daylightning design in architecture. it first establishes the cone model of a single point measurement and the mathematical model shade of the rectangle construction, then gives the algorithm of the latter modal, which is called single point algorithm

    本文所研究的是遺傳演法在建築中日照採光設計方面的應用,首先從一些天文學的念和理論知識出發,建立單日照圓錐的模型,然後建立起矩形建築單遮擋的數學模型,給出其演法即單法。
  14. Abstract : the history of warehouse construction was reviewed in heilongjiang province sinc e recent 50 years, especially the characteristic of structure, function, equipment, ventilation and testing system of grain situation for “ 90 - 3 ” warehouse and bri ck silo. the comprehensive cost of the kinds of bins was accounted

    文摘:簡要回顧了建國以來黑龍江省糧食建設的歷史,重介紹了90 ? 3型平房倉和磚筒倉兩種經濟實用的機械化糧倉的建築結構、功能、設備配置及通風、糧情檢測等性能特,並對綜合造價和運營成本等作了
  15. On the basis of briefly introducing coordination theory, this paper discusses coordination intelligence research theory coming from practice of intelligence service, mainly studies notion and trait of coordination strategy intelligence research, coordination intelligence research theory aided by computer and internet and guaranteed by organizational mechanism

    摘要本文在簡要介紹協同理論的基礎上,對來源於情報服務實踐的協同情報研究理論進行了探討,主要研究了協同情報研究的念與特、計機、網際網路輔助的協同情報研究理論和組織機制保障的協同情報研究理論。
  16. Then based on the idea of predictive motion vector, using of spatial correlation of adjacent block and global minimum points probability distribution characteristic, predictive diamond searching ( pds ) and its advanced mode : adaptive pds ( apds ) are introduced. finally the algorithm of pds and apds and its simulation results comparing with conventional me algorithm are given

    然後基於預測性運動矢量的念,利用相鄰塊運動矢量的相關性和全局極值率分佈特性,提出了預測性菱形搜索演法和它的改進演法:自適應預測性菱形搜索法,設計出具體演法,並給出了與傳統快速塊匹配法比較的計機模擬結果。
  17. At first the background and train of thoughts of the research are described in the introduction which also summarizes the foreign and domestic empirical studies of relative issues. secondly, the paper introduces the theory of m & a and the effect of m & a on the company ’ s efficiency is analyzed based on the relative theory which provides a theoretical basis thus introduce eva into the evaluation system for the m & a behavior in chapter 3 for the latter research. chapter 4, as the core of the paper, describes the development of listed companies ’ m & a in china, confirms the period of m & a samples chosen in the paper, and conducts an investigation into the performance of m & a using the model built on eva

    首先在緒論中提出了本文的研究背景、研究意義、研究思路和研究方法;然後對企業並購理論方面已有的研究成果進行總結,並對中外的研究方法進行述評,在對現有研究方法的缺陷進行分析后,提出了自己的觀:引入業績評價指標? ?經濟增加值eva來對並購公司的績效進行評價;第三章對eva評價法從其定義、特、計方法和其相關研究結論入手進行了一系列的構建,解釋了eva評價法的優越性和引入該指標的可行性,同時通過實證研究驗證了eva在評價並購績效時的有效性,為下面實證研究做了理論分析基礎;第四章是本文的核心部分,介紹了我國上市公司並購的發展狀況,確定了實證研究的現實背景和樣本選擇,並用eva指標研究了上市公司並購后的短、中期績效;最後,述了本文所取得的成果及運用現有的並購績效理論對研究結果進行了合理的解釋和研究的不足,並結合實證研究結果對我國並購行為提出了筆者的建議。
  18. It uses hownet to build the chinese concept dictionary and concept hierarchy, and then maps the text feature to the concept space by concept disambiguation and concept mapping techniques, and apply an improved k - mediod method in text clustering analysis

    利用知網資源構建中文念詞典和念層次結構,然後通過念消歧、念映射等步驟將文本特徵映射到念空間,並應用一種改進的k中心法完成文檔的聚類分析。
  19. This paper ' s method gives a new approach that groups the pixels by larger - scale neighborhood and gets the parameters of the neighborhood by k - l transform. these parameters marked as x, y, a, 0, specifying the center coordinate, length and direction of the neighborhood separately, are the basic data for following process. then some traditional algorithms of edge track and object classification are used to accomplish the task of gaining last objects

    該方法的新穎之處在於不直接用象素作為處理單元,而是引入了一個鄰域替代的念,就是說將鄰域內所有的數據作為一個整體的處理單元看待,利用鄰域內的所有數據,計一些可以表示鄰域的參數x , y , , (鄰域的位置、方向、長度) ,這些參數完全根據鄰域內數據的位置信息獲得。
  20. Thirdly, based on the same data, the logit model and neural network are extended to calculate the default risk premium by using the proposed eight - factor index system and five main influential factors of loss given default. finally, a practical application is presented

    通過結合影響違約率的8參數指標體系和影響違約損失率的五大因素,依次採用logit回歸法和神經網路方法對基準利率加修正模式中預期損失率進行重
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