activation rate 中文意思是什麼

Results the conjugation rate, high molecular conjugate content of and the antibody titer induced with pneumococcus type 1 conjugate vaccine prepared by cyanogen bromide activation were significantly higher than that by amine reduction

結果採用溴化氰活化法制備的結合物，較胺還原法具有較高的結合率及高分子結合物含量，免疫小鼠產生的抗體效價較胺還原法明顯提高。

A reliability experiment of thermal aging was carried out for the two types of joints, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x - ray spectrometer and micro x - ray diffractomer were adopted to investigate the interfacial evolution behavior of joints, and kinetics model of imc formation was established. the results show that imc growth follows the parabolic law as a function of aging time at certain aging temperature, imc growth is more sensitive to the aging temperature than the aging time, the activation energy of cu - al imc growth is 97. 1kj / mol and the major forming cu - al imc are cual2 and cu9al4, the activation energy of au - al imc growth is 40. 1kj / mol and the main au - al imc are au4al and au5al2, with au2al and aual at the interfacial periphery of joints, the rate of cu - al imc growth is about 1000 times slower than that of au - al imc, and kirkendall voids and cracks are easily appeared during thermal aging in gold ball bonds while voids and cracks are absent in copper ball bonds even after aging at 200 for 2900 hours and 250 for 169 hours

研究結果表明:金屬間化合物厚度與老化時間的關系符合拋物線法則，金屬間化合物的生長對老化溫度比老化時間更加敏感; cu - al金屬間化合物生長的激活能為97 . 1kj / mol ，老化后金屬間化合物呈層狀分佈，主要相為cual2和cu9al4 ; au - al金屬間化合物生長的激活能為40 . 1kj / mol ，主要相為au4al和au5al2 ，同時在界面周邊區域生成了au2al和aual ;老化過程中cu - al金屬間化合物生長速率比au - al金屬間化合物生長速率小103數量級;金絲球鍵合點200老化96小時出現了明顯的kirkendall空洞和裂紋，但銅絲球鍵合點200老化2900小時和250老化169小時都沒有形成空洞和裂紋。

During the " 10th 5 - year - project ", researches on the following techniques, new isotopic carrier, 5 parameters combination logging, oxygen activation logging, injection profile logging for polymer flooding, trace relative flow rate logging, and so on, have been carried out and some advanced and practical results have been obtained

「十五」期間開展了新型同位素載體、五參數組合測井技術、氧活化測井技術、聚驅注入剖面測井技術、示蹤相關流量測井技術等課題的攻關，取得了一批先進實用的技術成果。

This paper put forward a set of management method of equipment and technique in petroleum enterprise, such as equipment ' s evaluation in quantities, equipment ' s proper usage, equipment ' s maintenance and technical reform, equipment ' s status monitoring and diagnosing, em methods under hse management system, etc. this paper also put forward a series of economic management methods, such as the management of equipment depreciation fund, the management of equipment maintenance fee, equipment ' s activation, equipment ' s occupation for value, equipment ' s rental, management of abandoned equipment. the purpose of the author is trying to offer some valuable advice for promoting the scientific em in petroleum enterprise, organizing the equipment operation in the proper way, optimizing the equipment ' s readjustment and improving the equipment ' s intact rate and utilizing rate

本著理論聯系實際的原則，採用模糊評價法、綜合分析法建立了石油專用設備投資評價體系及效益跟蹤考評方法；提出了一套石油企業設備技術管理的科學方法：設備量化評價考核、設備的合理使用、設備的維修與技術改造、設備的狀態監測與故障診斷技術的應用、 hse管理體系下的設備管理等方法；在經濟管理方面提出了設備折舊資金的管理、設備維修費用的管理、設備的盤活、有償佔用、租賃、設備的報廢管理等管理方法，為推進石油企業設備管理的科學化，組織好設備的運營，優化設備合理調配，提高設備完好率、利用率提供有效的參考建議。

Part i this paper has minutely studied the interaction between ag ( i ) and serum albumin. the binding of ag ( i ) to human serum albumin ( hsa ) or bovine serum albumin ( bsa ) has been studied by equilibrium dialysis at ph ( 5. 4 ). the scatchard analysis indicates that there exists several strong binding sites of ag ( i ) in both hsa and bsa. a notable hysteretic effect has been observed in the interaction of ag ( i ) with hsa or bsa using uv - visible spectrometry at ph ( 5. 4 ), which shows that the binding between ag ( i ) with hsa or bsa may induce a slow transition of hsa or bsa from the conformation of weaker affinity for ag ( i ) to one of stronger affinity ( a - b transition ). the rate constants and activation parameters of this transition parameters of this tansition were measured and discussed. the binding equilibrium has been also studied by resonance light - scattering spectrum ( rls ) and flurescence quenching

第一部分：等離子點ph （ 5 . 4 ）條件下，用平衡透析法和紫外光譜，熒光光譜，共振散射光譜研究了ag （ ）與人血清白蛋白（ humanserumalbumin ，簡稱hsa ）或牛血清白蛋白（ bovineserumalbumin ，簡稱bsa ）的結合。 scatchard圖分析表明， ag （ ）在hsa或bsa中有強弱兩類結合部位，通過計算機擬合獲得結合的逐級穩定常數值。紫外掃描發現ag （ ）與hsa或bsa的結合存在滯後效應，表明ag （ ）與hsa或bsa的結合可能誘導蛋白質構象發生緩慢變化（ a - b ） ，測得並討論了這一構象變化的速度常數和活化參數。

Abstract : based on the concept of space migration length of photo - activation species, the analytical expression of the total number n of photo - activation species that can reach a segment on the substrate in the cubic deposition reaction space is derived. the simulation of the relationship of deposition rate and position of substrate is also completed. the simulation result agrees with the experiment data well

文摘:基於光激活物質空間遷移長度的概念，推導出方形反應空間中到達基片上單位面積的光激活物質總數的解析表達式，對光化學汽相沉積中淀積速率和基片位置的關系進行了模擬和分析.模擬結果同實驗結果符合良好

This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory

本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。

The research showed that for anthracite, lean coal and bituminous, the reaction rate became larger and the ignition activation energy became smaller

結果表明：從無煙煤、貧煤、煙煤，其反應速率越來越大，著火活化能越來越低。

The results were as follows : ( l ) the pre - incubation of pmr induced the exocytosis of the cortical granules ( cgs ) in the oocytes and reduced the quantity of the microvillus on the surface of oocytes ; ( 2 ) the matrix of cg might migrate to the surface of plasma membrane of oocytes after pmr pre - treatment. ( 3 ) incubation of zona - free hamster eggs with spermatozoa pretreated with pmr a ntiserum was associated with a dose - dependent significant reduction in the number of spermatozoa binding to the oolemma, compared with a contraband with a dose - dependent reduction of the fertilization rate and the penetration index. the results indicate that mr of human sperm plays an important role in sperm - oocyte fusion and oocyte activation

結果顯示： （ 1 ）人精子mr能夠誘發去透明帶金黃地鼠卵母細胞中皮質顆粒的胞吐，並引起卵母細胞膜表面微絨毛形態和數量發生改變； （ 2 ）皮質顆粒胞吐后，其內容物可結合到卵膜表面； （ 3 ）抗mr抗血清預處理精子可抑制精子與卵子的結合與融合，使受精率、穿透指數和結合指數下降，並均有劑量依賴性。以上結果提示，人精子mr在受精過程中起重要作用，其主要作用可能是介導精-卵膜融合併促進卵母細胞的活化。

In the presence of hx, oocyte maturation to mil and the extrusion of polar body were highly synchronized, the oocytes matured to mil stage were activated in higher rates than oocytes matured without hx, and those oocytes matured exposed to hx for all the 24h showed a high rate ( 55 % ) of spontaneous activation

Hx存在情況下成熟到m期的卵母細胞排出第一極體時同步化程度高，其孤雌活化能力高於正常成熟卵母細胞， hx作用24h組出現自發激活現象（自發活化比率55 ） 。

Electron transfer 2. 1. some basis mechanics, especially the activation model and the theoretical expression of the electron - transfer rate used in this paper have also been introduced

介紹了電子轉移的一些基本機理，著重介紹了本文所用到的有關自交換電子轉移活化模型及計算耦合體系電子轉移速率的理論框架。

Part ii this paper has minutely studied the interaction between au ( iii ) and serum albumin. the binding of au ( iii ) to human serum albumin ( hsa ) or bovine serum albumin ( bsa ) has been studied by equilibrium dialysis at ph ( 7. 43 + 0. 02 ). the scatchard analysis indicates that there exists several strong binding sites of au ( iii ) in both hsa and bsa. a notable hysteretic effect has been observed in the interaction of au ( iii ) with hsa or bsa using uv - visible spectrometry at ph ( 7. 43 + 0. 02 ), which shows that the binding between au ( iii ) with hsa or bsa may induce a slow transition of hsa or bsa from the conformation of weaker affinity for au ( iii ) to one of stronger affinity ( a - b transition ). the rate constants and activation parameters of this transition parameters of this tansition were measured and discussed. the binding equilibrium has project supported by the national science foundation of china ( no. 299621001 ), and the foundation for talents of the ten hunred thousand in guangxi

第二部分：生理ph （ 7 . 43 0 . 02 ）條件下，用平衡透析法和紫外光譜，熒光光譜研究了金（ ）與人血清白蛋白（ humanserumalbumin ，簡稱hsa ）或牛血清白蛋白（ bovineserumalbumin ，簡稱bsa ）的結合。 scatchard圖分析表明，金（ ）在hsa或bsa中有強弱兩類結合部位，通過計算機擬合獲得結合的逐級穩定常數值。利用熒光猝滅法計算出金（ ） - hsa和金（ ） - bsa體系的stem - volmer常數和雙分子猝滅速率常數。

The cleavage rate of oocytes at 18 - 19h after hcg injection was clearly higher than those at 12 - 13h and 15 - 16h after activation ( 71. 67 % vs 7. 50 % and 55. 83 %, p < 0. 01 ). the rates of avtivation, cleavage and development of blastocysts after 22h started to fall, but with no difference with those of 18 - 19h ( p > 0. 05 ). to sum up, the optimal electric stimulation conditions of mouse oocytes at 18 - 19h after hcg injection is 2. 0kv / cm direct current field strength, 80us pulse duration, 3 times pulse and 0. 3mol / l mannitol medium with 0. 1 mmol / l cacl2 and 0. 1 mmol / l mgso4

880和12 50o ） ，但與18l的卵母細胞組無明顯差異o 0刀5 ） 。綜上所述，在本實驗室條件下，以含ca刀、 mgh的甘露醇溶液為激活液，採用2刀by cm強度、 80呷脈寬、連續3次脈沖（每次間隔10min ）刺激注射hcg后18二9h的小鼠卵母細胞，可獲得較為理想的激活效果。

Abstract : according to the decomposition failure mechanism of the boundary reaction film and the dynamics theory of the chemical reaction, the failure process of the boundary film is quantitatively described, and then the decomposition rate of reaction film is put forward, hereby the quantitative criteria - temperature, speed and activation energy criterion, for selecting the additives are determined

文摘:根據邊界反應膜分解失效機理和化學反應動力學理論，對邊界膜的失效過程作了定量數學描述，提出了反映膜分解率的概念，據此確定了添加劑的溫度、速度和活化能等三個定量選用準則

Combining quantum chemistry calculation with experimental evaluation, the activation energies of possible interfacial reaction were calculated. it is shown that the first step in which the atomic ti, c and si were decomposed from ti matrices and fiber, respectively, is a rate - controlling step because the activation energy of the step is larger than second one

量子化學計算與經驗估算相結合，求出了可能發生的界面反應的活化能，表明第一步驟的活化能遠大於第二步驟的活化能，因而第一步驟是反應的動力學控制因素，在這一步驟中，原子態的ti 、 si 、 c分別從基體鈦合金和纖維中分解出來。

With the carbon content of dry ash - free basis increasing, the ignition activation energy increase and the reaction rate fall

乾燥無灰基固定碳含量增加，其著火活化能逐漸升高，反應速率逐漸降低。

The results of inhibition of t cells activation assay indicated that activation of t lymphocytes which mainly recognize the different compatibility of class ii mhc molecules was inhibited in different degree due to the inhibited inducible expression of class ii mhc molecules on hela by recombinant adenoviruses containi ng cii ta antisense fragment, showing as decreases in the positive rate and mean fluorescent intensity of cd25 and cd69 expression, which are both signs of activated t cells

T細胞激活抑制實驗表明：由於重組腺病毒攜帶的反義c11ta片段，不同程度地抑制了hela細胞誘導型mhc二類分子的表達，使主要識別mhc 11類分子相容性不同的t淋巴細胞活化受到不同程度的抑制，表現為t細胞激活標記物cd25和cd69表達的陽性率和平均熒光強度均下降，其中一例cd25陽性率降低17 l ，平均熒光強度降低50