amplified 中文意思是什麼

In the present study, aflp ( amplified fragment length polymorphism ) markers was used to examine population of abies yuanbaoshanensis in order to understand the level of population genetic variation and genetic structure. the result would help to evaluate its evolutionary potentiality and the degree of being endangered and could provide scientific basis for making right protection strategy. high - quality dna was extracted using ctab method from those tender leaves of forty - three fully - developed trees in population abies yuanbaoshanensis

本研究選用一種高效的檢測遺傳變異的分子標記? ? aflp技術來分析元寶山冷杉種群的遺傳多樣性，旨在了解該種群在分佈區內的遺傳變異水平和遺傳結構情況；研究結果將有助於更清楚地認識這一瀕危類群的生存潛力和瀕危程度，而且可以為制定何種挽救和保護措施提供科學的依據。

Viral rnas were extracted from virus - infected allantoic fluids using qiaamp mini - extraction kits. after reverse transcription, cdna was amplified using specific primers for each gene segment

用qiagen的rneasyrna試劑盒提取病毒rna后，逆助興才李醫『筍脂碩聖『老『才轉錄合成cdna 。

Newcastle disease virus ( ndv ) strain 695, a thermostable nature avirulent strain, were replicated in embryonated chicken eggsand its rna was extracted from allantoic fluid. referred to the reported sequence of f gene, a pair of primers were designed and synthesized. f gene of ndv b95 strain was amplified by rt - pcr, the pcr products were checked by agrose gel electrophoresis and purified by agrose gel fracion method

利用從國外引進的新城疫熱穩定性天然弱毒b _ （ 95 ）株接種spf雞胚繁殖病毒，經處理后提取病毒的基因組rna ，參考國內外發表的ndv融合蛋白基因序列，設計一對特異性引物，經反轉錄聚合酶鏈式反應（ rt - pcr ）擴增出約1700bp大小的特異性片段，將此片段回收純化后，利用t - a克隆技術將其克隆到pgem - t - easy克隆載體中，再轉化大腸桿菌jm109感受態細胞，轉化后經分子量比較、 pcr鑒定和酶切分析篩選陽性克隆。

After the amplication of primer s103, there was a specific fragment about 850bp in t2201 ; after the amplication of primer s74, there were two new fragment about isoobp and 400bp in variant t2202. the amplified prauct of si 18 had a 480bp new fragment in variant t2204. in variant t2203 there were two specific fragments about 980bp and 550bp after ampliation of primer s64

經引物s103擴增，在變異體t2201中出現850bp的特異片段；引物s74在變異體t2202中擴增出1500bp和400bp的兩條新帶；引物s64在變異體t2203中擴增出兩條新帶，大小分別為980bp和550bp ；引物s118在變異體t2204擴增出一條480bp的新帶。

The voltage of the amplified signal at the loudspeaker is 2v.

揚聲器放大了的信號的電勢為2伏。

Norton's list is amplified and refined by many other commentators.

諾頓所舉的事例被許多評論家引伸並加以完善。

The amplified strings require less energy to produce a rich resonant sound.

聲音被放大了，在琴弦上反需用很小的力量，就能產生豐滿的、共鳴音響。

The amplified strings require less energy to produce a rich, resonant sound.

因為聲音被放大了，在琴弦上僅需用很小的力量，就能產生豐滿的共鳴音響。

The vibrations are amplified electrically and can be heard through loudspeakers in the operating room.

這種震動通過電流放大后，就可以從手術室的擴音器中收聽到。

The baha is anchored to the skull by a tiny titanium screw. instead of sounds entering the outer ear canal and impinging on the eardrum as in normal hearing, the sounds amplified by the device are conducted through the screw and the bones of the skull to the cochlea, the snail - shaped inner ear structure responsible for converting sounds into electrical signals carried to the brain by the auditory nerve

骨固定式助聽器利用鈦金屬螺絲固定在耳後方的頭骨，助聽器擴音機放大的聲音經由鈦金屬螺絲及頭骨直接傳到耳蝸，不像傳統空氣傳導式助聽器般，聲音要經過外耳道，再透過鼓膜傳音傳至耳蝸。

In our experiment, the specific fragment was amplified from transgenic bobwhite genome dna at annealing temperature 61 by using high - fidelity pfu dna polymerase and cloned into clone vector pgem - 7fz ( + ), then sequenced. the cloned sequence was completely identical to the sequence which was issued in genbank

本實驗採用了高保真pfudna聚合酶，在退火溫度61條件下從轉基因bobwhite品種基因組dna中擴增出特異性片段，將此片段插入克隆載體pgem - 7fz （ + ） ，經測序和序列分析表明，所擴增得到的片段含有bar基因完整的讀碼框，並且序列與genbank中發表的序列完全一致。

It is found that this qcm technique is not only to be comparable to the surface plasmon resonance ( spr ) in response characteristics, but also more simple, cheap and reproducible in its equipments. the fourth part, an amplified by peg mass piezoelectric immunoassay has been developed to detect the ceruloplasmin in human serum

將之用於測定了人血清白蛋白（ hsa ）抗體的活性，並與文獻報道的表面等離子體子共振法（ spr ）進行了比較，發現該傳感系統的響應性能可與spr法媲美，而且較之具有儀器簡單廉價、再生簡便等優點。

Rapd ( random amplified polymorphic dna ) technique was used to study the genetic structure and genetic differentiation of the natural population and the hatchery stock of chlamys farreri. amplifications with 20 10 - base primers under predetermined optimal reaction yielded 153 reproducible amplified fragments ranging from 200 to 3000bp. the mean proportions of polymorphic amplified fragments of natural population and the hatchery stock were 73. 2 % and 70. 6 % respectively, and the mean hetreozygosities of them were 0. 27 and 0. 26 respectively

在對20個野生櫛孔扇貝和20個養殖櫛孔扇貝的基因組dna的檢測中， 20個隨機引物共擴增出153條清晰可分辨的dna片段，片段大小在200 3000bp之間，其中野生種群和養殖群體多態性片段分別為112和108條，多態位點比例分別為73 . 2 %和70 . 6 % ，雜合度分別為0 . 27和0 . 26 。

It ' s meaningful to study the function of rab proteins in ciliates and further to explicit the mechanism of vesicular trafficking. the rob gene was amplified from macronuclear dna of euplotes octocarinatus. the size of gene was 783 bp long with an orf of 624 bp encoding eorabl protein and containing three in - frame tga codes

本研究利用pcr技術從游仆蟲（ euplotesoctocarinatus ）大核dna中擴增出rab基因，並對該基因進行序列分析，該基因全長為783bp ，兩端為端粒序列，編碼框為624bp ，編碼207個氨基酸，開放讀框中有3個tga ，在此編碼半胱氨酸。

Waves can bounce back and forth across the central region, becoming successively amplified ? a cosmic echo chamber

波可在星盤中間來回反彈，並連續放大，就像是個宇宙中的共鳴箱。

Those easily found plants and fungi are pinus densiflora, querces mongolica, lespebeza bicolor, rhododendrum chrysanthum, melampyrum roseum, ramaria stricta, cortinarius collinitus, etc, among which, 22 species of plants and 3 species of mushrooms were first reported occurring beside fairy rings of matsutake. 4. studies on dna polymorphisms of symbiotic edible fungi, tricholoma matsutake. the dna fingerprinting of wild baidiocarps of matsutake, collected from the scenes of major production regions in china, were analyzed based on rapd ( random amplified polymorphic dna ) - pcr patterns were optimized by example experiments of two dna templates in this study

除了常見的赤松（屍inusde胭必ra ） 、蒙古棟（ que兀esm口吧口lica ） 、胡枝子（眾印『 bezabicolor ） 、興安杜鵑（ rhododen動側nc加」 anthum ）等外，另外以前並未報道的22種植物， 3種高等真菌也在松茸蘑菇圈附近出現頻率很高，例如被當地菇農稱為松茸花的山蘿花（ mela州眨」似腳roseum ） ，與松茸同期發生的蘑菇如密叢枝（ ramariastricta ） 、粘柄絲膜菌（ cortinari 。

In this paper, first strand cdna of 3abc gene was synthesized using template rna extracted from cells infected with fmdv. the complete 3abc gene about isoobp was amplified by pcr and ligated into pgem - t easy vector. after transforming e. coli dh5 a, ampicillin resistant colonies were isolated and plasmid dna was prepared and analyzed by restriction analysis and pcr. presence of the full length 3abc gene was verified by nucleotide sequence analysis and the plasmid containing the expected sequence was named as pgem - 3abc. comparing the aquired sequence of 3abc with that of reference strains, the homology is more than 99 percent. the pgem - 3abc was digested with sal i and bgl ii and ligated into xho i and bgl ii - digested expression vector ptriex - 4 neo. lt was identified by restriction analysis and pcr and sequencing that this fragment had a 17bp deletion hi the nucleotide sequence 708bp of 3abc gene, which happened to form a terminator codon behind 3ab gene, but it contained the complete open reading frame ( orf ) of 3ab gene. positive clones were selected and induced with lmmol / l isopropyl - d - galactoside ( iptg ), bacteria were detected by sds - page and western blotting after properly treated. the results showed that the 3ab gene expressed successfully in e. coli and 33. 5ku fusion protein can be recognized by the positive bovine serum of fmdv. the amount of target protein is over 26 % of the total bacteria protein by gel thin layer scanning analysis

擴增產物連接到pgem - teasy載體中，轉化大腸桿菌dh5菌株，篩選氨芐青霉素抗性菌落，提取質粒經酶切鑒定、 pcr分析以及確證性測序證明，所克隆的1500bp左右的片段含有完整的3abc基因，與國外參考序列相比，同源性在99以上。將重組質粒pgem - 3abc和表達載體ptriex - 4neo分別用sal和bgl與xho和bgl消化后，亞克隆3abc基因至原核表達載體ptriex - 4neo中，通過酶切鑒定、 pcr擴增以及序列分析，發現克隆到ptriex - 4neo載體上的片段於3abc基因708bp處出現了17bp的缺失，碰巧在3ab基因后形成一終止密碼子，但3ab基因的閱讀框架完整，選出含有3ab基因完整閱讀框架的陽性克隆，用iptg誘導表達，收集菌液進行sds - page電泳、 westernblotting分析，結果表明， 3ab基因在大腸桿菌中成功表達，其表達產物為分子量33 . 5ku的融合蛋白，並能被口蹄疫病毒陽性血清識別。經薄層掃描分析，表達量占總蛋白量的26以上。

Even minute amounts of dna can now be amplified, using the polymerase chain reaction, to provide sufficient material for genetic fingerprinting

即使僅獲得很少量的dna也可使用聚合酶鏈式反應來擴增以提供足夠的材料進行遺傳指紋分析。

Cluster analysis by upgma methods indicated that these five stocks might be divided into three clusters. results of rapd a nalysis suggested that extensive genetic diversity was detected in this species and the genetic divergence among stocks was relatively high ; upgma phylogenetic tree showed there existed three geographic populations of p. polyactis in the yellow sea and the east china sea, which supported the previous conclusion by morphological and ecological methods. part two : the genetic diversity between trichiurus lepturus and eupleurogrammus muticus random amplified polymorphic dna ( rapd ) technique was applied to 12 individuals from each species of the hairtail fishes trichiurus lepturus and eupleurogrammus muticus collected from the yellow sea

50一2 . 44 ） ，群體內和群體間的遺傳變異比例分別為69 %和31 % ;群體間的平均遺傳相似度和遺傳距離分別為0 . 9139和o . q861 ;用非加權配對算數平均法（ unweightedpair - groupmethodofari山m七tiome即s ， upgma ）聚類分析的結果表明，所分析的5個群體可被分為3個地理群系，從分子水平上支持了過去有關學者把黃海和東海的小黃魚劃分為北中南3個地理群系的觀點。

In this study five recombinant plasmids containing hn ( hemagglutinin - neuraminidase ) genes of ndv ( newcastle disease virus ) were constructed, hn genes were amplified by reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction ( rt - pcr ) and were inserted directly into eukaryotic expression plasmid pcdna3

應用反轉錄-聚合酶鏈反應（ rt - pcr ）獲得兩株新城疫病毒（ ndv ）血凝素-神經氨酸酶（ hn ）基因cdna ，然後定向插入真核表達質粒pcdna3中，構建了含hn基因的重組質粒。