atomic electron 中文意思是什麼

atomic electron 解釋
原子中的電子
  • atomic : adj. 1. 原子的。2. 極微的。3. 強大的。
  • electron : n. 【物理學】電子。 the electron beam 電子束。 the electron theory 電子（學）說。
  1. The electron range increases with decreasing atomic number and increasing incident beam energy e0.

    電子射程隨著原子序數的減少和入射束能量E0的增加而增加。
  2. The importance of electron spin in shaping atomic structure is worth emphasizing.

    電子自旋在形成原子結構方面的重要性是值得強調的。
  3. Using cd, cu, zn and cr as experimental toxicants and crucian as experimental creature, we employed the environmental biotechniques ( flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, the method of improved pyrogallol autoxidation and electron microscopy ) to study the acute toxicity and secure concentrations of heavy metals to crucian ; the accumulation and distribution of mixed heavy metals to fingling crucian ; the activities of superoxide dismutase ( sod ) of gill and liver tissues and the hispathological and ultrastructural change of superfine structure of liver and kidney of crucian after cadmium exposure. through which, we intended to fully and systemically study the toxic influence of heavy metals to fish, and preliminarily discuss the influence of heavy metals pollution to the diversified level of fish such as individual, organ, tissue, cell and molecule. thus we tried to provide scientific evidence to establish preventative management measures, avoid and relieve the harm of heavy metals pollution to aquicolous ecosystem in time

    隨后以這幾種重金屬作為實驗毒物，以鯽魚為實驗動物，應用環境生物技術、火焰原子吸收分光光度法、鄰苯三酚自氧化法、透射電鏡等技術研究了重金屬cu 、 zn 、 cd和cr對鯽魚的急性毒性及其安全濃度評價、混合重金屬在鯽魚幼體組織內的積累和分佈、 cd對鯽魚鰓和肝臟中sod活性的影響、 cd對鯽魚肝細胞和腎細胞超微結構的影響等，全面和系統地研究了水環境中重金屬暴露對魚類的毒性影響，初步探討了重金屬污染對魚類的個體? ?器官? ?組織? ?細胞? ?分子等各水平層次的影響，為制定漁業生產上預防性的管理措施提供科學依據，及時避免或減輕重金屬污染對水生生態系統造成的損害。
  4. Surface microtopography, representation and tracing of nacreous layers of pteria penguin and blister pearl from sanya, hainan province, are studied by using interference microscope and environmental scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope

    摘要採用干涉顯微鏡、環境掃描電子顯微鏡、原子力顯微鏡對海南三亞企鵝貝及其附殼珍珠的珍珠層表面微形貌進行了研究。
  5. Atomic physics ( or atom physics ) is physics of the electron hull of atoms

    原子物理學是原子中電子云的物理學。
  6. An electron beam does not diffract at atomic scales, so it does not cause blurring of the edges of features

    由於電子束在原子尺度不會繞射，所以它不會使得圖案細節的邊緣模糊。
  7. Besides, the growth of gasb expitaxy film was monitored by reflection high energy electron diffraction ( rheed ). the rheed images and intesity oscillation are collected by computer system. it showed that the gasb film prepared in 400 was amorphous and it became monocrystalline when the temperature rose to 500. atomic force microscope ( afm ) was applied to analyse the surface morphology of the films which were grown in diffrent growth rates or substrate temperature. the analysis were compared to simulation results. the experiment results indicated it was easy to form clusters when the rate of growth is high or

    此外，本文通過反射式高能電子衍射（ rheed ）監測了gasb外延薄膜的生長，利用rheed強度振蕩的計算機採集系統實現了rheed圖像和rheed強度振蕩的實時監測。實驗發現在400生長的gasb薄膜為非晶態，溫度升高到500薄膜轉變為單晶。利用原子力顯微鏡對不同生長速率和襯底溫度生長的gasb薄膜的表面形貌進行觀察分析，並與模擬結果進行比較。
  8. 1 lanthanide hydrides ( m = la, nd, sm, dy and yb ) can be prepared easily by the direct hydrogenation of lanthanide metals catalyzed by ticl4 in tetrahydrofunan ( thf ) under normal pressure. the rate of hydrogenation decreased with increasing atomic number of lanthanides. transmission electron micrographs showed that the resulted lanthanide hydrides were in the form of nanoparticles with an average primary particle size around 20 - 40 nm

    本論文首次提出一種在溫和條件下催化合成納米尺寸的鑭系金屬氫化物的方法，介紹在常溫常壓下，鑭、釹、釤、鏑、鐿五種鑭系金屬在四氫呋喃（ thf ）溶劑中，催化劑作用下與氫氣直接化合形成相應的納米尺寸的鑭系金屬氫化物。
  9. Sem, transmission electron microscopy ( tem ), x - ray energy - dispersion analysis ( edax ), xrd, electron diffraction ( ed ) and high - resolution electron microscopy ( hrem ) were used to investigate the morphology, atomic composition and crystal structure of the nanowires. the hexagonal cdse nanowires with single crystal structure have been obtained in dmso under 140. ( 3 ) semiconductor te and cdte nanowires embedded in aao templates were fabricated for the first time by dc < wp = 7 > electrodeposition in ethylene glycol

    Sem 、 tem 、 edax 、 xrd 、 ed 、 hrem分析的結果表明，所得cdse納米線為六方晶型，晶體的（ 001 ）晶面沿平行於基底的方向擇優生長，且隨沉積溫度的降低，這種擇優生長的趨勢越來越強；納米線晶體在生長時，由於受aao模板孔徑的限制，形成c軸方向拉長的晶粒，其長徑比達5 1以上；晶體的大小和完善程度隨沉積溫度的降低而增大， 185沉積得到多晶六方cdse納米線，而140沉積時可得到六方cdse單晶納米線。
  10. The surface morphologies of thin films were observed by using scan electron microscope ( sem ) and atomic force microscope ( afm ). based on grazing incidence x - ray diffraction ( gixrd ) equipment, we find that residual stress exist in magnetron sputtering plct film, in addition, the ferroelectric properties of plct thin films were measured by radiant premier lc type multifunctional ferroelectric properties test system

    利用廣角x射線衍射技術對不同濺射工藝下plct薄膜的相結構進行了研究;採用掃描電子顯微鏡（ sem ）和原子力顯微鏡（ afm ）分別觀察了薄膜的表面形貌;利用掠入射x射線衍射（ gixrd ）測量了薄膜的殘余應力。
  11. Secondly, the grafted membranes were prepared by grafting 2 - acrylamido - 2 - methyl propane sulfonic acid ( amps ) on pretreated membranes using cetric ammonium nitrate ( can ) as an initiator in the aqueous medium. the surface compositions of the grafted membranes were determined by fourier transform adsorption spectrum ( ftir ) and x - ray photoelectron spectroscopy ( xps ). and the morphology of the grafted membranes was studied by scanning electron microscopy ( sem ) and atomic force microscopy ( afm )

    然後，選用硝酸鈰銨作為引發劑， 2 -丙烯酰胺- 2 -甲基丙磺酸（ amps ）為接枝單體，在水溶液體系中進行接枝共聚反應制備pvdf ? g ? amps中空纖維膜，並利用傅立葉紅外光譜（ ftir ） 、 x光電子能譜（ xps ） 、掃描電子顯微鏡（ sem ）及原子力顯微鏡（ afm ）等檢測手段證實了接枝共聚物的存在。
  12. The composition, structure, and properties of the as prepared composite films have been characterized in detail by uv - vis, ftir, and x - ray photoelectron spectra, ellipsometry, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and standard four - probe technique

    採用uv - vis光譜、 ftir光譜、 x -射線光電子能譜、橢圓光度法、掃描電子顯微鏡、原子力顯微鏡、透射電子顯微鏡、熒光光譜和標準四探針技術對所制備的納米復合膜進行了組成、結構和性能表徵。
  13. In this paper, such three points are studied as : a ) the angular distributions of the hot electrons emission under laser irradiation at different incidence angles and at different polarization direction, the angular distribution of the hot electrons in the different energy range, and the effects of laser prepulse on the angular distributions of the hot electrons emission ; b ) the energy distribution of the hot electrons at different directions, from the metallic targets and the dielectric targets, in the different energy range of the hot electrons, and the effects of the atomic number z on the energy distribution of hot electron generated by the metallic targets ; and c ) the energetic proton emission resulting from the interaction of the us - ui laser pulse with plasma

    本論文進行了三個方面的研究：第一，超熱電子角分佈的研究，包括不同激光入射角下超熱電子的角分佈；激光不同偏振態下超熱電子的角分佈；激光預脈沖對超熱電子角分佈的影響；不同能段的超熱電子的角分佈。第二，超熱電子能量分佈的研究，包括不同方位超熱電子的能量分佈，金屬與非金屬靶材的超熱電子的能量分佈，金屬原子序數z對超熱電子能量分佈的影響以及不同能段超熱電子的能量分佈。第三，研究了超短超強激光與固體靶相互作用所產四川大學博士學位論文生的高能質子發射和能譜。
  14. No3 : revealing crystal defects at atomic level by field - emmission hrem ( invited lecture ), f. h. li, proceedings 7th asia - pacific electron microscopy conference, singapore, june24 - 30, 2000, pp. 26 - 27

    場發射高分辨電子顯微鏡在揭示原子解析度晶體缺陷上的應用（特邀論文） ，李方華，科儀新知， 21 （ 1999 ） 8 - 15
  15. Apply to such industry as petroleum, chemical industry, textile, metallurgy, electron and atomic energy, etc., is it filter, charge dust, gas not to spread, is it steam take, catalysis reflect, electrolytic, eliminate noise, damping, hinder fire and sweat function of cooling etc. to flow to have

    應用在石油化工紡織冶金電子及原子能等工業中，有過濾收塵氣體擴散流蒸化催化反映電解消聲阻尼阻火及發汗冷卻等作用。
  16. Discusses in detail the microscopic nature of various physical quantities characterizing the intrinsic attributes of hydrogen atom to prove that the hydrogen atom ' s quantum energy, the inner quantum orbital momentum of electron and the relative quantum distance between atomic nucleus and electron all relate to the quantum state of the atomic system

    摘要闡述了表徵氫原子內在屬性的各種物理量的微觀本質，證明氫原子系統的量子能量、系統內部電子的量子軌道動量及原子核和電子的量子相對距離均與原子系統所處的量子狀態有關。
  17. Plasma characteristics of a rf ion source are investigated by emission spectroscopy. the spatiotemporal spectral line intensities of the first three atomic lines in hydrogen bahner series ( = 656. 28, 486. 13, 434. 05nm ) of rf ion source plasma, are measured with calibrated optical multichannel analyzer ( oma ). some plasma parameters, including electron temperature, hydrogen atom density and hydrogen ion density, are calculated and analyzed using partial local thermodynamic equilibrium ( plte ) theory and abel transform

    實驗採用絕對定標后的光學多道分析系統（ oma ）測定了離子源等離子體不同時間和空間位置的氫原子巴耳末譜線系中前三條譜線（ = 656 . 28 ， 486 . 13 ， 434 . 05nm ）的強度，並採用plte的理論和abel變換方法，計算出了高頻離子源等離子體的電子溫度、氫原子濃度、氫離子濃度等參數在放電的不同階段和徑向分佈情況，並進行了簡要分析。
  18. The electron range increases with decreasing atomic number and increasing incident beam energy e0

    電子射程隨著原子序數的減少和入射束能量e0的增加而增加。
  19. In a word, a new method that theoretically calculates the relativistic corrections and the fine structure of the energy levels in two - electron atom, including the atomic hamiltonian expressed by spherical tensors, the calculation of the angular matrix elements and the summations over spin of the various interactions in the atomic hamiltonian, and the approximate calculation of the radial matrix elements, has been provided in this thesis

    總之，本文為雙電子原子能級的相對論修正和精細結構的理論計算提供了一種新的方法，包括原子哈密頓算符的球張量表示方法、原子哈密頓中各種相互作用項的角向矩陣元和自旋求和的計算方法，以及徑向矩陣元的近似計算方法
  20. The path of a body in a field of force surrounding another body ; for example, the movement of an atomic electron in relation to a nucleus

    力場軌道一物體在力場中環繞另一物體運行路徑，例如電子在原子核周圍的運動
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