backward effect 中文意思是什麼
backward effect
解釋
反向效應-
The main problems are : the party is not separated from the government and the power of the party committee is over - concentrated ; managing is over - staffed and the style of management is out - of - date ; the government organization is carved up and the functions of the government is dismembered ; the functions of the governmeng has not essentiallg transformed and their responsibilities are in confusion ; the financial system is imperfect, so the financial capacity of the township is muck limited ; the function of the people ' s congress is so weak that its initiative has n ' t been brought into full play ; the contra diations between the town ship government and the urllage lommittee are sharpening and the regular work is notin normal progress. the causes for these problems are complex. in my opinion, the causes are closely associated with the effect of traditional system of organization, the restricton of administrative surroumding and the unfithess of personnel qualith. and that ' s because the construction of the leqal system is backward and the administrative area is not rationally divided
這些特點和我國實行市場經濟體制的新形勢，暴露了當前鄉鎮行政管理中存在的突出問題，主要表現在：黨政不分、黨委權利過分集中；人浮於事、管理方式陳舊；機構條塊分割，政府職能被肢解；政府職能尚未根本轉變，責任錯位；財政體制不完善、鄉鎮財政舉步維艱；人民代表大會功能柔弱，作用沒有充分發揮；政府與村委會矛盾加劇，工作難以正常開展等等。這些問題存在的原因比較復雜，主要是傳統體制、行政環境的影響和隊伍素質、法制建設的不適應。 -
The effect of air distributor on the flow fields was studied with emphasis. the working conditions of the bubble column simulated in the numerical study were as same as in the experiments. the velocity profile at axial direction showed a peek in the center, and a backward flow near the wall when usl / usg < 19. 6
鼓泡塔內軸向液相速度的徑向分佈呈塔中心峰值、壁面附近倒流形式，且與氣相折算速度大小有關，當液相折算速度一定時，隨氣相折算速度增大而愈加陡峭，返混也劇烈。 -
Transport traditional warehousing enterprises are established in the majority of the planned economy era, state - owned enterprises, these enterprises generally logistics infrastructure investment is insufficient, but has many years of experience in the logistics operation, and rules and regulations, good corporate reputation, warehousing and transport operations at the core provide relatively complete logistics services, with a strong ability to attract customers, and formed a basic customers in the community establish corporate image and brand effect of the logistics business remained relatively stable development of the situation, but as a modern logistics development, a modern logistics, long - span, dynamic and strong, can be divided into and the complexity of the advantages of traditional storage transport sector there are many issues, such as : management methods are backward ; the logistics facilities and equipment, lack of investment in facilities aging ; still lack the overall planning of a detailed and clear market orientation, lack of modern logistics management concept outdated marketing logistics, resulting in the mainstream enterprise customer groups scattered, low - level mobility of the large, it is difficult to retain the high - end customers ; enterprise systems and internal operating mechanism of the lack of vitality
留學解答資訊網:傳統的倉儲運輸企業多數是建立於計劃經濟時代的國有企業，這些企業一般對物流基礎設施投入不足，但是有多年的物流運作經驗，和規章制度，良好的企業信譽，以倉儲和運輸業務為核心，提供相對齊全的物流服務，具備了較強的招攬客戶的能力，形成了基本顧客群，在社會上樹立起企業形象和品牌效應，使物流業務保持著相對穩定發展的態勢.但是隨著現代物流的發展，較于現代物流，大跨度性、動態性強、可分性、復雜性等優點，傳統倉儲運輸業出現了許多問題，例如：管理手段落後；對物流設施設備的投入不足，設施老化；尚欠缺詳細的整體規劃和清晰市場定位，缺乏現代物流管理理念；物流營銷方式比較陳舊，造成企業主流客戶群體分散，級別較低，流動性大，難以保留中高端客戶；企業體制與內部運作機制欠缺活力。 -
Demonstration and replication effects are refer to the local foreign - funded enterprises which have more than advanced technology and products for local enterprises have a role model ; competitive effects are the increasing pressure that the original foreign bringing to. the situation is that domestic rivals have to raise their technological level ; contact effect refers the direct interaction between enterprises outside purely market transactions, including forward linkages and backward linkages ; effect refers to the movement of foreign - funded training skilled workers 、 managers entering in host country, or foreign - funded staff in the host country having a certain level of technology after the " switch " to domestic enterprises
示範和模仿效應指由於外資企業有比當地企業更為先進的技術和產品，從而對當地企業產生了示範作用;競爭效應指外資企業打破了市場原有的均衡，增加競爭壓力，迫使國內競爭對手提高技術水平，使國內企業在競爭中壯大，並引起當地企業的模仿;聯系效應指的是純粹的市場交易以外的企業間相互影響的直接關系，它包括向前聯系和向後聯系;人員的流動效應指的是外資企業培訓的技術工人、管理人員進入東道國國內;或東道國內的外資企業工作人員在掌握了一定的技術水平后經過「跳槽」后為國內企業服務。 -
The result and discussion show three conclusions. 1. sternoclavicular joint should berd backward as best as the subject can, 2. the best finish effect can be obtained when both hands lift behind and parallel the ground, 3. the rotation angle of the trunk should be within go degrees under the circumstance of hands lifting behind and paralleling the ground
經由結果討論得知，受試者在沖線時，一、頸關節應盡最大能力向後彎曲，二、雙手向後擺置成與地面平行時，具有最佳的沖線效益，三、軀干扭轉時，在不影響雙手后擺成與地面平行的情況下，以不超過90度為范圍。 -
The study of the effect of the momentun distribution of target nucleons on the scdw calculation is performed, which shows that the larger nucleon momentum compenents affect the double differential cross sections at backward and forward angles, while smaller nucleon momentum compenents affect the cross sections near the qes angle
本文還分析了核子動量分佈對scdw模型雙微分截面計算的影響，發現大動量的核子成分的增加會導致截面計算值在大角度區域和極小角度區域的增大；小動量核子成分的減小會導致截面計算值在準彈性散射角附近的減小。 -
Carbo super finishing stick uses the effect of pressurization and swing with forward and backward to make the surface of work piece mirror shinning
超精砂條研磨是利用加壓及往覆式擺振作用將工作物表面鏡面化研磨處理。 -
Its effect was most extraordinary ; for on first hearing it, mrs. bennet sat quite still, and unable to utter a syllable. nor was it under many, many minutes that she could comprehend what she heard ; though not in general backward to credit what was for the advantage of her family, or that came in the shape of a lover to any of them
她初聽到這消息，只是靜靜地坐著，一句話也說不出，過了好一會兒，她才聽懂了女兒的話，才隱隱約約地明白了又有一個女兒要出嫁了，這對於家里有多少好處。 -
Different with the traditional ifog, light beams within mz - ifog transmit along the forward direction, which avoid the kerr effect noise and the interferometric noises brought by the backward scattering and reflecting light. mz - ifog also gains a high using efficiency of light source and a strong output signal. the principle of mz - ifog is analyzed
與傳統sagnac干涉式光纖陀螺不同，此光纖陀螺結構簡單，兩路光信號採用前向傳輸，避免了後向傳輸光對光源的影響，也避免了後向散射、反射光帶來的相干噪聲以及光學kerr效應噪聲，光功率利用率高，輸出光功率大。 -
Furthermore the educational government should strengthen the specific educational research on girls education, and set up the facilitation association for girls education, and chunlei plan and hope project should be continue put into effect in order to change the backward situation in girls education
教育部門應加強回族女童教育的具體研究，成立女童教育促進會，繼續實施好「春蕾計劃」 、 「希望工程」 ，不斷改善回族女童教育的落後狀況。 -
Because river west area agriculture develop relatively outstanding among whole industrial structure, because two structure system that urban and rural areas cut apart make river west area represented by the tertiary industry quite backward urban economy again, have consumed a large amount of natural resources, manpower resources, but rely mainly on producing the primary product of the industry and agriculture, though river agriculture of the west offer a large amount of commodity grain while meeting one ' s own need, though jinchang, wine steel, yumen offer a large amount of basic industrial products for country for many years, but leading status and induced effect of urban economy still comparatively weak
如河西走廊在整個產業結構中農業發展地位過重，工農、城鄉分割的二元結構使河西走廊以第三產業為代表的城市經濟相當落後，耗費了大量自然資源、人力資源，卻以出產工農業的初級產品為主，盡管河西走廊的農業在滿足自身需要的同時還為其他地區提供了大量的商品糧，盡管金昌、酒鋼、玉門多年來為國家提供了大量的基礎工業產品，但產業結構失衡、城鎮體系結構不完善、城鎮經濟的帶動作用薄弱、生態環境面臨危機。 -
Comparing with other countries, the effect of government promotion of the wheat market in china are still far backward, especially its low level of the producer supporting, establishment of market system, and international trade policies, which have seriously ristricted the enhancement of chinese wheat competitiveness. finally, the policy implications for china to improve wheat international competitiveness are put forward as the following : 1 ) to enhance the construction of centralized region of wheat, which will help to extend the application area of excellent breeds, so as to overcome the problem of quality instability. additionally, the construction of centralized region will improve the organized level of producers and increase industries values
最後，在對上述問題進行國際比較研究的基礎上，我們提出提高中國小麥國際競爭力的對策建議如下：加強集中連片的優勢小麥產區建設，有利於優良品種大面積推廣種植和小麥統種統收，從而克服中國小麥質量不穩定的難題，優勢小麥帶建設也有利於提高生產者的組織化程度和產業鏈增值：加強政府對小麥生產經營的宏觀調控，在wto框架內加人小麥生產者支持水平、完善生產者支持結構、加快小麥市場體系建設等。 -
Then the author analyzes the backward study on legal effect in jurisprudential circle, and puts forward to his views on legal effect
然後，分析了法理學界對法律效力理論研究的滯后性，提出了本文對法律效力的理解。 -
( 3 ) analysis the influences to the technological innovation patterns of dg tncs by four industrial types ( resource industry, compare advantage industry, marginal industry i and marginal industry ii ). and make the empiricism research of chinese home appliance market. ( 4 ) have put forward the technological innovation models of " technological & marketing coupling model ", " backward integrated model ", " systems integration & networking model " of dg tncs. ( 5 ) distinguish the specific learning way of dg tncs technological innovation management, and analyze the innovation learning effect of developing country, developed countries and china tncs with dea. ( 6 ) point out the problems of chinese transnational corporation technological innovation pattern, and give out the countermeasure and suggestions
論文的主要創新點包括： （ 1 ）根據影響發展中國家跨國公司技術創新模式的主導因素，從國家、產業、企業層面分析發展中國家跨國公司技術創新模式； （ 2 ）提出影響發展中國家跨國公司技術創新模式的in ? ir框架，總結了工n一1r框架下發展中國家跨國公司技術創新的部分特徵; （ 3 ）分析資源產業、比較優勢產業、邊際產業i和邊際產業h四類產業影響下的發展中國家跨國公司技術創新模式，並結合中國家電業的現實作實證分析; （ 4 ）提出了「基於技術、市場作用」的發展中國家跨國公司技術創新模型、發展中國家跨國公司「倒一體化」創新模式和發展中國家跨國公司的系統集成網路創新模式; （ 5 ）區分發展中國家跨國公司技術創新管理的各種「學習」方式，運用數據包絡分析等方法比較分析發達國家、發展中國家和中國的跨國公司技術創新學習的效果和特點; （ 6 ）指出我國跨國公司建立技術創新模式過程中出現的問題，並提出對策和建議。 -
Effect of aerodynamic parameters of backward - step three dimensional slots on film cooling effectiveness
氣動參數對后臺階三維縫隙氣膜冷卻效率的影響 -
Moreover, according to the model, forward and backward relation between human capital industry and others is calculated, as well as forward and backward effect of increasing investment in human capital industry to gdp, and the demand drive and impulse of the human capital investment to other industries and the whole economics are worked out
分析了二者的後向與前向聯系以及人力資本部門投資對gdp的後向和前向效應，獲得人力資本相對于其他部門投資在整個經濟中的推動作用和需求拉動作用，以及通過這些作用對其他部門的總產出產生的影響。 -
Backward linkage effect
向後連系效應 -
The econometric results show that ( 1 ) the urban development in china have a trend of convergence, the larger the size of a city, the lower the population growth rate ; ( 2 ) the inertia of migration encourages urban population growth ; ( 3 ) the opening - up policy significantly favors urban development, and such effect is particularly significant in relatively backward inland areas ; ( 4 ) the infrastructure development has a significant impact on the speed of urban population growth
實證分析的結果表明： （ 1 ）中國城市的發展具有趨同性，即城市規模越大，人口增長率越低； （ 2 ）遷移的慣性對城市人口增長起促進作用； （ 3 ）對外開放能顯著促進城市的發展，在經濟還處于相對封閉狀態的內陸地區，其作用尤為顯著； （ 4 ）基礎設施條件能顯著影響城市人口增長的節奏。 -
Net backward effect calculation of water conservancy investment in capital construction in main river basins of china
我國主要流域片水利基建投資後向凈效應的計算 -
According to the research, the problems existing in the preschool in tianzhu autonomous county are : 1. the concept in villages and towns is backward ; 2. the outlay required in preschool education is not enough ; 3. the quality of the management is inefficient ; 4. the kindergarder teachers " literary level need to be raised ; 5. the one day ' s activities in the kindergarten have little effect on the progress of the children
並期在當地教育工作者的幫助下提高「保教」質量和幼兒入園率。本論文採用質化和量化相結合的方法。作者應用問卷調查法、訪談法、並輔以個案法、文獻分析法、實物收集等方法，了解當地幼兒教育。
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