cargo contract 中文意思是什麼
cargo contract
解釋
貨運合同-
Attending to procedures for ships entry into and departure from the port and arranging for pilotage, ships berth and loading discharging ; 2. preparing documents and, subject to authorization, signing bills of lading, contract of affreightment, ships dispatch demurrage agreements and collecting money and settling payment ; 3. canvassing cargoes, arranging passenger transport, accepting cargo space booking on behalf of the carrier, and attending to procedures for shipments and transshipment of cargoes ; 4
公司的業務范圍包括： 1辦理船舶進出港口手續，聯系安排引航靠泊和裝卸2繕制單證，代簽提單運輸合同速譴滯期協議，代收代付款項3承攬貨物和組織客源代辦接受定艙業務以及貨物的托運和中轉4聯系水上救助協辦海商海事5辦理船舶集裝箱以及貨物的報關手續6代辦船舶船員旅客或貨物的有關事項。 -
Finally, delivery of cargo without original bills of lading promote the development of shipping in a way in practice, it has reasonability in existence. chapter three is writer ' s study for 10 leading cases of chinese maritime court and court of cassation concerning delivery of cargo without original bills of lading, writer conclude as follows : chinese courts are inclined to regard it as breach of contract but not in tort in judicial practice ; chinese courts allow the plaintiff to choose to sue in tort or of breach ; chinese courts have abandoned the viewpoint of " who holder the bills who must have the right to sue " or " who holder the bills who must win the case " ; and in many cases concerning delivery of cargo without original bills of lading, the court ignored plaintiff ' s actions against the carrier, it proved that carrier can escape reasonability of delivery of cargo without original bills of lading in some cases
第三章論述我國海事法院及其上級法院就無單放貨案件審理的司法審判實踐研究，通過對十個法院判例的分析、歸納，筆者認為，在司法實踐中，法院越來越傾向于將無單放貨糾紛視為運輸合同糾紛處理，而不認定為侵權行為糾紛；法院允許原告起訴時以侵權起訴或違約起訴作出選擇；法院對提單持有人的訴權認定，已經不採用「誰持有提單誰就有訴權」與「誰持有提單就能保證勝訴」的觀點；有諸多的無單放貨的訴訟案例以被法院駁回起訴為結局，證明了無單放貨在特定情況下的合理性以及承運人有避免承擔責任的可能性。 -
A carriage contract is a contract whereby the carrier carries the passenger or cargo from the place of departure to the prescribed destination, and the passenger, consignor or consignee pays the fare or freightage
第二百八十八條運輸合同是承運人將旅客或者貨物從起運地點運輸到約定地點，旅客、托運人或者收貨人支付票款或者運輸費用的合同。 -
On the basis of this point of view and theories of civil law, it points out that delivery cargo by carrier without bill of lading is the breach of contract and may be the tort, however, while by agents of the carrier, it must be tort because of the non - contractual relationship between the holder of bill of lading and him. furthermore, this article gives out the solution to them. this paper also explains the defence of the carrier in the judicial practice and the effect of exemption clause in bill of lading
在此基礎上，根據民法的基本理論，分析了不同的行為主體實施的無單放貨行為的性質，認為承運人實施的無單放貨行為對提單持有人構成了違約，並有可能對其構成侵權，因此往往形成違約責任和侵權責任的競合；而承運人的代理人或其他人因為與提單持有人之間沒有提單形成的權利義務關系，因此他的無單放貨行為只能構成侵權行為。 -
The thesis starts from bill of lading ( b / l ) dissension and trade contract interior relation, wants to give some idea of the numerous b / l dissension frequently comeing forth injustice practice, such as note - made b / l dissension, advanced bil, antidated b / l dissension. delivery cargo without presentation b / l dissension, nobody picking up the goods ( including consignee refuses to pick up the goods dissension ), letter of indemnity in communication with all these dissension, and also to give some idea of carrier ' s duty at different kinds of dissension hereon foundation
本文從提單糾紛與貿易合同實際存在的內部聯系這一角度出發，結合中外法律的相關規定，對司法實踐中頻繁出現的若干提單糾紛：提單批註糾紛，預借、倒簽提單糾紛，無單放貨糾紛，目的港無人提貨（收貨人拒絕提貨糾紛）以及與諸種糾紛聯系緊密的海運保函糾紛問題作一些理論上的研究與分析，並在此基礎上探討了承運人在各種糾紛中的責任，提出了筆者的一些淺薄觀點。 -
Marine insurance is a contract whereby, for a consideration stipulated to be paid by one interested in a ship, freight, or cargo subject to marine risks, another undertakes to indemnify him against some or all of there risks during a certain period or voyage
海上保險是對船舶，運費或貨物擁有利益的一方針對海上風險支付約定的對價，另一方保證對在一定期間或航程中某些或全部風險負責賠償的合同 -
5 for cargo lots over 1, 000 m / t each, or any other lots less than1, 000 metric tons but identified by the buyer, the seller shall, at least10 days prior to the date of shipment, inform the buyer by telex or cableof the following information : the contract number, the name of commodity, quantity, the name of the carrying vessel, the age, nationality, andparticulars of the carrying vessel, the expected date of loading, theexpected time of arrival at the port of destination, the name, telex andcable address of the carrier
一次裝運數量超過一千噸的貨載或其它少於一千噸但買方指明的貨載，賣方應在裝船日前至少10天用電傳或電報通知買方合同號、商品名稱、數量、船名、船齡、船籍、船隻主要規范、預計裝貨日、預計到達目的港時間、船公司名稱、電傳和電報掛號。 -
6 for cargo lots over 1, 000 m / t each, or any other lots less than1, 000 metric tons but identified by the buyer, the master of the carryingvessel shall notify the buyer respectively 7 ( seven ) days and 24 ( twenty - four ) hours prior to the arrival of the vessel at the port ofdestination, by telex or cable about its eta ( expected time of arrival ), contract number, the name of commodity, and quantity
一次裝運數量超過一千噸的貨載或其它少於一千噸但買方指明的貨載，賣方應在裝船日前至少10天用電傳或電報通知買方合同號、商品名稱、數量、船名、船齡、船籍、船隻主要規范、預計裝貨日、預計到達目的港時間、船公司名稱、電傳和電報掛號。 -
The vessel carrying the contract goods shall be seaworthy and cargo - worthy and the age of which shall not exceed 15 years without the buyer ' s prior written consent
賣方所租船隻應適航和適貨，未經買方事先書面同意，其船齡不得超過15年。 -
Writer ' s view of point is that delivery of cargo without original bills of lading has the character of breaching of the contract, because releasing cargo against original bills of lading is carrier ' s legal liability in carrying out the carriage of goods by sea. also it has the character of action in tort, as if the actions violate the civil law of liability in tort, the doer shall take on the liability of compensation. however when actions are both of breach and in tort, the chinese law gives the victim the rights to choose to sue in tort or of breach, but some limitations in applying substantive law
第二章論述無單放貨的法律性質，筆者認為，無單放貨具有違約性，因為保證憑正本提單交付貨物是承運人在履行海上貨物運輸合同中的一項法定義務；無單放貨具有侵權性，只要無單放貨行為構成承擔侵權行為民事責任的要件，無單放貨行為人就必須承擔賠償責任；同時，無單放貨的違約性和侵權性可能構成責任競合時，我國法律允許受害人可以選擇一個訴因行使其請求權，但對實體法請求權的選擇，法律作出了一定范圍的限制；最後，無單放貨在某種程度上促進了航運業的發展，我們不能一概加以否定，無單放貨在特定情況下具有一定的合理性。 -
The liable persons in general shall return of cargo or continue to deliver cargo, or compensate for losses according to " maritime code of prc ", " contract law of prc ", and " general principles of the civil law of the prc "
無單放貨損失界定的法律依據是我國《海商法》 、 《合同法》以及《民法通則》的相關規定，責任人一般要承擔返還貨物或繼續履行交付貨物，以及賠償貨物損失的責任。 -
When an import entity signs a purchase contract, it shall select a port from those permitting the entry of imported drugs as the destination of cargo
進口單位簽訂購貨合同時，貨物到岸地應當從允許藥品進口的口岸選擇。 -
This article has been divided into five chapters, the contents of five chapters respectively are : the contents of the first chapter are about pollution compensation that oil leakage of the ships lead to in " maritime law " ; the contents of the second chapter are about delay delivery of the goods in " maritime law " ; the contents of the third chapter are about the cargo lien that the marine carriers have in " maritime law " ; the contents of the fourth chapter are about the rights that the shippers can change and terminate the contract unilaterally in " maritime law " ; the contents of the fifth chapter are about the limitation of liability for maritime claims system in " maritime law ". the contents of each chapter of this article are about a flaw of " maritime law ". as a result of the limit of article length and the limit of author ability, it is impossible to analyze the article of " maritime law " gradually, the article is only about five quite important flaws of " maritime law " to form five chapters, then we will introduce them gradually
但是，隨著我國加入wto ，國際貿易和海上運輸迅速的發展， 《海商法》在實施中暴露出很多不足。因此，有必要遵循科學性、適時性和法制統一性等立法的基本原則，對《海商法》及時進行修改。筆者認為，應當認真總結《海商法》成功的經驗和失敗的教訓，從目前和今後一個時期海上和與海相通的內陸水域的運輸和經濟貿易的現實和發展對法律的需要出發，參照和借鑒其他民商立法、國際海事條約、民間規則和合同格式，以及國外先進的立法例，吸收海商法理論研究成果，並考慮國際海事立法的發展趨勢，在船舶油污損害賠償的規定，遲延交付的規定，海上貨物留置權的規定，托運人變更解除合同權利的規定，海事賠償責任限制制度的規定等幾個方面修改現行《海商法》 。 -
Non - vessel operating common carrier ( nvocc ) refers to this kind of enterprise, which does n ' t operate or own any vessel, but can, in the name of carrier, receive consignors " cargo for transportation and issue its own bill of lading or other corresponding transport documents, and is entitled to collect freight and obliged to fulfill the contract for transport through actual carrier
無船承運人，是指自己不經營或擁有船舶，但能以承運人的身份接受託運人提供的貨載，簽發自己的提單，或者相應的運輸單證，收取運費，履行運輸責任，再通過海上承運人來完成運輸合同的經營人。無船承運人是貨運代理人發展到一定階段的產物。 -
The provision of this contract shall apply to the salvage services, wholely or partly, as defined in this contract that have been rendered to the vessel and / or her cargo, freight, bunkers, stores and other property in danger without the express and reasonable prohibition on the part of the salved party or the master prior to signing this contract
第十二條如果在簽訂本合同之前，被救助方或船長沒有明確和合理地制止，救助方對遇險的船舶及/或船上貨物、運費、燃料、物料和其他財產已提供了本合同所指的全部或部分救助服務，本合同的規定應適用於這種服務。 -
1 the vessel is covered subject to the provisions of this insurance at all times and has leave to sail or navigate with or without pilots, to go on trial trips and to assist and tow vessels or craft in distress, but it is warranted that with the exception of catch the vessel shall not carry cargo or containers for the carriage of cargo and shall not be towed, except as is customary or to the first safe port or place when in need of assistance, or undertake towage or salvage services under a contract previously arranged by the assured and / or owners and / or managers and / or charterers
1保險船舶在所有時間根據保險的各項規定承保，並許可在有或沒有引航員的情況下開航或試航及協助，拖帶遇險船舶或駁船，但保證除了捕獲的魚之外，不得運載貨物或裝載貨物的集裝箱，漁船不得被拖帶，除非是習慣性的，或當需要時被拖帶至第一個安全港口或地點，也不得根據被保險人、船舶所有人、管理人和/或承租人事先安排的合同從事拖帶或救助服務。 -
At the same time, our company help the customer provide import & export agent service, it include gather the international market information, inquire and offer, handling the check procedure and import license, sign contract, handling the transport and import & export cargo custom clearance procedure and so on
同時我們可為用戶提供代理進出口服務，內容包括收集國際市場信息、詢價和報價、辦理審批手續和進出口許可證、對外簽訂合同、辦理運輸和辦理進出口貨物的海關報關手續等。 -
4 the carrier or the signatory may unilaterally terminate the contract by written notice to the other party to the contract at any time after the minimum quantity of cargo committed under the contract has been met
4在達到合同規定的最少承運量以後，承運人或簽字者可隨時以書面通知的形式單方終止此合同。 -
This article works over the laws and practices of the cargo insurance and probes into the insurance contract about the concluding, the performing, the claiming for compensation, the compensation, the dissention and solving, the existent problem and the countermeasures in order to help the trader with insurance knowledge. the article is made of seven parts : 1. the maritime cargo insurance ensures the international trade to perform ; 2
本論文分為七個部分：一、海上貨物運輸保險是國際貿易順利進行的重要保障；二、海上運輸貨物保險合同的訂立及履行；三、 picc （ thepeople ' sinsurancecompanyofchina ）海洋運輸貨物險；四、索賠與理賠；五、海上運輸貨物保險糾紛與處理；六、海上運輸貨物保險發展中存在的問題；七、海上運輸貨物保險發展對策探討。 -
5 for cargo lots over 1, 000 m / t each, or any other lots less than 1, 000 metric tons but identified by the buyer, the seller shall, at least 10 days prior to the date of shipment, inform the buyer by telex or cable of the following information : the contract number, the name of commodity, quantity, the name of the carrying vessel, the age, nationality, and particulars of the carrying vessel, the expected date of loading, the expected time of arrival at the port of destination, the name and telex of the carrier
一次裝運數量超過1000噸的貨載或其他少於1000噸但買方指明的貨載，賣方應在裝船日前至少10天用電傳或電報通知買方合同號、商品名稱、數量、船名、船齡、船籍、船隻主要規范、預計裝貨日、預計到達目的港時間、船隻公司名稱和電傳。
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