causal research 中文意思是什麼
causal research
解釋
因果性調研-
To describe the clinical - radiological - pathological series ; to identify coronavirus as the causal agent of sars, which was an important international research breakthrough
確定冠狀病毒為引致sars的元凶，此乃全球有關研究的一項重大突破。 -
In the same time, the essay also dicuss the concept of the organizing criminal, its constitutive character and criminal responsibility, and introduce detailedly the relative question to the organizing criminal theory, such as view fault, causal relationship, status, executing excess, criminal form and organizing crime. thus we can gain a rational ontology realication, thereby it will push forward the research of the organizing criminal theory to a new depth in china
同時，該文還擬從組織犯概念和其構成特徵以及刑事責任等方面進行探討，並詳細介紹了認識錯誤、因果關系、身份、實行過限、犯罪形態、罪數形態以及組織型犯罪等與組織犯理論的相關問題，以期對組織犯有一個更理性的本體認識，從而旨在推動我國刑法學界對組織犯理論的研究向縱深發展。 -
Bottom - up processing and feature detecting theory based on strong electrophysiological evidences has played a dominant role in the visual research for long time. people know top - down processing just by common sense. knowledge or experience are recalled from memory by reactivation of their neural representations and affected visual processes. however recently, researches from human and monkey provide experimental evidences for top - down processing. first, mnemonic representation of visual objects and faces, located in the ventral processing stream of visual perception in monkey, provide the best evidences of how neuronal codes are created by neurons that have the special ability to link the representations of temporally associated stimuli ; second, experiments suggest that not only bottom - up signals from the retina but also top - down signals from the prefrontal cortex can trigger the retrieval of associative codes, which may serve as a neural basis both for the conscious recall and for the visual processes affected by top - down processing further studies will improve people s understanding of the causal relation of activation and behavior by use of combined fmri and electrophysiology or lesion studies
聯想性編碼是通過學習由一些具有特殊功能的神經元建立的，這些神經元具有將時間性關聯刺激的表徵聯系起來的能力。其次，不僅來自視網膜的底-頂信號，而且來自前額葉的頂底信號都能觸發聯想性編碼的提取，既可以作為有意識回憶的神經基礎，又是頂-底加工影響視覺過程的基礎。腦損傷病人研究具有高時間解析度的人類功能性核磁共振成像functional magnetic resonance imaging ， fmri和猴fmri研究以及猴細胞電生理分析相結合，將進一步加強人們對視覺腦機制的全面理解。 -
But in the theory field, the systematical and deeply research is not given, so the application of the rule of foreseeability appears the hazy and confused in the judicial practice. according to many questions about the rule in theory, the thesis expounds the theoretical development and legal values of this rule at first. then the thesis discusses about the theoretical composition of the rule, and holds the delinquent party should foresee that the range of compensation of damages is the damages caused by his breaking contract when he negotiates a contract. finally separately discusses on the relationship between the rule of foreseeability and the principle of complete compensation, between the rule and the doctrine of liability fixation for breach of contract, between the rule and the theory of causal relationship
然而，理論界對可預見性規則尚缺乏系統、深入的研究，導致在司法實踐中對該制度運用時的迷茫和混亂。針對可預見性規則的諸多理論問題，本文首先對可預見性的理論發展、法理價值進行了闡述;其後就可預見性規則的理論構成進行了探討，認為違約一方在合同締結之時預見或應當預見到的因違約造成的損害為其損害賠償的范圍;最後對可預見性規則與完全賠償原則、違約歸責原則和因果關系理論的關系作了探討，認為可預見性規則存在的積極意義在於合理限制違約損害賠償范圍。 -
For example, w. rostow considered that the growth of economy was aroused by leading industry, and industrial structure took a very important role in the economy growth ; h. chenery considered that industrial structure and economy growth had a bidirectional causal relation ; however, the most influencing theory was brought forward by s ? kuznets, who considered that it was economic growth which caused the variance of industrial structure advancement, etc. according to cointegration theory and granger causality theory, this paper, based on the summary of multitudinous scholars ’ research literature, carries a positive analysis to the relationship between industrial structure and economic growth, using the time serial data from 1978 to 2003 by
分析結果驗證了配第?克拉克定律的正確性即經濟的增長是就業人口向第三產業轉移的原因，但卻否認了庫茲涅茨的收入決定論，即至少在我國，產業結構的演進是經濟增長的原因而不是相反。同時，本文還原創性地論證了，我國的經濟增長與產業結構之間存在惟一的動態均衡關系即協整關系，產業結構與經濟增長之間短期波動與長期均衡關系存在於根據協整方程建立的向量誤差修正模型之中。 -
An experimental research on causal illusion
因果錯覺的實驗研究 -
( 5 ) this research was chosen to explore the increase in understanding that results from conceptualizing human responses to aggressive events as a combined function of causal attribution. this essay is a discussion of these concepts individually and a description of how features of each combine to explain perception of responsibility, affective response, and reactive strategy regarding aggressive behavior
（ 5 ）驗證性因素分析結果表明，原因知覺、情感反應、責任判斷以及期望水平是行為應對策略的重要預測源，責任判斷受到情感反應的直接影響，希望水平不僅受制於穩定性的歸因，而且同時還受到生氣和責任判斷的影響，行為應對策略的選擇決定於生氣的情感反應、責任判斷以及期望水平的大小。 -
There are 350 subjects in this research sampled from middle school in wuhan city. the study tool is a questionnaire compiled by us, and it is derived from national and international researches. we investigate and analyze the difference between students and teachers on causal attribution, affective response and reactive strategy after aggressive behavior
本研究是在韋納等人發展起來的責任歸因理論的基礎上，以武漢市的350名中學師生為研究對象，以研究者根據國內外研究進行自編的情境問卷作為研究工具，運用近年來採用較多的結構方程軟體lisrel ，調查並分析了中學師生在攻擊行為上的原因知覺、情感反應及行為應對策略等一系列因果關系。 -
By a causal research and analysis of emotional interactions in the teaching of english for non - english major graduate students and undergraduate students, this paper explores the inner causes to keep positive interactions and avoid negative interactions between the teaching parties and verifies that positive interactions produce correspondingly positive effects on english language teaching
本文通過對非英語專業研究生和本科生英語教學過程中情感因素的調查和分析，探索了師生間保持積極的情感互動、避免消極的情感互動的深層原因，證實了師生間保持積極的情感互動是教師教學和學生學習處于最佳狀態時的反應。 -
However, nicotine consumption is not diminished by the latter forms, and current research indicates a causal relationship between all forms of smoking and cancer of the mouth and throat
不過，后兩種並不能減少對尼古丁的吸食，並且當前的研究指出各式各樣的吸煙都和口腔癌、喉癌有某種因果關系。 -
Research on the eca generally assume that members of a given epistemic community share common causal and normative beliefs, as well as a notion of validity and a common policy enterprise
由於特定政策之知識社群的共同因果信念、規范性信仰、效度觀念及共同政策志業不是先驗的，故研究者不應預設知識社群成員具有某些共同特徵，並據此來解釋其政策影響力。 -
More specifically, the research provides an appropriate framework of entities among which causal relations are to hold ; it also develops a theoretical framework of event causation, under which the structures and elements of causal relations holding among these ontological entities can be described ; it gives a general representation tool for event causation supported by the ontological and theoretical frameworks, under which causal relations can be formalized as causal rules for practical reasoning, e. g., predictive reasoning, in which nonmonotonicity, as well as the other general properties and the nature of elements involved, can be captured ; it constructs computational frameworks for abstract causal reasoning models, such as causal prediction, causal explanation, and causal diagnosis ; and it finally extends and utilizes these abstract reasoning models to formalize causal knowledge in specific domains to develop practical causal reasoning systems for ai research, e. g., story understanding and legal reasoning. the research i s original from several aspects as follows : ( 1 ) the analysis of the internal structure of events provides a fundamental ontology for causal relations
具體地說，此項研究在以下幾個方面做了工作：它對因果關系存在的實體給出了一個合適的框架；它建立了一個基於事件的因果關系的理論框架，在這個框架下因果關系的結構與因素能夠被合理描述；它提供了一個得到本體論與因果理論支持的基於事件的因果關系的一般表達方式，使因果關系能夠被形式化為在實際推理（例如預測推理）中應用的因果規則，並使因果關系的非單調性以及其它的一般性質得到體現；它構造了基於事件的因果關系的抽象推理模型，特別是因果預測、因果解釋和因果診斷；最後它把因果推理模型推廣應用到具體的領域以建立實際的ai系統，例如在故事理解和法律推理中的應用。 -
The various countries " jurist has conducted the massive fruitful research to the causal relation question, and established many beneficial theories, but up to now still neither the project can resolve that problem carefully
各種學說理論從宏觀方面講，可以分為「一元論」與「二元論」 ， 「二元論」在總體上說是有力的見解，也為多數司法實踐所遵循。 -
Research on determination of the causal relationship in anti - dumping proceedings
反傾銷中因果關系的確定 -
A review on the research in judgments of causal power of single causal relationships
單一因果關系因果力判斷研究述評 -
Causal research for singular periodically time - varying discrete - time systems
周期時變廣義系統的因果性 -
As to the research approaches, there are three main research approaches : the observational approach involves gathering information by observing relevant people, actions and situations ; surveys are best suited for descriptive research ; for causal research, an experimental approach is most effective
至於調查方法，有三種主要的方法：觀察法，包括通過觀察相關的人、行為或情形來收集資料；測量法最適合於描述性研究；因果研究，是一種最有效的實驗方法。 -
However, the research of obsessive - compulsive problems is focused mainly on clinical community but not nonclinical community at present. particularly it is found that there is no research about the causal correlation of ocs and cognitive beliefs
然而，目前對強迫問題的研究主要集中在臨床群體，對于非臨床青少年的研究相對較少，尤其是國內未發現有從認知（認知信念）角度探討非臨床青少年強迫癥狀產生的原因。 -
The specification of a satisfactory general analysis of causal relations has long proved difficult. the research described in this thesis is an attempt to develop a computational theory of causal relations between temporally ordered events, and more precisely causal relations among partial states and actions, from the causal reasoning point of view
本論文中所描述的研究工作是試圖建立一個因果關系的可計算性理論，而且從因果推理的觀點來看，這里的因果關系被限制在基於時間上有序事件之間，更精確地說是存在於部分狀態與動作之間的。 -
Lastly, the current research ends with the findings of a causal model of adolescents ' internet use and personality traits as well as t he other influential factors
最後，在研究結果的基礎上推導出一個青少年網際網路使用、人格特徵及其他影響因素的因果關系模型。
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