causal theory 中文意思是什麼
causal theory
解釋
因果理論-
Determinism is the theory that the world, or nature is everywhere subject to causal law.
宿命論是認為世界或自然界處處受因果關系規律主配的理論。 -
The third part of this article mainly discusses the causal relationship in market manipulation, which is a block of the enforcement of the law against market fraudulences. because market manipulation is a kind of special tort, the author agree on the use of the " proof to the contrary " theory to lighten the proof burden of the damaged party in causal relationship. besides, this part also discusses such issues as how to decide the scope of legal plaintiffs, how to assess the losses of the damaged party
本文第三部分「操縱市場的因果關系研究」從民法一般的因果關系理論入手，並結合操縱市場的侵權行為中因果關系的特殊性，論述了操縱市場的侵權行為中因果關系是否成立的判斷標準，並主張對因果關系在民事訴訟中舉證責任的分配應突破「法律要件分類說」的要求，適用因果關系舉證責任倒置的做法，即由操縱市場案件中的被告負擔證明責任成立因果關系不成立的舉證責任，否則即推定因果關系成立。 -
The theory of indispensable condition can be the basis for the establishment of the causality in terms of causation in fact. meanwhile, the correspondence of causal relationship theory can be regarded as a principle for determining the causality both in terms of the scope of liability and the causation in law
為完善我國現代法治制度，我們應借鑒國外「二分法」理論，以「必要條件說」確立責任成立的因果關系或事實上的因果關系，以相當因果關系說等確立責任范圍的因果關系或法律上的因果關系。 -
In the same time, the essay also dicuss the concept of the organizing criminal, its constitutive character and criminal responsibility, and introduce detailedly the relative question to the organizing criminal theory, such as view fault, causal relationship, status, executing excess, criminal form and organizing crime. thus we can gain a rational ontology realication, thereby it will push forward the research of the organizing criminal theory to a new depth in china
同時，該文還擬從組織犯概念和其構成特徵以及刑事責任等方面進行探討，並詳細介紹了認識錯誤、因果關系、身份、實行過限、犯罪形態、罪數形態以及組織型犯罪等與組織犯理論的相關問題，以期對組織犯有一個更理性的本體認識，從而旨在推動我國刑法學界對組織犯理論的研究向縱深發展。 -
According to hierarchical framework of human error causal factors, relativity analysis method in grey systems theory, human factor events in certain organization and root cause analysis, the results by quantitative calculation are obtained as following : the order of main factors causing human error is organizational factor, personal factor, technical factor and environmental factor
根據建立的人誤原因因素層次架構，運用灰色系統理論中的關聯分析方法，結合某組織近幾年發生的人因事件及根原因分析方法，定量分析計算得到：影響人誤的主因素次序為組織、個人、技術和環境因素；影響人誤的主要子因素為管理控制因素。 -
Bottom - up processing and feature detecting theory based on strong electrophysiological evidences has played a dominant role in the visual research for long time. people know top - down processing just by common sense. knowledge or experience are recalled from memory by reactivation of their neural representations and affected visual processes. however recently, researches from human and monkey provide experimental evidences for top - down processing. first, mnemonic representation of visual objects and faces, located in the ventral processing stream of visual perception in monkey, provide the best evidences of how neuronal codes are created by neurons that have the special ability to link the representations of temporally associated stimuli ; second, experiments suggest that not only bottom - up signals from the retina but also top - down signals from the prefrontal cortex can trigger the retrieval of associative codes, which may serve as a neural basis both for the conscious recall and for the visual processes affected by top - down processing further studies will improve people s understanding of the causal relation of activation and behavior by use of combined fmri and electrophysiology or lesion studies
聯想性編碼是通過學習由一些具有特殊功能的神經元建立的，這些神經元具有將時間性關聯刺激的表徵聯系起來的能力。其次，不僅來自視網膜的底-頂信號，而且來自前額葉的頂底信號都能觸發聯想性編碼的提取，既可以作為有意識回憶的神經基礎，又是頂-底加工影響視覺過程的基礎。腦損傷病人研究具有高時間解析度的人類功能性核磁共振成像functional magnetic resonance imaging ， fmri和猴fmri研究以及猴細胞電生理分析相結合，將進一步加強人們對視覺腦機制的全面理解。 -
But in the theory field, the systematical and deeply research is not given, so the application of the rule of foreseeability appears the hazy and confused in the judicial practice. according to many questions about the rule in theory, the thesis expounds the theoretical development and legal values of this rule at first. then the thesis discusses about the theoretical composition of the rule, and holds the delinquent party should foresee that the range of compensation of damages is the damages caused by his breaking contract when he negotiates a contract. finally separately discusses on the relationship between the rule of foreseeability and the principle of complete compensation, between the rule and the doctrine of liability fixation for breach of contract, between the rule and the theory of causal relationship
然而，理論界對可預見性規則尚缺乏系統、深入的研究，導致在司法實踐中對該制度運用時的迷茫和混亂。針對可預見性規則的諸多理論問題，本文首先對可預見性的理論發展、法理價值進行了闡述;其後就可預見性規則的理論構成進行了探討，認為違約一方在合同締結之時預見或應當預見到的因違約造成的損害為其損害賠償的范圍;最後對可預見性規則與完全賠償原則、違約歸責原則和因果關系理論的關系作了探討，認為可預見性規則存在的積極意義在於合理限制違約損害賠償范圍。 -
For example, w. rostow considered that the growth of economy was aroused by leading industry, and industrial structure took a very important role in the economy growth ; h. chenery considered that industrial structure and economy growth had a bidirectional causal relation ; however, the most influencing theory was brought forward by s ? kuznets, who considered that it was economic growth which caused the variance of industrial structure advancement, etc. according to cointegration theory and granger causality theory, this paper, based on the summary of multitudinous scholars ’ research literature, carries a positive analysis to the relationship between industrial structure and economic growth, using the time serial data from 1978 to 2003 by
分析結果驗證了配第?克拉克定律的正確性即經濟的增長是就業人口向第三產業轉移的原因，但卻否認了庫茲涅茨的收入決定論，即至少在我國，產業結構的演進是經濟增長的原因而不是相反。同時，本文還原創性地論證了，我國的經濟增長與產業結構之間存在惟一的動態均衡關系即協整關系，產業結構與經濟增長之間短期波動與長期均衡關系存在於根據協整方程建立的向量誤差修正模型之中。 -
This paper expounded of the connotation of causality and causal anomaly ; it is pointed out that with closed systems the existence of tcahyons is compatible within the causality requirements of the theory ofrelativity, but the possibility of experimentation with tachyons beingsuitable for signaling must be excluded
摘要本文闡述了物理學中因果性和因果反常的涵義，指出在閉合系裡快子的存在可以和相對論因果性要求一致，但是適合作信號的快子實驗的可能性必須被排除。 -
Weiner ' s attribution theory is a kind of motivation theory to study how people understand and interpret the causal relationship of their own or others ' behavior
運用伯納德?韋納的成敗歸因理論，針對目前部分在校大學生缺乏英語學習動機的現象，制定了成敗歸因調查表。 -
Thirdly, the author goes on the discussion of the nature of international factoring contract. based on the comparison of three opinions, that is, the theory of abstract quasi - jus ad rem contract, the theory of causal contract of purchase and the theory of contract, the author deems the theory of causal contract of purchase the most reasonable, however, there is not the concept of cause in china ' s contract law, so the author defines its nature as one contract of purchase
最後，簡要介紹了學界中存在的有關國際保理協議法律性質的三種學說，即無因準物權合同說、要因買賣合同說和合同說，並對這三種學說進行比較分析，認為要因買賣合同說最具合理性，但由於我國並未有「要因」這一概念，所以將國際保理協議的性質界定為買賣合同。 -
Might not have his theory of character, which is unusual because he seems to have his own theory on everything, his ethics does rest on, if not presuppose, a particular conception of character, which is, in a nutshell, causal power plus genetic context - contingency
英文。給prof . cohon的報告hume s ethics ， spring ， 2002 。休謨的倫理學雖然普遍被視為德性倫理學的一支，但是對于性格character他卻著墨甚少。 -
Based on predecessors " studies on steam turbine generator - set ' s state monitoring and fault diagnose, this paper focuses on the models and methods used to judge the multiple faults. these models and models, which are based on fuzzy sets theory, probability causal model, artificial neural network technology and genetic algorithms, are tested by some existing examples and some useful conclusions are drawn. all above will put the theory of multiple fault diagnosis of a large turbine generator set a further step
本文在總結和借鑒前人關于汽輪發電機組狀態監測和故障診斷的基礎上，重點研究基於模糊集理論、概率因果模型、人工神經網路技術以及遺傳演算法的多故障診斷理論和方法，並用已有的汽輪發電機組振動故障事例進行了驗證，得出了一些具有實用價值的結論，進一步豐富和推進了大型汽輪發電機組振動多故障診斷的理論，並提出了一些可靠的、實用的新方法。 -
A analytical theory is established by putting causal elements into partial states and actions, which deepens our understanding of event causation at the level of partial states and actions. ( 3 ) a causal rule representation is mapped into default logic formalism, based on the examination of general properties of causation. the default rule representation provides a concise syntactic and semantic formalism for potential causal relations to be used in causal reasoning models such as predicting, explaining and diagnosing
（ 2 ）通過對因果關系的可能類型的全面分析，給出了因果關系的結構與組成元素，特別是區分了潛在的因果關系內的原因、結果和因果場中的激活條件，並且把它們同半狀態與動作對應起來，建立了關于因果關系的分析理論。 -
The specification of a satisfactory general analysis of causal relations has long proved difficult. the research described in this thesis is an attempt to develop a computational theory of causal relations between temporally ordered events, and more precisely causal relations among partial states and actions, from the causal reasoning point of view
本論文中所描述的研究工作是試圖建立一個因果關系的可計算性理論，而且從因果推理的觀點來看，這里的因果關系被限制在基於時間上有序事件之間，更精確地說是存在於部分狀態與動作之間的。 -
This course explores the history and debates over codifying the laws of probability, how probability theory applies to specific cognitive processes, how it relates to the human understanding of causality, and how new computational approaches to causal modeling provide a framework for understanding human probabilistic reasoning
本課程探索關于機率法則形成的歷史和爭論，機率理論如何運用於具體的認知過程，它與人類對因果的理解有著怎樣的關系，以及新的關于因果模型計算方法怎樣為理解人類的機率推理過程提供架構。 -
( 3 ) the probability causal model and the connective model based on the probability causal for the fault diagnosis of steam turbine generator - set are put forward by the analysis of the relationships between the probability causal model and the parsimonious cover set theory
（ 3 ）通過概率因果模型與節約覆蓋集理論關系的分析，建立了一種用於汽輪發電機組振動多故障診斷的概率因果模型和基於概率因果的聯接模型。 -
Another variable examined in the study is attributional beliefs. attributional beliefs are sort of causal explanations of the outcomes of one ' s performance according to weiner ' s attributional theory
韋納認為能力、努力、任務的難度和運氣是對學習成功或失敗進行解釋的四種重要因素。 -
For the extend model of cognitive map, conditional probability, theory of uncertainty and knowledge database are introduced to cognitive map, and fuzzy cognitive map ( fcm ), probabilistic fuzzy cognitive map ( pfcm ), belief knowledge database based probabilistic fuzzy cognitive map ( bkpfcm ), " extended dynamic cognitive network " are presented. therefore, those extended models can express the fuzzy and belief measure of uncertainty causal relationships and expert knowledge with uncertainty
本文把條件概率、不確定性理論及知識庫引入認知圖中，提出「概率模糊認知圖」 、 「基於信任知識庫的概率模糊認知圖」及「擴展動態認知網路」來表示事物間因果關系測度的不確定性、因果聯系的時空特性及專家對知識的不確定性，從而擴展了認知圖模擬現實世界的能力。 -
We study the design of haar wavelet for scale = a ( a2 ) and present a decomposition and reconstruction algorithm in chapter 3. secondly, in chapter 4 we study the design of orthonormal mutiwavelets of multiplicity r with scale = a ( a2 ). by the factorization theory, we give parametric expressions for orthonormal causal fir multifilter banks of r = 2 and scale = 4, and we found the length of scaling function can be controlled by the parameters. finally, we provide the error analysis between discrete multiwavelet transform coefficients and continue multiwavelet transform coefficients
由於多小波變換系數的計算是直接與其預濾波方式相聯系的，而在單小波變換系數計算中之所以能由近似表示就是因為尺度函數具有低通特性和平移正交性，由此我們研究了能滿足以上要求的預濾波，並對離散小波變換系數和連續小波變換系數之間的差異作了分析，從誤差分析結果我們可以預見：為了減少誤差我們可以通過對預濾波的進一步設計來控制。
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