corporate shares 中文意思是什麼
corporate shares
解釋
法人股-
For the purpose of these conditions, securities shall include but not be limited to the following investments shares in companies incorporated in any jurisdiction ; debenture stock, loan stock, bonds, notes, certificates of deposit, commercial paper or other debt instruments, including government, public agency, municipal and corporate issues ; warrants to subscribe for the above investments ; depositary receipts or other types of instruments relating to the above investments ; unit trusts, mutual funds and similar schemes established in any jurisdiction, options, whether on any investment herein described, on currencies, precious metals or other assets, or an option on an option ; contracts for the purchase or sale at a pre - agreed price and at a future date of any investment herein described or any currency, precious metal or similar asset ; viii contracts for differences or contracts on indices ; investments which are similar or related to any of the foregoing ; and unless otherwise expressly agreed, documents of title or documents evidencing title to investments previously deposited by the customer with the bank in connection with the provision by the bank of custody of investments and provision of securities services
此等條件所指的證券包括但不限於以下投資項目i在任何司法管轄權區注冊成立之公司之股份ii包括由政府公共機構市政府及企業所發行的債權股證貸款股額債券票據存款證商業票據或其他債務票據iii以上投資項目之認購權證iv有關上述投資項目之存款收據或其他種類之票據v在任何司法管轄權區成立之單位信託互惠基金及類似計劃vi上述之任何投資項目貨幣貴金屬或其他資產之期權或期權之期權vii按預先協定價格及在將來日期買賣任何此等投資項目或任何貨幣貴金屬或類似資產之合約viii差價合約或指數合約ix類似或有關上述任何一項之投資項目及x除非已另有明確的協定，客戶先前存放在本行之投資項目之所有權文件或可證明該等項目的所有權的其他文件。 -
To subscribe or acquire by any means whatsoever and to hold and deal in shares, stocks, debentures, debenture stock, bonds, obligations and securities issued or guaranteed by any company constituted or carrying on business in any part of the world, and debentures, debenture stock, bonds, obligations and securities issued or guaranteed by any government, sovereign ruler, commissioners, public body, or authority, supreme, municipal, local or otherwise whatsoever and mortgages, charges and other securities created or constituted by any person or body corporate in respect of any property movable or immovable wherever situate
捐款或以其它手段獲得、持有並處理世界范圍內各公司發行的各類股票、債券、公債、及有價證券，或由各國政府、君主、政府專員、公共團體及各類市政機構發行或擔保的各類債券、公債、及有價證券等，以及由任何個人或法人團體所做的關于任何動產或不動產的抵押、交易等。 -
With the rapid development of the security stock market especially the stock market in chian ， issuing stock and circulating on market became the first choice of financing for more and more enterprise at the same time ， more and more investors are attracted by the relately high initial return of stock however ， the problem of ipos underpricing always exists in the stock market according to the data of more than one thousand chinese stocks ， most new issues had great raise in the first trade day ， and investors could acquire higher initial return than the average return of the stock market or the same industry we find that initial returns on a - share ipos average reached 132. 24 percent the main body of this paper is made up of six sections ： in the first part ， we introduced the method of the estimate of pricing decision ； in the second part ， we analyzed the method of the pricing decision and issuing system in china ， discussed the advantage and weakness of the various issuing methods ， and compared the economic efficiency between the examine and approve system and authorization system ； in the third part ， we analyzed the reason of ipo ' s underpricing in detail from information economics and other factors and combined with the environment of the chinese stock markets ， we analyzed the special characteristics in china and how they effect the ipo ' s underpricing in the fourth part ， we analyzed the data of chinese stock market with spss ， made a analysis of the administrative pricing decision and market pricing decision ， studied the underpricing phenomena of chinese stock market ， and analyzed it ' s causes ； in the fifth part ， we made a analysis of the examine approve system and authorization system ； and in the last part ， we drew some conclusions and put forth some policy advices the follow are the conclusions and policy advices in this dissertation ： （ 1 ） from the results of this empirical study ， we found that the issuing price - earning ratio and the market situation before ipos are strongly and positively associated with the underpricing of shares ， the issuing scale of ipo and the hit rate are strongly and negatively associated with the underpricing ； （ 2 ） we found that after the abolishing of ipo ' s p / e ratio and the using of authorization system ， there is no significant difference among the underpricing of shares ， but considered with the market entironment ， we think that the ipo ' s underpricing has been correspondingly reduced （ 3 ） to reduce difference between the primary market and the second market ， we suggested that we shall bring the " over - allotment option ( oao ) " to bear and resume the state - owned share and corporate - owned share to circulate on market as soon possible
本文的主體由六個部分組成：第一部分介紹新股發行定價的估值方法；第二部分對我國的發行定價方式和發行制度進行分析，探討不同發行定價方式的優缺點，以及審批制和核準制經濟效率分析；第三部分從信息經濟學角度和其他因素的角度詳細分析造成新股發行抑價的原因，並結合我國股票市場實際情況，分析了我國市場的特有因素是否及如何影響一級市場的發行抑價程度的；第四部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股行政化和市場化定價進行實證分析，主要包括新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的實施情況和效果分析、新股發行行政化定價方式的實證分析，以及新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的比較實證分析；第五部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股發行審批制和核準制進行實證分析；第六部分是本論文的主要結論。本文的主要結論和建議有： （ 1 ）從實證分析結果看，我國新股發行抑價與市場環境、發行市盈率呈顯著正向關系，與發行規模、申購中簽率等呈顯著反向關系。 （ 2 ）取消發行市盈率限制和實施核準制等市場化改革措施並沒有降低發行抑價的絕對水平，只是由於市場環境的因素，發行抑價的相對水平才有所降低。 -
Appraisal remedy gives dissenting shareholders the option to sell their shares back to the company for fair value following certain fundamental corporate changes, such as merger, the sale or exchange of all or substantially all of assets of company
評估補償權制度是多數股東就法律規定的某些重大交易，如合併、重大資產買賣等事項通過決議時，給予反對該交易的持異議股東通過獲得現金補償退出公司的救濟機制。 -
It ' s the author ' s belief that this problem can only be addressed using many different methods, each with its specific focus : special staff stocks raised within a company should be allowed to circulate freely with public shares when the company goes on public listing ; dealings of those corporate shares of listed companies in the auction market should be given some freedom for further experiment ; a curb transaction market operating on a combination of command - driven and quotation - driven principles should be established as soon as possible
拍賣市場中參與者的層次較為豐富，賣方有急於償債或套現的小企業、專門穿梭于異地之間收購法人股的「黃牛」 ；買方有作長期投資的大企業、投資與投機相機決定的二級市場炒家以及投機的個人與個人組合。法人股拍賣市場的形成與發展源於法人股上市預期的加快，而個股拍賣價格的形成則以凈資產值為基礎，與公司經營業績、法人股總量、二級市場股價等密切相關。 -
In judicial practice, where in limited liability companies disputes concerning contribution verification, shares transfer, real rights for security, shareholders ’ voting rights, “ piercing the corporate veil ” and creditor suits against the flawed company need to be settled, it ’ s often necessary to determine whether some “ nominal shareholders ” exist and what legal liabilities they should bear
由於在司法實踐中，處理有限責任公司股權確認糾紛、股權轉讓糾紛、股東擔保糾紛、表決權糾紛、公司法人人格否認以及債權人追究瑕疵公司股東責任時，經常涉及掛名股東資格的認定及責任承擔。 -
The separation of a subsidiary or division of a corporation from its parent by issuing shares in a new corporate entity
指公司通過發行新公司的股票，將公司分支機構或部門從公司中拆離出去的行為。 -
The general corporate stockholder refers to the subject who holds the shares as the juridical person of firm. they have the business of product operation
一般法人股東是指以企業法人身份持有股份的主體，其本身有產品經營業務，追求所持股份的支配性。 -
At the same time the corporate governance mechanism was improved step by step. but in the other hand, because of the state - owned shares accounting for more than two - thirds of the total equities, it ' s general that state - owned assets operate inefficiently and the proceeding of the reform of china ' s soes is very slow
現代企業制度正在逐步確立，企業的治理機制日趨完善，產業結構日趨合理，公有制經濟正在退出，非公有制經濟有所增長，但國有及國有控股企業仍佔70左右，國有股「一股獨大」的現象仍很普遍。 -
We argue that this kind of ownership transfer improve the mechanisms of corporate governance, which includes rebuilding the board of directors, creating large shareholders, constraining agents and supervising insiders. at last, the case of zhengzhoubaiwen proves our opinion again. the transfer of state - owned shares ( baiwen corporation ) to corporate shares ( sanlian corporation ) improved the mechanism of corporate governance, and enhanced the corporation value
最後，結合「鄭州百文」的案例，我們分析在其股權結構的優化過程中，國家股向法人股轉讓后對大股東再造、董事會的重構以及對代理人監督和激勵機制的作用發揮效果，認為「鄭州百文」國家股轉讓給法人股是有利於其治理結構的完善，而且也提高了企業的績效，因此進一步驗證本文提出的國家股向法人股轉讓是有利於公司治理結構完善的觀點。 -
But guess what, the shares are doing better these days, and i have implemented some corporate governance reforms to get rid of some dead wood
近期股價漲勢喜人，而且我還實施了一些公司治理改革，清除些許朽木。 -
Foreign hedge funds think that this still values softbank too richly, given its huge debt and complex corporate structure ; they have borrowed softbank shares to sell, in the hope of picking them up more cheaply after a plunge
通過列舉軟銀的巨額債務和復雜的公司結構，國外保值基金認為，這仍然過高估計軟銀的價值；他們已經借了軟銀的股票來銷售，希望在一輪盲目投資后以更便宜的價格獲得它們。 -
Secondly, ownership control is an important way to restrain the act of plundering conducted by large shareholders while protecting the rights of minority shareholders. thirdly, compared to the inefficiency of state - owned shares and negotiable shares, the percentage of shares held by artificial persons is positively related with corporate performance. fourthly, interior shareholding has little stimulant effect on executive of corporate
目前中國上市公司的股權結構具有以下特徵： （ 1 ）股權高度集中， 「一股獨大」現象嚴重； （ 2 ）股份按照投資主體被劃分為國家股、法人股、社會公眾股，其中占總股本約2 3的國家股和法人股不可流通； （ 3 ）內部人即公司高級管理人員持股數量少、持股比例低； （ 4 ）機構投資者規模尚小，總體持股比例較低。 -
Corporate shares are mostly held by the state - owned economic entities, which is the essence of national indirect holding. state shares and legal person shares account for 60 % - - 70 % in a total equity of approximately. the shares of listed companies are concentrated highly, and the percentage difference between disparities
而法人股的持有人絕大部分是國有經濟主體，其實質是國家間接持股，因此國家股和法人股近似的共同構成了國有股主體，大約佔到了總股權的60 % - - 70 % ，在40 %左右的上市公司中，國有股東持股超過50 % 。 -
Analysis on the valuation methods of corporate shares in the reform of non - tradable shares
股權分置改革中法人股價值評估方法初探 -
Chinese authorities recently announced that reducing corporate shares in listed companies would be on trial
中國官方最近宣布，將進行減持上市公司法人股的實驗。 -
Despite limited official protection, houses, land, businesses, and corporate shares are privately bought and sold
盡管官方的保護很有限，那些房產，土地，企業及公司股票還是被在私人之間來往買賣著。 -
According to recent researches, we find out that even in america, large shareholders and institutional investors are important in corporate governance. and we argue that the corporate shares can be large shareholders and perform good supervision in corporate governance. in order to illustrate our opinion, we have collected 52 cases concerning transferring state - owned shares to corporate shares
本文中，我們將1998年發生的52起國家股股權變動的案例進行分類統計分析，表明國家股向法人股轉讓的樣本中，公司治理結構中的大股東再造、董事會的重構、對代理人的約束與激勵以及內部人的控制，都有程度不同的改進。 -
Chapter six presents empirical study of ownership structure and operating performance of chinese listed companies. it analyzes their relationship through multiple linear regression and other methods on the basis of the pooled data of a share listed companies from 1994 to 2001. the conclusions from this empirical study are as follows : stock ownership concentration ch5 and operating performance show u shape ; ratio of state - owned shares is negatively related to operating performance ; ratio of corporate shares is positively related to ope
本章以1994一2001為研究窗口，選用了1994一2001中國a股上市公司的集合數據，運用多元回歸分析等方法，分析中國上市公司股權結構與經營績效之間的關系，通過實證分析得到結論:股權集中度chs與公司績效呈現u型，國家股比例與公司績效負相關，法人股比例與公司績效正相關，流通股比例與公司績效幾乎不相關，財務杠桿與公司績效呈現負相關。 -
The non - circulating characteristics of the state - owned shares, the state - owned institutional shares and the corporate shares, accounting for about two thirds of the total shares, artificially cause the contradiction between supply and demand of the shares and lead to the deficiencies of the stock market ’ s function. as a result, the liquidity, which is an important feature of the effective market, loses its function of resource allocation
在我國股票市場中，占股份總數大約三分之二的國家股和國有法人股不能上市流通，人為地造成股票市場的供求矛盾，這種股份的流動性分裂現象，即股權分置現象，導致了我國股票市場功能的缺失，使得作為有效市場重要特徵的流動性失去了其資源配置手段的作用。
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