cultivated grassland 中文意思是什麼
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Based on an analysis of the history and present status of the farmland - pastoral ecotone in the northern part of china, a new point of view was proposed in this paper for the construction of eco - environmental systems, namely, the industrial structure has to be modified so as to make a functional integration between different parts of the whole system : to give priority to a combination between cultivated grassland and in - shed feeding of domestic animals, and at the same time, to employ a new model of animal husbandry so that the degradated natural grassland can be recovered ; to develop a new type of processing industry for agricultural and forestal products so as to create a pluralistic enterprise structure ; to make a better use of water resources by taking advantages of the abundant resources of energy and minerals, and to restrain the expansion of industries of high environmental cost ; to employ techniques of integration management and restoration ecology, and to speed up the process of woodland and grassland recovery ; to make a thorough plan for arrangements of hills, waters, roads, farmlands, forests and pastures in order to gain an integration at landscape level
摘要在簡要分析中國北方農牧交錯帶形成歷史和現狀的基礎上，提出了北方地區生態環境建設必須從產業結構調整出發、進行系統功能整合的思路：把人工飼草業舍飼畜牧業擺在農牧交錯帶經濟發展的優先位置，推行新型畜牧業經營管理模式，促進天然草場改良復壯；發展「綠色」農林牧產品精細加工業，建立多元化產業結構；發揮能源和礦產資源優勢，合理利用水資源，限制以破壞環境為代價的產業的發展；推廣區域綜合治理與生態恢復技術，加大退耕還林還草的力度；山、水、路、農、林、牧統一規劃，實現生態系統在景觀水平上的整合。 -
This paper adopts the land use state in2000a ( l : 3 + 104 ), the soil chart ( 1 : 6 + 104 ) and hectometer contour relief map ( include three chongqing area ) of chongqing and geology map ( l : 6 + 104 ) of sichuan province as basic analytical data, measure landscape patches into 7 types including cultivated land, orchard, forestland, unused land, grassland, resident and industry land, water bodies according to land use state basing on land use types, make the landscape map of chongqing karst area by gis software
本研究是以重慶市1 ： 30萬的土地利用現狀圖（ 2000年版） 、 1 ： 60萬的土壤圖以及重慶市百米等高距的地形圖和四川省（包括重慶市） 1 ： 60萬的地質圖作為基本分析圖件。在土地利用類型的基礎上，依據土地利用現狀劃分了耕地、園地、林地、未利用地、草地、居民工礦用地和水域7類景觀嵌塊體類型，再藉助于gis軟體生成重慶巖溶區景觀圖。 -
The land of mulberry fields, tea plantations, orchards, nurseries of young plants, forest land, reed land, natural and man - made grassland and other lan are not included in cultivated land
但不包括屬于專業性桑園、茶園、果園、果木苗圃、林地、蘆葦地、天然或人工草地面積。 -
The land of mulberry fields, tea plantations, orchards, nurseries of young plants, forest land, reed land, natural and man made grassland and other land are not included in cultivated land
但不包括屬于專業性的桑園、茶園、果園、果木苗圃、林地、蘆葦地、天然或人工草地面積。 -
Statistics of the area of land use are gathered based on nine categories of land, including the cultivated land, garden land, forest land, grassland, other agricultural land, land for residential areas and mining, land for traffic, land for water facilities and idle land
土地利用面積按耕地、園地、林地、牧草地、其他農用地、居民點及工礦用地、交通用地、水利設施用地和未利用地九大類進行統計分析。 -
Aiming at the ecological environmental deterioration of bashang, from 2002years to3 ~ 5months of 2003 years. sand - transporting quantity of land cover types were on - the - spot moinitoring in gale seaon, comparing the productivity of the main crops. improving environment and developing economy are compositively considered for applying returning cultivated to woodland and grassland to supply the base of theory and technology. the main results as following : 1 observing the sand transporting quantity of artificial grassland, stubble land and cultivate land. indicates that when wind speed is higher ( 8. 0m / s ), the sand transporting quantity of artificial grassland of 200cm reduces 35. 5 % in average more than that of cultivate land, 34. 5 % sand - transporting quantity than that of stubble land. no distinct difference between stubble land and cultivate land. and when wind speed is lower ( = 5. 0m / s ), the sand - transporting quantity of coverage is no distinct difference according to the analysis of variance
從改善環境和發展經濟兩方面綜合考慮，為實施壩上地區「一退雙還」提供了理論與技術依據。主要研究結果如下： 1對人工草地、作物留茬地及耕翻地的輸沙量觀測表明：勁風（ 8 . 0m s ）下，人工草地比對照耕翻地輸沙量在200cm高度內平均降低了35 . 5 ，比作物留茬地平均降低了34 . 5 ；作物留茬地輸沙量與耕翻地差異不顯著；微風（ 5 . 0m s ）下，不同地表覆被類型對輸沙量的影響差異不顯著。 -
F ) to retreat cultivation 1. 467 million ha for reforestation or recovering grass. g ) attheend, to adjust the proportion of cultivated land, forest, grassland from 7 : 6 : 1 to 1 : 1. 4 : 1. 2, this proportion is reasonable ratio for land use structure. for getting the above strategy targets, we must handle of the following relations : a ) the relation between development and environment protection ; b ) the relation between population and land resources ; c ) the relation between construction and farmland protection ; d ) the relation between quality and quantity of farmland ; e ) the relation between land using and economy development ; f ) the relation between land exploitation and landscape worth maintaining, etc. for getting the above strategy targets, we must also adopt some good measures : a ) to control the construction occupying farmland ; b ) to use land intensive ; c ) to improve low - yield farmland ; d ) to make regional land resources distribution effective ; e ) to make comprehensive profit ; f ) to make family planning continually ; g ) to promote urbanization, etc. by carrying out these measures, land resources in shanxi province can be used sustainable
同時，論文對土地資源利用潛力和未來趨勢進行了科學推理，提出了山西土地資源永續利用的戰略目標：到2015年，全省耕地面積穩定在433 . 3萬公頃左右，基本農田面積保持在366 . 7萬公頃左右，保證糧食產量100億千克；各項建設用地控制在14 . 2萬公頃，其中佔用耕地在7 . 9萬公頃，土地開發、復墾、整理補充耕地10萬公頃，改造中低產田10萬公頃，治理水土流失面積1 . 13萬公頃，發展園林草地146 . 667萬公頃（含退耕還林還草99 . 2萬公頃、園地6 . 7萬公頃） ；經過長期努力，使林草地總面積達到865 . 6萬公頃，耕地、林地、草地比例由現在7 6 1逐步調節到1 1 . 4 1 . 2較合理的比例。 -
In quantitative terms, from the year of 1973 to 1990, the absolute change extent obey the following sequence : dry field ( 8. 61 % ) > shrub land ( - 7. 06 % ) > paddy field ( - 3. 52 % ) > naked land ( 2. 12 % ) > tea land ( - 1. 92 % ) > forest land ( 1. 06 % ) > grassland ( - 0. 61 % ) > rural settlement ( 0. 58 % ) > traffic and industrial land ( 0. 53 % ) > water ( 0. 1 % ) > urban land ( 0. 06 % ) ; and from 1990 to 2002, dry field ( - 9. 79 % ) > grassland ( 3. 33 % ) > forest land ( 3. 18 % ) > paddy field ( 1. 98 % ) > naked land ( - 1. 45 % ) > rural settlement ( 0. 85 % ) > shrub land ( 0. 73 % ) > water ( 0. 48 % ) > traffic and industrial land ( 0. 47 % ) > urban land ( 0. 27 % ) > tea land ( 0 ) from the year of 1973 through 2002, the cultivated land increased and then decreased
從數量上來看， 1973 1990年，變化幅度從大到小依次是旱地>灌木林>水田>裸巖地>其他林地>有林地>灌草地>農村居民點>交通工礦用地>水域>城鎮用地; 1990 2002年則為旱地>灌草地>有林地>水田>裸巖地>農村居民點>灌木林>水域>交通工礦用地>城鎮用地>其他林地。各地類的變化方向和強度存在較大差異。 1973年至2002年，耕地總量經歷了先增后減的變化。 -
The project is mostly implemented in the poor areas of western china in that poverty and environment degradation are interrelated closely. so the project is faced with the problem of developing economy and alleviating poverty as well as reconstructing ecological environment. how to utilize the chance of " reconverting cultivated land into forest and grassland " to promote poverty alleviated is the subject of this paper
作為一項生態重建工程，由於貧困與環境退化之間的高度關聯性，使得「一退兩還」的實施地域更多的是在西部貧困地區，由而賦予了「一退兩還」以更多的功能，即在促使生態環境恢復的同時，也承擔著發展西部地區經濟、緩解退還地區貧困的歷史使命。 -
Feasibility analysis of returning cultivated land of sloping cultivated and necessity analysis of returning cultivated land to grassland in gansu province
甘肅省坡耕地退耕的可行性與退耕還草的必要性分析 -
Problems on returning cultivated land to forests and grassland
退耕還林還草工作中需要研究解決的若干問題 -
The results of monitoring, from june to august in 2001, showed that the average concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in runoff varied strongly, the loss concentrations in the cultivated lands such as sweet potato land and orchard land were higher than those in uncultivated lands such as grassland and woodland
降雨徑流中總氮、總磷平均濃度變異較大，總體說來，紅薯地和園地等有人工耕種的坡地氮、磷流失濃度最大，草地和林地等受人工影響干擾少的坡地流失濃度相對較少，高坡度林地流失濃度大於緩坡林地。 -
It is required from ecological environment construction and western china development that turning cultivated farmland into forest and grassland should be enhanced in the yangtze river basin, and prevent artificial soil and water loss according lawfully and strengthen overall supervision and law enforcement in soil and water conservation
生態環境建設和西部大開發要求長江流域加大退耕還林還草力度，依法防治人為水土流失，全面加強水土保持監督執法工作。 -
Studies on the energy and material use efficiency of cultivated grassland and farmland ecosystem in the hilly regions of southern china
南方丘陵地區人工草地和旱作農田能量物質利用率 -
In terms of the change magnitude of land use of main urban areas : land for residential areas and mining cultivated land grassland forest land idle land land for traffic other agricultural land land for water facilities garden land ; in terms of change magnitude of land use of various counties ( cities ) under its administration : grassland idle land cultivated land forest land land for water facilities other agricultural land land for residential areas and mining garden land land for traffic
主城區土地利用變化強度是居民點及工礦用地耕地牧草地林地未利用地交通用地其他農用地水利設施用地園地；而下轄各縣（市）土地利用變化強度是牧草地未利用地耕地林地水利設施用地其他農用地居民點及工礦用地園地交通用地。 -
The amount of cultivated land decreased, in - order, from the bottomlands to the hills with soft covers, the hills with hard covers and sand lands, while the amount of grassland is in an opposite direction
即由灘地、軟梁地、硬梁地到沙地，耕地的出現頻率依次減少，草地則依次增多。但此規律受人類活動等影響，差異變小。 -
By investigating and studying on the spot and consulting lots of data, this paper set up some vegetation - building technique patterns in physiognomy sections in loess plateau according to the theoretical knowledge of ecology, landscape ecology, developing and planning on district and soil and water conservation etc., as well as the facts of " the project of conversion of cultivated - slope - land into forestry and grassland " and the economic development characters in this area
摘要通過實地踏查、調研和大量資料分析，綜合運用生態學、景觀生態學、區域發展與規劃以及水土保持學等多學科理論，結合退耕還林還草與經濟發展的客觀實際，構建了黃土高原不同立地條件下的植被營建技術模式。
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