d cell 中文意思是什麼

Secretic granules in b cell are fairly big, cores are various. there is fairly big gap between the core and the limiting membrane ; the center of secretic granules in a cell exist compact core and there is no gap between the core and the limiting membrane ; secretic granules in d cell are too much, electron density of granules is lower, and there is no gap between the core and the limiting membrane, what ' s more, fairly big chondriosome can be seen in the cell

B細胞的分泌顆王曉麗尼羅羅非魚胰島顯微和亞顯微結構的研究13粒較大，芯的形態多樣，電子密度差異大，芯與界膜之間常有較大的空隙； a細胞分泌顆粒形態不規則，芯的大小不等，界膜與芯之間無空隙； d細胞分泌顆粒較多，芯的電子密度較低，界膜與芯之間無空隙，此外，胞質內可見較大的線粒體。

With the help of gomori aldehyde fuchsine stain, we can find three kinds cells in pancreas islet. there are yellow granules in a cell, purplish red granules in b cell and green or light gray granules in d cell

用gomori醛復紅特殊染色法，見尼羅羅非魚胰島有三種細胞： a細胞胞質中有黃色顆粒； b細胞胞質中有紫紅色的顆粒； d細胞胞質內有淺綠色或淡灰色的顆粒。

Time courses of administration in these three groups were different ( group - 2 : day - ( - 3 ) day - 11 ; group - 3 : day - 0 day - 14 ; group - 4 : day - ( - 3 ) day - 0 ). group - 5 were treated with cyclosporine ( csa ) ( 10mg / kg / d ) and group - 6 were treated with rad ( 3mg / kg / d ) by daily oral gavage from day - ( - 3 ) to day - 11. in group - 2, the peripheral lymphocytes number and t cell population were monitored

體外培養小鼠脾細胞，加入fty720 （ 10 m ） ，檢測dna改變及細胞膜表面annexinv結合率，還在cona刺激脾細胞增殖的培養體系中觀察了fty720 （ 10 m ）對t細胞表面cd25 ， cd69表達的影響。

D - glucosamine hydrochloride can be used to promote the synthesis of cartilage cell protein polysaccharide, to increase the viscosity of the joint synovia, to improve the metabolism of the joint cartilage, to treat rheumarthritis effectively and to prevent human body from cholesterol store so as to ensure human beings healthy and guard humaan beings against ageing

氨基葡萄糖鹽酸鹽能促進軟骨細胞蛋白多糖的合成，提高關節滑液粘性，改善關節軟骨代謝，有效治療風濕關節炎，並可防止人體膽固醇的蓄積，達到保健抗衰老的目的。

Unit cell geometric model of 4 - step 3 - d braided composites

三維四步編織復合材料單元胞體幾何模型

Conclusions ( 1 ) subacute senile mouse model can be used in immunosenesence reseach. ( 2 ) cd 137 may be an marker of aging. ( 3 ) the protection to aicd of cd137 decreased, indicate the function of cd137 was unusual. ( 4 ) the effect of d - galactose can modelling the different stage of aging. ( 5 ) the decrease of cd 137 expression on t cell from subacute senile mouse model and the aging mouse were due to the declining of their mrna. ( 6 ) the expression of cd 137 on t cells from from subacute senile mouse model and the aging mouse have a time dependently derease and the peak of cd 137 expression appeared earlier while the aging keep going on

結論（ 1 ） d -半乳糖致亞急性衰老小鼠模型t細胞cd137分子表達變化規律與自然衰老小鼠相似，造模兩個月後的大劑量組小鼠即可用於衰老個體cd137分子的相關研究。 （ 2 ）模型小鼠cd137分子表達隨衰老的發生發展呈規律性變化，提示該分子可能為t細胞衰老的分子標志。 （ 3 ）即使在衰老狀態下，機體對cd137分于的表達依然具有調控作用，提示兔疫系統的代償能力仍然存在。

3. a dimensionless parameter i. e. breaking symmetry a is defined which reflects the characteristic of molecular arrangement in non - symmetric lc cell, the expression is where d is the distance between the maximal tilt angle 0m and the below substrate, l is the thickness of lc cell

定義了一個反映不對稱液晶盒液晶分子排列對稱性特點的無量綱量? ?對稱破缺，定義式為= （ d - l / 2 ） / （ l / 2 ） ，其中d為傾角最大值_ m距下基板的距離， l為液晶盒的厚度。

The purposes of the present study were to investigate ( 1 ) the hemodynamic effects of agmatine in anaesthetized dahl salt - sensitive ( ds ) hypertensive and dahl salt - resistant ( dr ) rats ; ( 2 ) the effect of agmatine on vascular tension in the isolated aortic artery of rats and the underlying receptor mechanism ; ( 3 ) the effects of local injection of agmatine on femoral, renal, and mesenteric vascular beds by constant flow perfusion method ; ( 4 ) the effect of agmatine on l - type calcium current ( / ca - t ) in rat ventricular myocytes with whole - cell configuration of the patch - clamp technique ; ( 5 ) the effects of agmatine on free intracellular calcium concentration ( ca2 + d of isolated rat ventricular myocytes

（ 3 ）採用後肢、腎臟和腸系膜動脈在體恆流灌注法，觀察向灌流環路中直接注射胍丁胺的血管效應。 （ 4 ）應用全細胞膜片箝技術，觀察胍丁胺對大鼠心室肌細胞l -型鈣通道電流（ i _ （ ca - l ） ）的影響。 （ 5 ）用fluo3 - am負載分離的大鼠心室肌細胞后，由激光共聚焦法測定單個心室肌細胞[ ca ~ （ 2 + ） ] _ i的熒光強度，觀察胍丁胺對分離大鼠心室肌細胞內游離鈣濃度（ [ ca ~ （ 2 + ） ] _ i ）的影響。

Dunaliella salina ( d. salina ) belongs to chlorophyta, chlorophyceae, volvocales and its shape and structure are very similar to chlamydomonas reinhardtii ( c. reinhardtii ) except for lacking of cell wall. it is a kind of ellipse or pear - shaped unicellular tolerant alga with the length of six to fifteen um

杜氏鹽藻屬綠藻門綠藻綱團藻目，除缺乏細胞壁外，其形態和結構特徵與衣藻十分相似，是一種原生質裸露的嗜鹽性浮遊單細胞藻，長約6 - 15 m ，呈橢圓形或梨形，有雙鞭毛，能在水中游動。

4. a 2 - d and 3 - d euler equations and n - s equations are solved using the cell - centered finite volume method and four - step runge - kutta scheme on the cartesian grids with standard convergence acceleration techniques such as local time stepping, enthalpy and implicit residual smoothing

使用jameson中心有限體積法和runge - kutta時間推進方法，求解了關於二維、三維復雜流場的euler 、 navier - stokes方程，採用了當地時間步長、隱式殘值光順等多種加速收斂方法。

In this paper, the upwind scheme and the central scheme are presented for solving 3 - d n - s equations using the cell - center finite volume spatial discretization and four - stage runge - kutta time stepping scheme, with standard convergence acceleration techniques such as local time stepping and implicit residual smoothing

在n - s方程的數值計算上，採用了中心差分格式和迎風格式，用格心格式的有限體積法進行了空間離散，用四步龍格?庫塔法作顯式時間推進，並採用了當地時間步長和隱式殘差光順等加速收斂措施。

1760 samples produced by endophytes reserved by shanghai health creation center for biopharmaceutics r & d were tested on several models, and many bioactive samples were selected. the result of second round indepth - screening for these bioactive samples demonstrated that three samples still possecced great inhibitory ability against foam cell formation process of macrophage

本研究對1760份植物內生菌發酵樣品的活性通過多個模型進行了初步篩選，結果發現多個活性樣品，對活性樣品進行復篩，發現其中有三份樣品對巨噬細胞泡沫化抑制活性仍較強。

In the presented study, using h7721 human hepatocarcinoma cell line transfected with sense or antisense cdna of gnt - v, the effects of gnt - v on signal transduction an d its mechanism as well as the alteration of gene expression were investigated. we expected to elucidate whether and how the transfected glycosyltransferase modulate the cell signal transduction and gene expression

本文以穩定轉染gnt - v正義或反義cdna質粒的h7721人肝癌細胞為材料，從下列四個方面對gnt - v影響信號轉導及其機制以及引起基因表達的變化進行了研究，企圖闡明糖基轉移酶轉染是怎樣調節細胞信號轉導的

According to the guidline, two nd : yag lasers have been designed and set up, one is end - pumped by lower output power ld using a selfoc micro lens, and the other is end - pumped by high output power ld using a pair of lenses are designed, and the characteristics such as output power and power stabilization of both solid - state lasers are investigated. thirdly, when an empty liquid crystal cell is inserted in the cavity of the nd : yag laser pumped by high power ld, the laser can operates in single axial mode. finally, according to the relationship between the laser output power and the longnitudinal a ld - end - pumped nd : yag laser sensor for displacement measurement has been investigated theoretically and demonstrated experimently, the results indicate that when the mean radius of pumping inside the laser cavity is far less than that of the oscilating laser mode, the exponential of the output power is a gauss function of the longitudinal positon of focused spot of ld pumping beam, both the measurement range and the sensitivity are dependent on the incident pumping power, as the incident pumping power is increased, the measurement range is enlarged and the sensitivity is improve d

本文首先介紹了ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器的發展狀況、主要特性及其應用，從四能級速率方程出發，推導了ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器的閾值、輸出功率和斜效率的表達式，並簡述了激光器的工作原理、結構型式和倍頻方法；其次，以空間相關的速率方程為基礎，提出了ld端面泵浦nd ： yag激光器的設計方法，給出了一定泵浦耦合方式下，振蕩光模尺寸、最佳輸出耦合率、泵浦光模尺寸、泵浦光焦斑位置等參數的選取依據，以此為依據，設計了自聚焦透鏡耦合小功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器和透鏡組耦合高功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器，對激光器的輸出功率和功率穩定性等特性進行了實驗研究；再次，在帶尾纖輸出的高功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光腔內插入一隻空液晶盒，觀察到了激光器以單縱模運轉；最後，根據泵浦光焦斑端面位置對激光輸出功率的影響規律，提出了ld端面泵浦nd ： yag激光位移傳感新方法，並進行了理論和實驗研究，研究結果表明：當激光晶體內泵浦光平均光斑半徑遠小於振西安理工大學碩士學位論文蕩光束腰半徑時，激光輸出功率的自然指數與泵浦光焦斑的縱向位置成高斯變化規律，測量范圍和靈敏度依賴于泵浦功率，隨著泵浦功率的增加，測量范圍擴大，靈敏度提高，當端面泵浦功率為7 . 24w （最大輸出功率為1 . 926w ）時，激光位移傳感器的測量范圍和靈敏度分別是13 . 045mm和0 . 148mw / pm 。

At the aspect of hardware design, it adopts pulse distributor and the technology of single polar voltage drive to accomplish the function of controlling and driving stepmotor ; it adopts the technology of pulse width modulation and cmos h - bridge drive to accomplish the function of controlling and driving dc servomotor ; it adopts d / a convertor to accomplish the function of controlling ac transducer ; it adopts the technology of digital phase detection to accomplish the function of detecting the feedback position signal of induction phase shifter ; it adopts dsp ’ s capture cell to accomplish the function of detecting the feedback position signal of photoelectric coder

硬體方面，採用脈沖分配器和單極性電壓驅動技術實現了步進電機的控制和驅動功能;採用脈寬調制技術和cmos互補h橋驅動技術實現了直流伺服電機的控制和驅動功能;採用d / a轉換器實現了交流變頻器的控制功能;採用數字化相位檢測技術實現了感應移相器位置反饋信號的檢測功能;採用dsp的捕獲單元實現了光電編碼器位置反饋信號的檢測功能。

Anderson p, askgoard d, ljunggvist l, et al. t cell proliprative response to antigens secreted by mycobacterium [ j ]. tuberculosis infection and immunity, 1991, 59 : 1558

陸學東，孫惠平，張銀輝.免疫印跡技術在臨床結核病血清學診斷中的應用[ j ] .中華結核和呼吸雜志， 1993 ， 16 : 357 359

The results show that high inlet velocity and porosity is favorable for fuel cell performance. based on above - mentioned 3 - d mathematical model, a comparison study of pemfc with conventional and interdigitated flow fields has been conducted at last

最後，基於前面建立的數學模型，比較和計算了傳統流道設計和交叉梳狀流道設計pem燃料電池的流場、電流密度和物料等的多維分佈。

The characteristics of this method are : a, directly counting cell number without the influence of the metabolic state of the cells ; b, discrimination of target cells from effector cells in cell - mediated cytotoxicity assay ; c, less treatment step, and free - radioactivity ; d, high sensitivity and reliability. 2, using the above assay, immunofluorescent labeled technique, and flow cytometry, the pbmc proliferation, apoptosis, necrosis, cell cycle, activation, cytokines and membrane marker were detected. the results showed that the number of pbmc reduced, but the activity of pbmc increased dose - dependently ; the reduction of cell number resulted from necrosis and apoptosis ; the supernatant of k562 cell lines were not able to block the cell cycle, but to promote it ; the ratio of t cell subset and the expression of thl and th2 cytokines increased

結合以上創建的方法和免疫熒光流式細胞術，用k562細胞株可溶性分泌物（上清）對外周血單個核細胞（ pbmc ）進行培養以模擬體內微環境，然後分別從細胞增殖、凋亡、壞死、細胞周期、活性、細胞因子和表面抗原表達等方面進行研究，結果發現用腫瘤上清培養的pbmc細胞數量下降明顯，但同時對其有激活作用，且呈劑量依賴性；細胞數的下降主要是由細胞壞死和凋亡引起的，腫瘤上清對細胞周期沒有阻斷作用，反而略有促進作用； t細胞亞群比例增加，並促進表達th1 、 th2細胞因子。

Zhang x d, zhao y, zhu f, et al. fabrication of high growth rate solar - cell - quality c - si : h thin films by vhf - pecvd [ j ]. chinese physics, 2004, 13 ( 8 ) : 1370

汪六九，朱美芳，劉豐珍，等.熱絲化學氣相沉積技術低溫制備多晶硅薄膜的結構與光電特性[ j ] .物理學報， 2003 ， 52 （ 11 ） : 2934 - 2937

In the immunohistochemical localization study, d - cells lie in the whole digestive tract, the most d - cell presents in stomach ; g - cell is the most in the pyloric gland of stomach ; a - cell is found only in the stomach and small intestine accidentally

免疫組織化學方法發現，生長抑素細胞在整個消化道均有分佈，其中在胃底腺和幽門腺最多，小腸和食管中偶見；胃泌素細胞在幽門腺最多，其次是胃底腺和大腸。