demand items 中文意思是什麼
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This paper develops a deterministic inventory model for perishable items with a mixture of back orders and lost sales under inflation and time discounting, where the backlogged demand rate is dependent on the negative inventory level during the stock out period. the main differences from the existing related models are that the present model takes the maximum present value of profit in a repeatable order cycle as the objective function and proposes a more practical constraint of maximum customer - waiting time to ensure a proper customer service level. then the existence and the uniqueness of the solution to relevant systems are examined and a solution algorithm is shown to find the optimal replenishment policy. at last, some numerical examples are presented to illustrate the applicatioh of the model
本文建立了一種考慮通貨膨脹與時間價值的變質性物品的庫存模型，在模型中允許短缺發生且拖后的需求速率與在缺貨期間已經發生的缺貨量有關.和已有相關模型的主要區別在於本模型把一個可重復的訂貨周期內的最大平均利潤的凈現值作為目標函數，且增加了在缺貨期間最長顧客等待時間的限制，以確保庫存系統擁有較高的服務水平.然後討論了模型最優解的存在性與唯一性，並提供了尋求模型整體最優解的演算法.最後用實例說明了此模型在實際中的應用 -
Discount pricing model for easy - deteriorated items under elastic demand
在彈性需求和物品易變質條件下數量折扣定價模型 -
Erna 183 ; raid items ' characteristic and it ' s demand for the fitness
國際偵察兵競賽項目特徵及對參賽隊員體能的要求 -
Summer homes, european travel, bmws ? ? the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago
消夏別墅、歐陸旅行、寶馬車? ?地點、地名以及品牌或許會有變化，但這類事物在今天被人渴求的程度也似乎不會亞於一二十年前。 -
Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. summer homes ， european travel ， bmws ? ? the locations ， place names and name brands may change ， but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago
參考譯文]當然，人們現在對成功及其各種標志的興趣似乎並不亞于先前。消夏別墅、歐陸旅行、寶馬車? ?地點、地名以及品牌或許會有變化，但這類事物在今天被人渴求的程度也似乎不會亞於一二十年前。 -
So we should work in according to the principle of the economic responsibility in the past, now and future. and improve the work constantly. to examine the inner economic responsibility, the enterprise should distribute the state demand to the department 、 workshop and work group in every items
論文提出了經濟責任制及其考核相關的概念，對國內及行業經濟責任制政策變遷和發展進行了深入研究，闡述了我國經濟責任制考核隨著20年時代變遷的背景和大環境發生的政策變化。 -
This paper fully analyzed and discussed the progressive process of hydropower plant operation mode, the development process and trend of cscs ; simply introduced the regulations and demands of no operator on duty in hydropower plant ; analyzed all kinds of demand of cscs to implement no operator on duty ; in allusion to the running actualities of the operation management mode, analyzed the difficulties to implement no operator on duty in gehp ; put forward the reforming items for devices and equipment maintenance and demands of reforming of cscs to implement no operator on duty in gehp ; advanced a new concept and idea : " computer operator " and " computer operator director " ; and set up a new operation management mode - no operator on duty in gehp that is appropriate to three gorges cascade dispatch center ( tgcdc )
本文全面分析論述了水電廠運行值班方式進步的過程和計算機監控系統的發展及其趨勢；簡要介紹了水電廠無人值班的規定和要求；分析了實行無人值班對計算機監控系統的各項要求；針對運行值班方式的現狀，分析了二江電廠實現無人值班的難點；提出了實現無人值班需配套進行的設備改造項目和適應無人值班的設備維護管理模式；重點分析了二江電廠實現無人值班對計算機監控系統改造的要求，提出了「電腦值班員」和「電腦值長」的概念和思路。建立了二江電廠在三峽梯調聯合調度模式下的無人值班管理新模式。 -
With the actual sales data, the demand forecasting model has been testified and proved to be reliable. the inventory items to be managed have been determined based on the related producing process, the ingredient requirements and the material - consuming indicators. through the example of demand in 2004, the required practical calculation formulas, decision tools, and the actual steps for cycle inventory and safety inventory management between any adjacent firms of hongfu ammonia - phosphate supply chain are presented, and the managerial levers from inventory management perspective to improve the performance and to decrease the cost of hongfu ammonia - phosphate supply chain are carried out, so are the deduced inventory management policies
根據相關工藝流程、成分組成、工藝技術消耗指標，用excel建立了「宏福磷酸銨工藝技術消耗指標」表，利用它可以高效率地計算出宏福磷酸銨庫存管理項目和數量，並利用它具體地明確了宏福磷酸銨2004年的庫存管理涉及的具體科目和各科目的數量；指出了宏福磷酸銨供應鏈中各主要環節的周轉庫存管理和安全庫存管理的基本思路、要平衡的成本項目、要奔赴的目標、公式的推導、具體操作步驟、決策工具。 -
Based on the specilized production of interim products, this paper mainly focuses on the study of two aspects, dealing with the problems such as incompleteness and improperness of costing, inefficient cost controlling, etc. this paper also introduces the delimitation cost calculation method consisting with the characteristics of interim products to facilitate the items of costing ; discusses the demand of financial management development and accounting information quality in the era of knowledge economy ; puts forward a viewpoint that business credits are the excess value in human recourses ; conducts a study on the characteristics of shipyards ’ production organization and management requirements in the view of the features of specialized production of interim products and of the problems in cost calculation concerning ill objectivity, pertinence and poor readability ; and brings out delimitation cost calculation method in terms of batch parts method, thereby enrichs the contents of human resource capital calculation and quality costing of shipbuilding in accordance with the characteristics and requirements of specified interim products production in modern shipbuilding industries, this paper carries out the research of the
因此，本文基於中間產品專業化生產，針對中國船廠成本核算內容不完整、核算方法不適應，成本控制效果差等問題著重進行了兩方面的研究工作。提出適應中間產品特徵的分層成本計演算法，完善成本核算內容。探討知識經濟時代財務管理發展要求和會計信息質量要求，提出商譽是人力資本超額使用價值的觀點，針對現代造船中間產品專業化生產所具有的特點，以及成本核算中客觀性和相關性差，可讀性不強等問題，研究了船廠生產組織特點和管理要求，提出了延伸于分批零件法的分層成本計演算法，拓展了造船人力資本和質量成本的核算內容。 -
Summer homes, european travel, bmws ? the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago
避暑別墅、歐洲旅行、寶馬車? ?它們的位置、地名和商標可能會改變，但現在對這些東西的需求似乎並未比一二十年前減少。 -
Taking advantage of the abundant local iron ore and coal materials, the iron pipe factory pipe fitting factory and cast iron factory, in order to meet the local market demand, developed products of four series with 300 items. these items are divided into two categories, mainly centrifugal cast iron pipe, pipe fittings, stainless steel joints and clamps, art - enclosure, seamling steel pipes, manhole, covers and balance weight iron
煉鐵廠鑄管廠和管件廠根據市場需求和當地豐富的優質生鐵煤炭資源優勢，形成一條的生產優勢。開發出四大系列三百多個品種的產品，分灰口鑄鐵和球墨鑄鐵兩大類，主要有離心鑄管管件井蓋配重鐵等。 -
From 1990 to 1995, the average annual inflation rate of residential rents was 3. 1 percentage points higher than that of other items of household expenditure. rents grew from 20. 6 percent of average household expenditure to 25. 3 percent. such pressures fuelled demand for higher salaries, raising overall operating costs
由1990年至1997年間，租金的增長較其他消費項目的增長高出三點一個百分點，同期間，租金占家庭消費開支的比例亦由百分之二十點六上升至百分之二十五點三。 -
Analysing the fram of china unicom dezhou branch cdma marketing strategy, dezhou branch erects demand strategic conception. it takes users " measure, and makes the different service items
以德州聯通cdma市場營銷分析，為用戶量體裁衣，制定滿足用戶需要的消費套餐，從顧客價值出發制定營銷戰略，贏得顧客和留住顧客。 -
The paper make certain the main work items and the relation of sequence preference. according to agricultural demand and the agricultural machinery in existence, it optimiz and equipping the agricultural machinery of zhengzhi village in term of main work items by the methods of expert recommendation and test and antitheses. at last, on the basis of optimizing and equipping, it bring out the model of rice mechanization and industrialization of zhengzhi village. this thesis comprehensively appraises the model, the conclusion is that favorable economic and social benefits can be received by setting up agricultural machinery joint share company
全文分以下幾個部分：首先，對政治村農業生產系統進行了環境辯識和問題診斷，明確了該村農業系統發展的優勢和基本問題，為農業產業結構調整指明了方向；其次，分析了該村水稻生產的工藝過程，確定了主要作業項目及優序關系，並根據農藝要求及該村現有的農業機械，運用試驗對比法和專家推薦法對政治村的農業機械按主要作業項目進行優化配備；最後，在優化配備的基礎上，提出了政治村水稻機械化產業化經營的模式，並對該經營模式進行了系統的綜合評價，得出結論：組建農機股份作業公司可獲得良好的經濟效益和社會效益。 -
It extends the traditional economic production quantity model ( epq ) with deteriorating items to consider resource limitations and to allow for shortages as well as price dependent of demand
在模式中討論貨品損耗率為變化之情況，此時利用韋伯分配描述貨品之損耗性。 -
In order to meet the demand of marketing and management of enterprises, it is necessary to control inventory scientifically. inventory controlling is the set of methods, techniques, processes of managing inventory, which include planning, coordinating, manipulating inventory of enterprises. its content is deciding the inventory position, the reorder point, the requisition objective for stoked items of the enterprise in terms of its profit target and the market situation ; concretely speaking, the essential of inventory control is to answer : when should the enterprise order items and how much should be ordered, how high should the basic inventory, safe inventory and velocity ratio of a certain item of the inventory system be
為了使企業在保持最少庫存的前提下最好地滿足企業經營目標和市場的需要，需要對庫存進行科學地控制。庫存控制是：以控制庫存為目的的方法、手段、技術以及操作過程的集合，它是對企業的庫存（包括原材料、零部件、半成品以及產品等）進行計劃、協調和控制的工作。庫存控制的內容，主要是根據市場需求情況和企業的經營目標，決定企業的庫存量、訂貨時間以及訂貨量等。 -
" to meet customers demand on sending small items, two new carton boxes are now put on sale at post offices
蔣任宏說：為了迎合顧客郵寄小郵包的需要，兩款尺寸較小的新郵政紙盒現已於郵政局發售。 -
With the keen social competition nowadays and influence from the educational industrialization of foreign countries, the demand for training raised by enterprises an individuals in china increased day by day. consequently, the educational training, as the new and developing trade, has a bright and broad future, and meanwhile possibly becomes the most valuable investment items
隨著當前社會競爭的日益激烈，以及國外教育產業化的影響，國內的企業和個人對培訓的需求日益增加，教育培訓作為一個新興的行業有著廣闊的前景並成為最有價值的投資項目。 -
Those items are in the greatest demand in foreign markets
那些產品在國外市場上的需求量很大。 -
Based on the analysis, some scientific concepts for tourism shopping enterprises and also the “ term ” tourism shopping system were put forward. a framework of tourism shopping system was then schemed. it comprised three subsystems of tourism shopping such as demand system, supply system and support system, i. e. demand system mean the tourist market, supply system made up of three function items of article accommodation, basic facilities and services including personnel management for tourism shopping, and the support system included the policy and
在這一指導思想基礎上，結合旅遊購物業特點，運用系統科學理論，建立了旅遊購物系統的理論框架，並提出完整的旅遊購物系統是由旅遊購物需求系統（即客源市場系統） 、供給系統（即旅遊商品系統、旅遊購物環境系統、旅遊購物銷售服務人員系統）和支持系統（即政策法規系統、從業人員培訓系統、目的地信息系統）三部分組成。
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