earthquake statistics 中文意思是什麼

Based on macroscopical earthquake calamities and laboratory tests, traditional methods about estimation and grade evaluation of liquefaction are inducted by means of generalization, analyses and statistics, which have some practicability and some limitation

傳統的判別和等級評價方法多是在宏觀震害現象和室內試驗基礎上總結、分析、統計得到的，有一定的實用性，但也存在著一些局限性，結論可靠度尚需提高。

Present methods generally based on the statistics of earthquake damage, expert experiences, theory analysis and experimental researches have obvious advantages, disadvantages and certain scopes of application ; ( 2 ) different prediction methods should be adopted against different building conditions, sites, intensity and experiences etc to predict earthquake damage of buildings for prospective accuracy, dependability and availability ; ( 3 ) earthquake damage matrix, which is the foundation of earthquake damage prediction, of 7 kinds of building in the urban areas of zhangzhou city under intensity 6 to 9 has been set up. the damage conditions of different buildings under different intensity are as followings : all kinds of structures are basically intact under intensity 6 ; the reinforced concrete structures are basically intact under intensity 7, but other kinds of structures are destroyed slightly ; the reinforced concrete structures are still basically intact while other kinds of structures are destroyed intermediately under intensity 8 ; the reinforced concrete structures are destroyed slightly, single - story factories and open houses are destroyed intermediately and other kinds of structures are destroyed seriously under intensity 9 ; ( 4 ) the results of earthquake damage predicting of buildings embody the damage when earthquake happens in the future. thus, further identifications and reinforcements should be considered to buildings that will be destroyed intermediately or more under the earthquake with 10 % exceeding probability in future 50 years ; ( 5 ) the direct economic losses caused by damage of buildings resting with the area, structural type, intensity and damage of all kinds of buildings are the main part of the losses of the city in an earthquake ; ( 6 ) the direct economic losses increased progressively toward high intensity by 2 or 3 times

基於上述研究，得出的主要結論有：建築物震害預測是一個模糊的、系統的、復雜的問題，現有的方法很多一般都是以震害統計規律、專家經驗、理論分析和試驗研究為依據，有其自身的優缺點和一定的適用范圍；應針對不同的建築物條件、場地條件、地震強度和已有經驗等，採用不同的預測方法進行建築物震害預測，以使預測結果達到預期的精確性、可靠性和可操作性；建立了漳州市區7類建築物在6度9度地震作用下的震害矩陣，成為指導抗震防災的重要依據，各類結構的震害情況表現為： 6度地震作用下各類建築物基本完好； 7度地震作用下除鋼筋混凝土結構基本完好外其餘以建築輕微破壞為主； 8度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構仍以基本完好為主而其餘建築以中等破壞為主； 9度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構以輕微破壞為主，單層工業廠房和空曠房屋以中等破壞為主，其餘建築以嚴重破壞為主；建築物的震害預測結果體現了未來地震來臨時的震害程度，在編制漳州市區抗震防災規劃時，對于遭遇50年超越概率10的地震影響發生中等以上破壞的建築物應考慮進行抗震鑒定和加固；由建築物的破壞所造成的直接經濟損失是城市地震經濟損失的主要部分，重慶大學碩士學位論文中文摘要其主要與建築物總面積、結構類型、地震烈度和各類建築物的震害程度有關;不同烈度造成的直接經濟損失按2一3倍向高烈度方向遞增，漳州市區直接經濟損失由6度至9度的比例關系為1 : 2 . 8 : 8 . 6 : 22 . 8 ;遭遇基本地震設防烈度（ 7度）時，漳州市區直接經濟損失約4 . 5億元，無家可歸人員約40000人，且以磚木結構和多層磚混結構的震害損失最大;地震造成的人員傷亡主要與建築物倒塌及嚴重破壞的程度和總面積以及震時的建築物室內人數密切相關，地震時無家可歸人員主要與住宅倒塌、嚴重破壞及中等破壞的程度和總面積以及城市人均居住面積密切相關。

Abstract : based on the results obtained from seismic safety evaluation of 128 engineerng sites in china, statistics and analysis of relevant intensities with differient probability levels and peak acceleration are made to provide parameters of probability levels of earthquake resistance in the seismic design code

文摘:以全國范圍內128項工程場地地震安全性評價結果為基礎，對不同概率水平相應的地震烈度和加速度峰值進行統計分析，為合理確定抗震設計規范中設防地震的概率水平提供了依據。

Mechanism of earthquake - induced saturated sand liquefaction and statistics assessment method

地震時飽和砂土液化機理及統計判別法

Wang xiaoqing and ma zongjin, 1990, deep crustal structure of north china seismic region, revealed by earthquake statistics and geopgysics data ( abstract ), international workshop on continental seismogenetic layer, april 27 - 30, beijing, china

王曉青， 1992 ，華北地震區地震空間分佈與震源層構造特徵，大陸多震層研究，北京：地震出版社。

Statistics according to the research, the answering time spent in the lord brake with led is 80ns quicker than the traditional incandescent lights and it can add 4m - 6m more safe distance while in the superhighway. because of the led s good anti - earthquake function, the stanza electricity, green environmental protection and other characteristics, the automobile illuminate, light decoration and other application also will have good development

據研究統計， led用作汽車主剎車燈時的響應時間比傳統的白熾燈要快80ns ，在高速公路上行駛會增加4m - 6m的安全距離。由於led良好的抗震性能節電綠色環保等特點，汽車照明燈飾等的應用也會有良好發展。

According to statistics. research, most death in earthquake is not caused by shake or collision, but by delayed aid with the limit of practical factors

根據有關專家調查統計表明，大部分人在地震發生時沒有直接被震死或壓死，而是因客觀條件限制不能得到及時有效的救助導致死亡的。

The theory of extreme value ( evt ) is a branch of order statistics, which traditionally can be used as a tool forecasting tsunami, earthquake and flood. recently it has been applied to financial risk management

極值理論是次序統計學的一門分支，傳統上被用來預測海嘯、地震、洪水等自然災害，近年來已被廣泛地應用於金融風險的管理中。