foreseeability 中文意思是什麼
foreseeability
解釋
可預見性-
Art. 113 on foreseeability in chinese contract law is advanced, but its defect is that the provision does n ' t exclude the application of foreseeability from disproportion between risks and benefits
其不足之處在於，沒有把可預見性原則的適用排除在損害賠償與合同價金相差懸殊、極不相稱的情形之外。 -
The rule of foreseeability is applied to determine the scope of damages for breach, but not applied in nonperformance, such as void contract, voidable contract and negotiation in bad faith during making contract due to one party ' s fault
可預見性原則適用於違約損害賠償，並不適用於非合同履行的場合，例如因一方過錯導致合同無效、合同被撤銷，以及合同訂立過程中的惡意磋商等發生損失的情形。 -
Foreseeability of law
法的可預測性 -
It can be noted that the concept of reasonable foreseeability is used often by the law
值得注意的是法律上經常使用合理預見這一概念。 -
There are both distinctions and relations between foreseeability and remoteness, causation, foreseeability in torts
該原則與遙遠性、因果關系及侵權中的可預見性等相關概念既有區別又有聯系。 -
The rule of foreseeability is a whole set of rules including the subject, the time, the standard, the extent and the content to foresee
該原則是由預見主體、預見時間、預見標準、預見程度及預見內容等內部規則組成的一整套規則。 -
The rule of foreseeability is provided in the civil laws or contract laws in many countries, as one of the important tests for limitation on compensation for breach in contract
可預見性原則是限制違約損害賠償的重要標準，已在世界各國的民法或合同法中得到普遍的確立。 -
In this article, the author introduces various comments on functions and theories of the rule, and thinks that the rule of foreseeability is a policy tool to facilitate information exchange, fairness and efficiency
本文介紹了可預見性原則的各種功能、評價以及理論基礎，認為該原則是促進信息共享、公平和效率的政策根據。 -
The methods restricting damages imposed on the party in breach mainly are : the rule of foreseeability, the rule of balancing out increase and decrease, the rule of contributory negligence, and the rule of mitigation of damage
但是，並不是合同相對人事實上蒙受的全部損害都能得到賠償，換言之，違約方的損害賠償是受到限定的。違約方損害賠償的限定規則主要有：可預見性規則、損益相抵規則、過失相抵規則、減損規則。 -
Based on this, some widely established rules including the rule of total compensation, the rule of foreseeability, the rule of mitigation, the rule of counterbalance between loss and profit, and the rule of compensatio culpae are discussed in details
在此基礎上，筆者從比較法角度系統闡述了各國確定違約損害賠償范圍的諸規則（主要包括完全賠償規則、可預見規則、過失相抵及損益相抵規則、減輕損失規則）的內涵、理論發展及相關問題。 -
If every expert in the biology of aging agreed with me about the foreseeability of ens, my job would be essentially done : public opinion would fall in behind the scientists ( as it always does ), the political weight would fall in behind public opinion ( as it always does ), and the research and development would proceed as fast as possible, with no financial obstacles whatsoever
如果衰老生物學每一位專家在關于ens的預測性方面都贊成我，那麼我的工作將進行得很順利：公眾的意見取決于科學家（一向如此） ，政治的份量取決于公眾意見（一向如此） ，這樣，沒有了任何財政上的障礙，研究和開發將盡可能快地進行。 -
But in the theory field, the systematical and deeply research is not given, so the application of the rule of foreseeability appears the hazy and confused in the judicial practice. according to many questions about the rule in theory, the thesis expounds the theoretical development and legal values of this rule at first. then the thesis discusses about the theoretical composition of the rule, and holds the delinquent party should foresee that the range of compensation of damages is the damages caused by his breaking contract when he negotiates a contract. finally separately discusses on the relationship between the rule of foreseeability and the principle of complete compensation, between the rule and the doctrine of liability fixation for breach of contract, between the rule and the theory of causal relationship
然而，理論界對可預見性規則尚缺乏系統、深入的研究，導致在司法實踐中對該制度運用時的迷茫和混亂。針對可預見性規則的諸多理論問題，本文首先對可預見性的理論發展、法理價值進行了闡述;其後就可預見性規則的理論構成進行了探討，認為違約一方在合同締結之時預見或應當預見到的因違約造成的損害為其損害賠償的范圍;最後對可預見性規則與完全賠償原則、違約歸責原則和因果關系理論的關系作了探討，認為可預見性規則存在的積極意義在於合理限制違約損害賠償范圍。 -
The rule of foreseeability is the basic among these methods, and, should be supplemented and corrected by the use of the theory of the protection purpose of the norm, being abstract and uncertain standards. according to the rule of foreseeability, it is the party in breach who should foresee, it is when the contract is made that he should foresee, and he should foresee as a common person may do. the contents and applicability of the other three methods of damages restriction are also discussed in this part
可預見性規則是違約方損害賠償的基本的限定規則，依該規則，可預見性的判斷標準為一抽象的不確定標準即社會一般人的預見能力，從而可預見性規則不是十分嚴密，應以規范保護目的說予以補充和修正；可預見性規則中，預見的主體為違約方，預見的時間為合同締結時，對可預見性的判斷以社會一般人的預見能力為標準。
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