gene-determined 中文意思是什麼

In the experiment, the full code sequence of bar gene was cloned by pcr from transgenic herbicide resistant bobwhite wheat and checked. it was expressed in e. coli and its protein was determined. after having been properly modified, the bar gene which correctly codes pat was cloned into binary vector pbi121 and then transferred into lba4404 by triparantal crossing, which is the prerequisite work for genetic transformation

本實驗從抗除草劑轉基因bobwhite小麥中，利用pcr克隆的方法擴增出bar基因全長，並在原核表達系統中表達，鑒定表達蛋白的活性，將能夠正確編碼ppt乙酰轉移酶的bar基因片段，經過適當的修飾構建入真核表達載體。

We concluded that ( 1 ) motion asymmetry correlates closely with early - onset eye disorders that hinder the normal development of binocular vision ; ( 2 ) motion asymmetry correlates less with pure amblyopia ; ( 3 ) motion asymmetry is not unique to infantile esotropia syndrome ; ( 4 ) persisted motion asymmetry in adult is acquired rather than gene - determined ; ( 5 ) motion asymmetry may not be the cause of strabismus ; ( 6 ) motion asymmetry my not be secondary to disorganized nondecussated optic pathway and ( 7 ) motion asymmetry is an overall immaturity of sensory - motor pathway

我們的結論是： （ 1 ）任何早發性眼科疾病，假如阻礙了正常的雙眼視覺發育，則造成不對稱的運動覺； （ 2 ）運動覺不對稱並不直接和弱視本身相關聯； （ 3 ）運動覺不對稱並非幼兒型內斜視專有的特徵； （ 4 ）成人的運動覺若不對稱，是視覺發育過程中受到阻礙造成，而非遺傳而來的； （ 5 ）運動覺不對稱並非斜視的原因； （ 6 ）運動覺不對稱的原因並非來自視覺神經路徑上太多的非交叉視覺神經； （ 7 ）運動覺不對稱是向感覺到運動總體視路徑發育不全所造成的結果。

Functional genomics uses as its starting point the isolated gene whose function is to be determined ， and then selects a model organism in which a homolog of that gene exists

功能基因組用功能不明的分離基因作為起始點，然後選擇具有該同源基因的生物模型。

In this paper, 45 e. coli strains isolated from chicken farms in sichuan province were determined to be the pathogenic e. coli by animal test. type 1 pili of 45 strains isolated was detected by msha. the pila gene of 45 avian pathogenic e. coli strains were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction ( pcr ) with primers designed according to the sequence of the pila gene in genbank. results showed that pcr was more sensitive, faster and more characteristic than msha to detect type 1 pili

本研究將從四川規模化雞場分離鑒定、經1日齡雛雞致病性試驗得到的雞源致病性大腸桿菌45株，採用d -甘露糖敏感血凝試驗（ msha ）檢測1型菌毛，根據genbank中公布的人源大腸桿菌1型菌毛pila基因序列設計一對引物用pcr擴增雞源致病性大腸桿菌1型菌毛pila基因。

The aim of this study was to examine ppar5 expression in rat and mouse uterus during early pregnancy, pseudopregnancy, delayed implanation, artificial decidualization and regulation by steroid hormone treatment by in situ hybridization and inununohistochemisny the expression of ppar gene in preimplanation embryo was also determined by rt - pcr

本實驗以大鼠和小鼠為材料，利用原位雜交和免疫組化方法檢測了ppar基因在早期妊娠子宮中的表達，並利用假孕、延遲著床、人工蛻膜化及激素處理等模型研究ppar基因在子宮中的表達與調節。

After that we determined the presence of angiostatin gene in the putative recombinant virus with pcr analysis

之後利用pcr分析是否獲得重組angiostatin的桿狀病毒。

The recombinants were constructed by transforming ppic9 a - xynb into p. pastoris gs115. the assay results revealed that the xylanase gene xynb was overexpressed and secreted effectually in p. pastoris. in 3l fermentor the expression level of xylanase xynba exceeded 1200iu / ml and the expressed xylanase had normal bioactivity. the molecule weight of xynba was determined as about 31kd which is higher than 23kd of original enzyme xynb from streptomyces olivaceoviridis a1. xynbb was gotten by deglycasylation of xynba, whose molecule weight returned to 23kd. we comparised the enzymatic properties of xynba expressed in p. pastoris, xynbb deglycasylated from xynba and xynb produced from streptomyces olivaceoviridis al : there was little difference among the three enzymes on optimal ph, the optimal ph of xynb and xynba were both 5. 2, the optimal ph of xynbb was 5. 0 ; the optimal temperature of xynb and xynba were both 60 c, while the optimal temperature of xynbb was 50 ? ; because of glycosylation the thermal stability of xynba was better than xynb and xynbb ; the specific activity of xynba and xynbb were 883. 88iu / mg and 832. 5hu / mg respectively, which were both lower than 2814. 45iu / mg of xynb ; the km values of xynb and xynba were similar to each other which were 21. 56 ( g / kg ) and 20. 87 ( g / kg ), while the km value of xynbb was 27. 10 ( g / kg ) ; the fmax of xynba and xynbb were 4568umol / mg. min and 5329umol / mg. min respectively which were lower than 27623 umol / mg. min of xynb ; additionally all of the three enzymes did not display cellulase activity. they all had well resistance to pepsion and trypsin, and were not sensitive to metal iron, surface active agent and chelating agent. the analysis of different xylans enzymatic hydrolysate revealed : by xynba, that the main constitutions of enzymatic hydrolysate of birch wood xylans were xylotriose and xyloquaiose, which account for 68. 43 % and 16. 50 % respectively, additionally there was 11. 79 % of xylobiose ; the main constitutions of enzymatic hydrolysate of corncobs xylans were xylobiose and xylotriose, which account for 81. 78 % and 11. 55 %. the result indicated that this xylanase was a kind of 1, 4 - b - d - xylanohydrolase and was fit to used in industrial procession of xylooligosacc harides

進一步對xynba進行了脫糖基化處理得到xynbb ，其分子量恢復到23kd ，證明xynba是糖基化蛋白。通過對畢赤酵母重組表達的木聚糖酶xynba 、脫糖基化的木聚糖酶xynbb以及橄欖綠鏈黴菌a1所產原酶xynb之間酶學性質的比較發現：三種酶的最適ph差異不大， xynb和xynba均為5 . 2 ， xynbb為5 . 0 ； xynb和xynba的最適溫度均為60 ， xynbb降為50 ：在耐熱性上， xynba由於糖基化作用熱穩定性明顯高於未糖基化的xynb和xynbb ； xynba和xynbb的比活性分別為883 . 88iu mg和832 . 51iu mg ，明顯低於原酶的比活2814 . 45iu mg ； xynb和xynba的km值相當，分別為21 . 56 （ g kg ）和20 . 87 （ g kg ） ，而xynbb的km值較大為27 . 10 （ g kg ） ； xynba和xynbb的vmax相差不大，分別為4568 mol mg ? min和5329 mol mg ? min ，明顯低於xynb的27623 mol mg ? min此外三種酶均無纖維素酶活性，對胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶有很好的抗性，且對作用環境中的各種離子、表面活性劑、螯合劑不敏感。通過對不同木聚糖的酶解產物的糖份分析發現：以樺木木聚糖為底物時，酶解產物主要為木三糖和木四糖，含量分別為68 . 43和16 . 50 ，另外還含有11 . 79的木二糖；以玉米芯木聚糖為底物時，酶解產物主要為木二糖和木三糖，含量分別為81 . 78和11 . 55 。

An infectious eiav clone was recovered by transfecting fatal donkey dermal ( fdd ) cell cultures and donkey leukocyte ( dl ) culture in vitro with the full - length gene clone of dv. the virus ( designed pd70344v ) derived from the third passage in dl culture was observed by electron microscope and the reverse transcriptase ( rt ) activity was determined

將包含全基因片段的三個基因克隆以限制性內切酶消化后順次連接克隆到載體ptz18r上，構建了4個全長基因的分子克隆，分別命名為pd30343 、 pd70333 、 pd70343 、 pd70344 ，其中兩個轉移到低拷貝載體plg338上，命名為plgd30343 、 plgd70344 。

The homology of recombinant virus bmpak - hbmp was obtained and identified by plaque assay and baculovirus contains the hbmp gene was confirmed through pcr and dna dot blotting. the expressed rhbsag was determined by elisa after infecting bm - n cells and pupae with recombinant virus bmpak - hbmp and bmpak - hbm ( containing nonfusion hbv surface antigen medium sized )

用重組病毒bmpak - hbmp和bmpak - hbm [帶有非融合乙肝表面抗原（ pres2 + s ）基因，為本實驗構建]感染家蠶細胞及蛹，對兩種病毒的表達產物用elisa進行了跟蹤檢測，結果表明，感染bmpak - hbmp的家蠶細胞及蛹中rhbsag的表達量分別為3

4. after having established genetic transformation system with tomato cotyledons as explant and determined the transformable of preculture time, incubation time and co - culture time, we set up the system of high frequency transformation of tomato cotyledons. then hbmp - 3m gene was transferred into tomato via agrobacterium - mqdiated transformation, and the resistant plants to hyg were obtained. by pcr analysis on part of the putative transformants, we identified that hbmp - 3m gene had been integrated into the genome of part of tomato plants. 5. transferred hbmp - 3 gene into tobacco via agrobacterium - mediated transformation and obtained the resistant plants to hyg. trans genie tobacco plants were confirmed by instantaneous expression of gus gene in calli detection, growth and bio - morphology analysis, hyg - resistant experiment and pcr analysis

通過pcr檢測證實部分番茄抗性植株中已導入hbmp - 3m基因；人骨形成蛋白一3成熟膚基因和全長基因分別轉化番茄和煙草的研究5 .通過農桿菌介導法將hbmp一3全長基因導入煙草，並且獲得了hyg抗性植株，通過gus基因瞬時表達檢測、轉化植株的生長情況及形態學分析、 hyg抗性鑒定及pc尺檢測，證明目的基因己經整合到煙草基因組中。

Z which involve in melanin, tyrosinase related protein 1 gene ( tyrpi ) and dermal melanin inhibitor gene ( id ). the genomic structure of tyrp1 was determined and its correlation between melanin accumulation and tyrp1 expression was studied. moreover, we constructed a bac contig near id locus which was on a region short of dna marker in chr. z

利用構建的bac文庫對z染色體上黑色素相關基因酪氨酸酶相關蛋白1基因（ tyrp1 ）的基因結構以及該基因的表達與黑色素沉積的關系進行了研究，同時構建了位於z染色體上缺乏標記區段的表皮黑色素抑制因子基因（ id ）的bac重疊群。

Methods : 1 ) 12h after irradiation, the cell cycle of nih3t3 cells was determined by flow of cytometry and the ratio of alternations in p16 gene exon - 2 was evaluated through pcr - sscp. 2 ) the content of mda, the activities of the sod and gsh - px in the supernatant of nih3t3 cells and the cells were measured by detecting kits immediately after irradiation. 3 ) the level of matrix metalloproteinase - 2 ( mmp - 2 ) in hela cells was detected by western - blotting and dot - blotting 2h after irradiation

具體方法為： （ 1 ）照射后12h ，收集nih3t3細胞，用流式細胞儀檢測各組細胞的細胞周期， pcr - sscp檢測抑癌基因p16的變化； （ 2 ） nih3t3細胞照射后立即收集細胞和細胞上清，用試劑盒測量mda含量和sod 、 gsh - px的活性並觀察其變化； （ 3 ） western免疫印跡和點雜交法檢測照射2h后的各組hela細胞中基質金屬蛋白酶- 2 （ mmp - 2 ）的表達變化。

In the research of transgenic fish, green fluorescent protein gene was sub - cloned to downstream of carp p - actin gene promoter that was cloned in pucusa by molecular recombination technology. thus pagfp plasmid was constructed successfully. the recombination was determined by digestion of restriction enzyme and sequencing

實驗通過分子重組技術，採用定向克隆法將綠色熒光蛋白基因亞克隆到puc118a上鯉魚-肌動蛋白基因啟動子下游，構建成能在真核生物體內表達的表達載體pagfp ，經雙酶酶切法序列鑒定后，回收帶啟動子和目的基因片段。

Ii. molecular phylogeny in this paper, nucleotide sequences of the chloroplast gene trnl - f region was investigated first in the ferns, the pcr primers were chosen. in the test, 34 species in athyriaceae and 3 outgroup taxa were determined trril - f region sequences

介蔗屬d盡口athyrium 、蛾眉蔗屬lunathyrium 、假蹄蓋蔽屬athyriopsis 、單葉雙蓋蔗diplaziumsubsinuatum組成一支，在兩種系統樹中均得到100 %的支持率。

Therefore, we have determined the structure of 20ahsd ge ne and isolated the genomic fragments encoding its promoter region to verify the cis - acting dna response elements and trans - acting factor, which are involved in hormone regulation on 20ahsd gene expression in our research work

20 hsd的調控區基因結構以及哪些順式元件和反式作用因子在起作用尚不完全清楚，催乳素（ prl ）和絨毛膜促性腺激素（ cg ）調節20 hsd表達的分子機制，尚未見國內外文獻報道。

In order to get the soluble recombinant eo protein and inspect the protein expression status convinently, the egfp and eo gene were ligated into baculovirus transfer vector. with the co - transfecting sf9 cells of baculovirus recombinant transfer vector and linearized viral dna, and plaque purification in the posttransfection procedure, the pure recombinant baculovirus were harvested, which infected the sf9 cells for amplifying to generate a p - l stock. in the meantime, the fluorescence microscopy detection indicated expressed egfp protein to confirm the heterogenous protein expression of recombinant baculovirus. the pi - stock from a pure plaque was used to generate a high liter p - 2 stock, which was determined in liter as 1. 14 107pfu / ml by performing a plaque assay. when a volume of p - 2 stock infected the sf9 cells with moi 5 - 10 for expression, the strong fluorescence was obeserved on the day 3 of postinfection

此外，為了得到可溶性重組eo蛋白並便於觀察重組蛋白的表達情況，我們將egfp基因與eo基因相連插入昆蟲桿狀病毒轉移載體中，與線性桿狀病毒dna共轉染sf9細胞后通過噬斑純化得到純的重組桿狀病毒，將其感染sf9細胞制備p1種子液，同時用熒光顯微鏡觀察綠色熒光蛋白的表達情況剔除表達效果差的重組桿狀病毒。再用p1種子液感染sf9細胞制備高效價的p2種子液。通過病毒液的梯度稀釋和噬斑測定，確定p2種子液的病毒滴度達1 . 14 10 ~ 7pfu ml 。

After its sequence was determined, the mutant gene was cloned into a shuttle vector pnov - r and transformed into br - deficient halobacteria ( l33 )

突變后的蛋白經生物信息學軟體分析了和野生型br的不同。 tyr79 argbr突變體的光電特性還要進一步分析和測試。

The present study determined if the potent and nonaromatizable androgen, dihydrotestosterone ( dht ), exacerbates ischemic damage in the male rat and alters postischemic gene expression after middle cerebral artery occlusion

新近研究對有效的未芳香化的雄激素，雙氫睪酮，是否會加劇雄性大鼠的缺血損傷並改變大腦中動脈閉塞后的缺血后基因表達進行了研究。

The mechanism of ki 11 ing the schistosomulae in vitro depending on the specific ige antibody were observed. the distribution of the protein encoded by the cloned gene was determined by immuno - electromicroscopy with protein a - colloidal gold. in order to further analyse the epitope features of the protein relevant to the specific ige antibody, the phage display library of random peptides was screened by pooled sera with the specific ige antibody

藉助現行生物信息學分析手段，通過網際網路進入genbank數據庫，對sj43b與已知序列進行同源性比對，應用dnatoois軟體對其編碼蛋白序列的氨基酸紐成、親水性、抗原性和可及性進行分析，並在blastp程序下在genbank蛋白數據庫中對sj43b編碼3人卞醫科大學博士學杠論文蛋白進行同源性檢索。

2, the hsp gene transcription was quantitatively determined by rt - pcr. based on this result, it is concluded that the change of acetylation level at the loci of hsp, mediated by histone deacetylase inhibitors, exerts important functions in hsp gene transcription. 3, after immunolabeling with anti acelated - lysine monoclonal antibody on the polytene chromosomes of heat shocked flies, fluorescence signals were detected at the hsp loci

2 ，利用rt - pcr技術，對去乙酰化酶抑制劑處理后的果蠅的熱休克基因的表達水平進行檢測，結果表明經組蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制劑處理后的果蠅幼蟲，其熱休克基因的表達高於基礎水平，也就是說去乙酰化酶抑制劑誘導了熱休克基因的表達。