groundwater exploitation 中文意思是什麼

Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources

基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。

Liu changming ， yu jingjie, eloise kendy groundwater exploitation and its impact on the environment in the north china plain [ j ] water international, vol. 26, ( 2 ), 265 272

斯蒂芬?福斯特，等.華北平原地下水灌溉農業的評估和可持續發展.世界銀行、全球水夥伴地下水管理指導組， 2002

The groundwater exploitable resource in draught year is 10951 104m3. the results can be used to instruct the actual exploitation and make the sustainable utilization of the groundwater source true

模型模擬的不同特徵年時地下水庫的允許開采量，對指導合理用水，實現地下水資源的可持續開發利用具有現實意義。

The lay - like karst aquifer formed by some special strata and fossil karst are very important in the groundwater exploitation in this area

特殊巖性和古溶蝕形成的似層狀巖溶含水層具有重要的開發價值。

In recent years, many barrages have been founded in dagu river, which greatly change the conditions of the exploitation and supply of groundwater. on the basis of calibration of mathematical model of hydrogeology, the effect of diversified factors on the variation of groundwater is analyzed using visual modflow software, the recharge capacity of rubber dam to the groundwater storage is studied and the allowable withdrawl of groundwater with the influence of manpower is calculated again

近年來大沽河幹流及支流已增加多處攔河壩工程致使地下水采補條件發生了較大變化，本文利用visualmodflow軟體分析了各種影響因素對地下水動態的影響，研究了橡膠壩對地下水庫的補給能力並重新核算了人工影響條件下大沽河地下水庫的允許開采量。

The present utilization and existing problems in water resource of the north of huaihe river in anhui are introduced. based on such research objects as northern guo river of bozhou, jiangtang of fuyang and key city zones, a mathematical model with systems engineering viewpoint is established and used to investigate in water resource problems in the area. the main contents are as following : ( 1 ) groundwater resource and present utilization ; ( 2 ) mensuration of calculational parameters of groundwater and calculational methods ; ( 3 ) economic parameters of irrigation areas ; ( 4 ) establishing northern wo river forecast model with finite element method, areal well - group method and water balance method ; ( 5 ) establishing optimal water resource allocating model for northern jiangtang and new cihuaixin river irrigation area and investigating in the combination of surface water and groundwater, optimal agricultural planting - mode and optimal distribution proportion of various water sources ; ( 6 ) some existing exploitation problems and advices about water resource in the area

本論文針對淮北地區水資源開發利用現狀及存在問題，以安徽亳州渦河以北地區、阜陽姜堂鄉和重點城市區為研究對象，運用系統工程觀點，採用數學模型方法，對該區水資源問題進行了綜合研究，主要內容為： （ 1 ）地下水資源及開發利用現狀； （ 2 ）地下水計算參數測定和計算方法； （ 3 ）灌區經濟參數； （ 4 ）採用有限單元法、面狀井系法、水均衡法，建立亳州渦河以北地下水位預測模型； （ 5 ）建立阜陽姜堂及茨淮新河北部的農灌區水資源優化配置模型，應用系統分析的方法，研究地表水與地下水聯合運用，農業最優種植模式及各種水源的最佳分配比例； （ 6 ）淮北地區水資源開發利用存在問題及建議。

On the basis of analysis for recharge, flow - off and drainage of research area, the paper concludes that the main possible cause for the fall of water head is groundwater exploitation by comparing the curve of rainfall - time and the curve of observation heads of some observation well

在充分分析研究區補給、徑流和排泄規律的基礎上，文章通過比較降雨歷時曲線、部分觀測孔觀測水頭曲線得出開采量可能是影響水頭下降的主要因素。

Aim to analyze the problems in the course of the exploitation and utilization of water resources and offer some references to the sustainable utilization of water resources in baoji city, shaanxi, china in the future. methods beginning with the restrained factors that affects the sustainable exploitation of water resources, the main problems is systematically analyzed that exposed in the course of the exploitation and utilization of water resources : utilization ratio of water resources is low, water waste is serious ; groundwater is exploited excessively, water level drops continuously ; water pollution is serious, water quality worsens obviously ; management system of water resources is imperfect, the facilities of irrigation works wear out seriously. results it is suggested that pursue saving water all - round to build a water - saving society, and perfect the paid - use system of water resources to implement the industrial management of water resources, and strengthen the protecting consciousness of water resources together with controlling groundwater exploitation strictly, and increase the fund investments to enhance the irrigation works abilities of adjusting, holding and preventing the flood, and strengthen the network management of water resources besides improving the official specialized quality. conclusion the reasonable exploitation and utilization of water resources plays a key role in the sustainable development of economy and society in baoji city, shaanxi, china

目的分析寶雞市水資源開發利用中存在的問題，為今後水資源的可持續利用提供參考依據.方法從影響寶雞市水資源可持續利用的制約性因素入手，系統分析了在水資源開發利用中存在的主要問題:水資源利用率低，浪費嚴重;地下水開采過度，水位持續下降;水污染嚴重，水質明顯惡化;水資源管理體制不健全，水利工程設施老化嚴重.結果提出了相關的解決對策:全面推行節約用水，建立節水型的社會;完善水資源有償使用制度，實現水資源的產業化管理;強化水資源保護意識，嚴格控制地下水開采;加大資金投入力度，提高水利工程的調蓄防洪能力;加強水資源網路化管理，提高管理人員的專業素養.結論水資源的合理開發和利用是實現寶雞市經濟社會可持續發展的關鍵

By analyzing existing situation of groundwater over - exploitation in the benefited regions of the south - north water transfer, based on the national and local legal systems, policies, we discuss the measures which should be taken to control groundwater tapping in the project

摘要通過分析南水北調受水區地下水超采現狀，在分析國家有關法制措施、政策以及南水北調受水區各地有關法制措施及工作成效基礎上，從法制建設角度對南水北調受水區地下水控制開采魚需採取的措施進行了初步探討。

Analysis of risk decision making for groundwater exploitation within jinci spring area, shanxi province

晉祠泉域地下水開采決策的風險分析

Conclusion from the analysis : the exploitation and reentry determine the groundwater level behavior, quality of groundwater behavior and temperature of groundwater behavior, but other factors such as rainfall work in some concert with them

通過分析可知：人工開采和回灌對地下水水位動態、水質動態和水溫動態起著決定性的作用，但大氣降水等其他因素對地下水動態仍有一定的影響。

This paper expounds the hydrogeological features and the background of the groundwater exploitation in taiyuan city, analyzes on the present situation and the damages of the land subsidence, and advances some measures for preventing the land subsidence in taiyuan city

闡述了太原市的水文地質特徵及地下水開采背景，分析了地面沉降的現狀及所造成的危害，提出了太原市防治地面沉降的措施。

Groundwater mode of occurrence and exploitation in south areas of anhui province

安徽淮河以南地下水資源及其開發利用

Gis based environmental security assessment model for groundwater exploitation

的地下水環境安全評價模型

Aiming at the recharge capacity of rubber dam to the groundwater storage, the excited water supply of the dam caused by the exploitation of industry is discussed by mathematical simulation

並針對橡膠壩的補給能力，通過數值模擬探討了壩內蓄水因工業開采而激發的補給量。

Investigated the water resources volume and quality and exploitation condition, conducted water balance for the present condition at 75 and 95 probability levels, and listed the problems in water resources development and management. 4. two methods, one looked into the percentage of surface water and groundwater ; and the other introduced fuzzy set theory, and took the social economy and water system as one system for analyzing

4 、對全市水資源開發利用程度用兩種方法進行了分析，一是用傳統的方法單一地對地表水、地下水的開發利用量占資源量的百分數進行了分析；二是引入模糊綜合評判的方法，將社會經濟和水資源納入一個系統進行分析研究，較為客觀地評價了水資源的開發利用程度，兩種方法的評價結果基本上是一致的。

The paper selects the subject entitled " the isoparametric finite - element three - dimension groundwater ( fe3dgw ) model for fracture - karst water resources and numerical simulation in jinan springs zone ", which is one sub - task of items on " exploitation and springs protection of jinan fracture - karst water ( no. 200001 ) " in this paper, the following questions are discussed : first, according to the site survey, and other relative datum, the condition of physical geography, geography and hydrogeology are summarized

本文的研究課題? ?濟南市巖溶地下水數值模擬研究是山東省計委計劃項目「濟南市巖溶地下水開發利用與泉群保護研究（ no . 200001 ） 」的子課題。主要研究內容有：第一，在調查和閱讀分析相關資料的基礎上，概要總結和闡述泉群研究區域的自然地理、水文地質條件和地質概況，提出研究區水文地質概念模型，進一步建立濟南泉群研究區非均質各向異性三維非穩定流數學模型，利用等參有限元技術進行數值求解。

The potential for water - saving can be exploited rationally by the measures, such as engineering measure, adjustment of crop planting structure, exploitation of shallow groundwater, improvement of the surface irrigation manner, development of advanced irrigation technology and improvement of water - saving management in the irrigation area

灌區節水潛力有：採取工程措施、調整作物種植結構、開采淺層地下水、改進地面灌溉方式、發展灌水技術、提高灌區節水灌溉管理水平等。

Based on the observation data of surface subsidence induced by groundwater exploitation and coal mining in panji mining area, the mechanism of surface subsidence due to groundwater exploitation and its influence on coal mining subsidence are discussed, and some useful suggestions on a further study are made

根據淮南潘集地區地表沉降和煤礦地表移動觀測資料，對抽排水引起地面沉降的機理及其對煤礦開采沉陷的影響進行了探討，並對進一步深入研究提出了有益的建議

Abstract : based on the observation data of surface subsidence induced by groundwater exploitation and coal mining in panji mining area, the mechanism of surface subsidence due to groundwater exploitation and its influence on coal mining subsidence are discussed, and some useful suggestions on a further study are made

文摘:根據淮南潘集地區地表沉降和煤礦地表移動觀測資料，對抽排水引起地面沉降的機理及其對煤礦開采沉陷的影響進行了探討，並對進一步深入研究提出了有益的建議