household income and expenditure 中文意思是什麼

household income and expenditure 解釋
家庭收支
  • household : n 1 〈集合詞〉全家人；（包含人在內的）家眷，家屬，家裡人；家庭，戶。2 家務。3 〈the H 〉〈英國〉...
  • income : n （定期）收入，所得，收益。 an earned [unearned] income 勞動[不勞]所得。 draw a large income 收...
  • and : n. 1. 附加條件。2. 〈常 pl. 〉附加細節。
  • expenditure : n. 1. （時間、勞力、金錢等的）支出，花費。2. 消費；開銷；費用，經費。3. 支出額，消費額。
  1. Therefore, the paper expanded eles, namely, turned the above assumption into the following : all the consumers in the same income level have the identical marginal budget share or the identical marginal propensity to consume when consuming certain goods, but consumers in different income level have not and the paper, by defining and introducing the nominal variable of income level - a variable of the marginal propensity to consume only resulting from the change of consumers " ( rural residents ) income level, with which the standard income level was compared, adopted to expand again the extended eles model, exploited the surveying household data in 2001 by liaoning statistics bureau, caculated ( 1 ) the marginal propensity to consume, real expenditure structure, real propensity to consume and marginal budget share of main consumer goods of rural residents in different income levels ; ( 2 ) the proportion of the basic demand quantity, the basic demand structure, the basic demand of main consumer goods in real expenditure of livelihood consumption ; ( 3 ) the income elasticity of demand, the expenditure elasticity of consumption, the price elasticity of demand and the cross price elasticity of demand of main consumer goods ; finally, came the following conclusions : 1

    故本論文採用對擴展的線性支出系統進行再擴展，即將上述假定改為： 「對某類消費品的邊際預算份額或邊際消費傾向，對于同一收入等級的所有消費者均相同，但對于不同收入等級的消費者則有可能不同。 」並通過定義和在模型中引入收入等級虛變量，藉以代表與基準的收入等級相比，消費者（農民）僅僅由於其所處的收入等級變化所導致的邊際消費傾向的變化量。本論文採用對擴展的eles模型的再擴展，利用遼寧省統計局農調總隊的2001年農村住戶調查分戶資料（共1890戶） ，計算了（ 1 ）不同收入等級農民對各主要類型消費品的邊際消費傾向、實際支出結構、實際消費傾向、邊際預算份額； （ 2 ）不同收入等級農民對各主要類型消費品的基本需求量、基本需求結構、基本需求占實際生活消費支出比重； （ 3 ）不同收入等級農民對各主要類摘要型消費品的需求收入彈性、消費支出彈性、需求自價格彈性、需求的交叉價格彈性。
  2. The main ways to improve the household consumption rate and enlarge household consumption expenditure are that : improving the final consumption expenditure, making the investment rate lower ; raising residents " income, especially that of low - income groups, among which the rural household constitute the largest one in china ; building an extensive more complete social protection system, giving full play to the government ' s function in adjusting the income reallocation ; restoring the enterprises to meet the needs of consumption upgrading ; further advancing the consumption crediting and make consumer - friendly environment, eliminating the policies restricting consumption

    為了提高居民消費率，擴大居民消費需求，主要對策有：提高最終消費率，改變投資率過高的局面；從整體上提高居民收入，千方百計增加低收入者尤其是人數最為眾多的廣大農民的收入，提高居民消費能力；建立、健全社會保障體系，強化國家調節收入分配的職能；合理調整產業結構，促進消費結構升級；進一步發展消費信貸；改善消費環境，廢除限制消費的政策、措施。
  3. Aside from assessing the eligibility of an applicant based on hisher household income and asset, medical social workers also take into account various non - financial factors such as ( i ) the patient s clinical conditions ; ( ii ) whether the patient is a person with a disability or a single parent with dependent children ; ( iii ) whether a fee waiver can help solve the patient s family problems ; and ( iv ) whether a patient has any special expenditure requirements that make it difficult for himher to afford public medical fees

    醫務社工除了根據病人每月家庭收入和資產值去評估經濟情況外，亦會同時考慮各項非經濟因素，例如（ i ）病人的臨床情況、 （ ii ）病人是否殘疾人士或須供養子女的單親家長、 （ iii ）減免收費能否幫助病人解決家庭問題；以及（ iv ）病人是否因需付特別開支而令其難以支付公共醫療服務費用。
  4. The main reasons of china ' s low household consumption rate for a long time are that : the too - high rate of investment directly leads to the low final consumption rate and extends to the low household consumption rate ; the overall low level of residents " income obstacles the final consumption expenditure and income - gap influence the consumption ratio ; the instabilities of the income anticipation is becoming stronger and the expenditure anticipation is increasing

    我國居民消費率長期偏低的主要原因有：投資率過高直接導致最終消費率偏低，從而使居民消費率偏低；居民整體收入水平不高，收入差距過大影響居民消費傾向；收入預期的不確定性增強，支出預期的增加，商品的供給結構不合理，消費環境中還存在諸多問題等。
  5. Indeed, for the same reason, the government should use median household income to define the lower middle class and below. with the adoption of both median household income and expenditure, there will be a rational basis in reviewing consumer price movements as they affect legal aid

    事實上，基於同樣的原因，政府應該採用住戶收入中位數界定屬于中低階層及以下的人士，由於消費物價變動影響法援，透過採用住戶開支和住戶收入中位數，可以提供一個合理基礎進行檢討。
  6. This also ties in with our recommendation that the government should adopt median household income and expenditure for estimating financial eligibility and for defining the target group respectively under existing government policy

    這方面亦符合我們向政府提出在現行政府政策下應該採用住戶收入和住戶開支中位數作為評定經濟資格和界定服務對象的準則的建議。
  7. If household expenditure is used for this purpose, we consider that household income may also be used to define the lower middle class and below

    如果住戶支出是用作這用途，本局認為住戶收入也可用作界定屬于中低階層及以下的人士。
分享友人
分享到 Line

分享到臉書