hydraulic ratio 中文意思是什麼

hydraulic ratio 解釋
水力百分比
  • hydraulic : adj. 1. 水力的，液力的;用水發動的。2. 液壓的，水壓的。3. 水力學的。4. 【建築】水硬的。adv. -lically
  • ratio : n. （pl. ratios）1. 比，比率，比值；比例；系數。2. 【經濟學】復本位制中金銀的法定比價。vt. 1. 用比例方式表達；求出…的比值；使…成比例。2. 將（相片）按比例放大或縮小。
  1. Hydraulic system have been used widely, with light structure, large transmission ratio and running placidity, in weapons and equipments in the second artillery troop

    液壓傳動系統具有結構輕小，傳動比大、運行平穩等優點，在二炮武器裝備中得到了廣泛應用。
  2. The flow behavior of resin, water outlet structure at bottom of the mixed bed, water inlet position of hydraulic transportation, water intake ratio, and pneumatic transportation etc. have been analysed, giving out optimal selection of them combined with reality in the field

    對樹脂的流動性能、混床底部出水結構、水力輸送進水位置、進水比例以及氣力輸送等進行了分析，並結合實際給出了最佳選擇。
  3. In this thesis hydraulic experimental studies and theoretical analyses on the vortex - flow drop shaft were conduced and the following results were accomplished : ( 1 ) in the model test some hydraulic characteristics including the shape of air core in the center of the drop shaft, the radial distribution of water flow velocity and the distribution of pressure on the wall of the drop shaft were measured under the condition of high water head above 250m and large discharge above 1400m3 / s. ( 2 ) a kind of computational method for the spiral water flow in the air core region of drop shaft was discussed and applied and the results agree the experimental data well. ( 3 ) the total ratio of energy dissipation in the drop shaft can reach 90 % and the energy dissipation in every region was discussed quantitatively

    本文通過試驗研究與理論分析對旋流式豎井泄洪洞應用於高水頭、大泄流量情況時存在的一些水力學問題進行了研究和探討，取得以下主要成果：一、結合小灣工程導流洞改建，對高水頭（ 252m ） 、大泄流量（ 1400m ~ 3 s ）條件下旋流式豎井中的水流運動特徵進行了比較全面的測量，包括空腔形態、徑向流速分佈及井壁壓強等；二、提出了豎井空腔段螺旋水流水力計算方法，其計算結果與實測值吻合良好；三、利用試驗與計算結果，對旋流式豎井的消能機理進行了探討，對豎井各部分的消能能力有了總體認識；四、對豎井下部消力井的合理井深進行了優化試驗研究，發現消力井合理深度為0 . 9d左右；五、通過試驗研究，歸納出豎井水流總摻氣量估算方法，為導流洞排氣方案的設計提供了參考依據；六、在高水頭、大流量條件下，豎井空腔段下部流速很高，盡管水流螺旋運動引起的離心力可以確保井壁壓強保持正壓，但空化數依然較低，因此豎井的空化空蝕始終是工程界關注的重大問題。
  4. Chr standard test method for hydraulic conductivity ratio testing of soil geotextile systems

    土壤土工合成織物系統液力傳導比
  5. However, because of the particularity that is hydraulic jump, before jumping, when water ' s froude number is less than four point five, the damping ratio is so low that energy dissipator ' s lower river produce serious flushing, so much so that it may threaten energy dissipation structure ' s safty

    然而，因為水躍本身又具有其特殊性，在躍前水流佛汝德數（ froudenumber ）小於4 . 5時，消能率很低，致使消能工下游產生嚴重的沖刷，甚至危及消能建築物本身的安全。
  6. Efficiency of permeable pile dike is closely related to water - sand ratio in upstream flow, direction of the coming flow and seepage rate. this paper investigates mechanism and effect of flow control and aggradation using hydraulic modeling and theoretical analysis. it is shown that suitable seepage rate can help aggradation and suitable coming flow direction can help to govern the flow trend

    研究結果顯示，來流和來沙一定的條件下，透水率在適當的范圍內有利於壩后緩流落淤，入流角在一定范圍內對控導河勢有明顯作用，不同方案組合所對應的緩流落淤效果和控導河勢作用具有一定的差異性。
  7. Fabrication of the box beam is divided into such parts as reinforcement, formwork, concreting, prestressing, moving and storing of beam, pipe grouting under pressure, end sealing of the beam, water - proof layer on the bridge surface system, protective coating etc. the paper makes description of effective box beam construction technology and workmanship which can be adopted in other projects, such technologies as : manufacturing and fixing of reinforcement, steel reinforcement fixing baseplate, web plate and top plate respectively and lifting the steel skeleton into form, requirements of design and manufacturing and way of utilization for dismantling - erection type formwork and hydraulic formwork, optimization of concrete ratio, concrete pouring process of two ends of beam in priority over the middle, in sequence of first baseplate followed by web plate and top plate at last, concrete pouring in inclined section and in horizontal layer, concrete vibration mainly by external vibrator in assistance with internal vibrator, methods and regulation for steam curing of concrete, dual controls over stress and strain to ensure quality of prestressing workmanship, construction method of effective beam moving by heavy - weight special moving facility, some regulations and key notes about construction of grouting under pressure, beam ends sealing, water - proof layer on the bridge surface system, protective coating

    箱梁製造由鋼筋工程、模板工程、混凝土工程、預應力工程、移存梁工程、孔道壓漿工程、梁體封端工程、橋面防水層和保護層工程等施工環節組成。文中介紹的採用胎具製作和綁扎鋼筋，分底腹板和頂板分別綁扎並吊裝鋼筋骨架入模；拆裝式和液壓式兩種模板的設計、製作要求和使用方法；綜合考慮、優化混凝土配合比，混凝土灌注從兩端至中間、先底板、后腹板、再頂板的施工順序和斜向分段、腹板水平分層、附著式振搗為主、插入式搗固為輔的施工工藝，蒸汽養護的方法和規定；應力應變雙控制確保預應力施工質量的施工技術；採用重物移運器有效移梁的施工方法；壓漿、封端、橋面防水層和保護層施工的一些規定和注意事項等都是對箱梁製造行之有效的施工技術和施工方法，並可為以後類似施工作借鑒。
  8. Kone technology, original european hydraulic cylinder, pumping station and control system, ensure superior quality, high reliability and longtime life of our products. multi - type operation modes such as single - cylinder and double - cylinder in 1 : 1, 2 : 1, 4 : 2 ratio instead of traditional mrl solutions can save building space and construction costs and serve in over - loading vertical transportation locations

    引進通力技術，原裝進口歐洲全套液壓油缸泵站和控制系統，保證了產品品質可靠性和長使用壽命單缸雙缸1 ： 1 2 ： 1 4 ： 2等多種經典結構，是傳統的無機房解決方案，可減少建築空間降低建築造價，能勝任各種重載大噸位垂直運輸場合。
  9. An ideal steering system is not only easy to handle and more effective, but also provides the best steering feel to the driver. a conventional hydraulic power steering system uses power to supplement the force requirement to steer the wheel based on a fixed assist ratio of the driver ' s input

    傳統的液壓助力轉向系統在整個助力過程中按固定的比例提供轉向助力，所以它能夠提供有效的轉向助力但還不能根本地解決汽車駕駛員操縱「路感」不足的問題。
  10. A conventional hydraulic power steering system uses power to supplement the force requirement to steer the wheel based on a fixed assist ratio of the driver ' s input. so a conventional hydraulic power steering system is capable of providing power - assisted steering, but it is difficult to supply the best steering feel

    傳統的液壓助力轉向系統在整個助力過程中按固定的比例提供轉向助力，所以它能夠提供有效的轉向助力但還不能根本地解決汽車駕駛員操縱「路感」不足的問題。
  11. ( 3 ) the treatment result of no2 - n is good. when the influent concentration of no2 - n is 0. 01 ~ 2. 23mg / l, the effluent is less than o. lomg / l and the influence of temperature, hydraulic loading the total ratio of gas and water is small

    （ 3 ）生物濾池對亞硝酸鹽氮的去除效果比較好，試驗期間，水源水中亞硝酸鹽氮濃度范圍為0 . 01 2 . 23mg / l ，出水濃度一般低於0 . 10mg / l ，水溫、濾速、氣水比對亞硝酸鹽氮的去除無明顯影響。
  12. The height of media 、 the ratio of gas to liquid 、 hydraulic loading 、 the organic and ammonia loading of influent are the key factors influence the performance of one - stage aerobic baf. the conclusions of the experiment are as following : the best height to remove the organic matter and ammonia is at 60cm 、 120cm from the influent side respectively. the best ratio of gas to liquid is 3 : 1 4 : 1 ; the organic and ammonia loading of influent have litlle influence on the performance of one - stage aerobic baf when the concentration are low ; whe the ratio of gas to liquid is 3 : 1, the ammonia loading is blow 0. 87kgnh _ 4 ~ + - n / m ~ 3. d, the enfluent concentration of ammonia is blow 5mg / l which satisfies the water reuse standard ; at different organic loadings, the removal of organic matter keeps 35 % 45 %. hypothermia is unfavourable to nitrification for one - stage aerobic baf to removel ammonia, the influent concentration of ammonia can ’ t satisfy the water reuse standard

    試驗表明:對有機物的去除主要發生在進水端60cm內，對氨氮的去除主要發生在進水端120cm內;曝氣生物濾池運行的最佳氣水比為3 : 1 4 : 1 ;在進水有機物和氨氮濃度比較小時，水力負荷對其去除率影響不大;在氣水比為3 : 1 ，進水氨氮負荷小於0 . 87kgnh4 + - n / m3 （濾料） ? d時，出水氨氮小於5mg / l ，滿足回用水的要求;在不同有機負荷下，有機物去除率保持在35 % 45 % 。
  13. Putting the potassium permanganate into the filter can improve its effect, the removal of organics and ammonia is increased, the influent concentration can satisfy the water reuse standard. but the turbidity of influent is unsatisfactory. the c / n ratio is the key factor to influence the nitrogen - removal of the anoxic / aerobic two - stage baf when the reflux ratio 、 hydraulic loading and the ratio of gas to liquid in aerobic filter are fixed. the anoxic / aerobic two - stage baf has a good removal of organics at different c / n ratio when the reflux ratio is 2, hydraulic loading is 2. 55m ~ 3 / m ~ 2 ? h and the ratio of gas to liquid in aerobic filter is 3 : 1. the influent concentration of organics is blow 7mg / l. from the beginning to 30cm of the anoxic filter, the removal of the organics is significant ; as the c / n ratio increasing, the influent concentration of ammonia is decreasing. when the c / n ratio is 3. 60, the enfluent concentration of ammonia is 3. 05mg / l which satisfies the water reuse standard. when the c / n ration is less than 3. 60, because of the imperfection

    迴流比為2 : 1 ，水力負荷為2 . 55m3 / m2 ? h ，好氧柱氣水比為3 : 1時試驗表明:不同的c / n （ 1 . 05 7 . 45 ）下，兩級曝氣生物濾池對有機物有很好的去除作用，出水有機物濃度小於7mg / l ，其中在缺氧柱進水端30cm內對有機物的去除最為明顯;隨著c / n的增加，系統出水氨氮濃度降低，當c / n為3 . 60時，出水氨氮濃度降到3 . 05mg / l ，已經滿足回用水的氨氮標準; c / n < 3 . 60時，因為缺氧柱的不完全反硝化，體系中硝酸鹽氮和亞硝酸鹽氮發生積累影響了好氧柱的硝化反應使氨氮降解效果較差;系統對總氮的去除隨著c / n的增加而增加，當c / n為3 . 60時，出水總氮已經降到11 . 18mg / l ，滿足回用水的要求。
  14. Though the maximum of removal ratio of cod can reach 71 %, the removal ratio of cod of water discharge has been under 60 %, when hydraulic load surpasses 48. 6mg / l - d

    雖然最高去除率可達71 ，但當水力負荷人於48 . 6ml l ? d時，出水cod去除率已低於60 。
  15. In summer, when hydraulic load reaches 100ml / l - d, the removal ratio of bod5 still over 80 %, the removal ratio of bod5 also can reach 80 % in winter

    夏季當bod _ 5進水濃度為250mg l左右，水力負荷達到100ml l ? d時，去除率仍然穩定在80左右，冬季去除率也基本穩定在80以上。
  16. In summer, when hydraulic load ranges from 7ml / l - d to 60ml / l - d, the change of the water quality of water discharge is very small, and the removal ratio is over 70 %

    夏季cod進水濃度為1500mg l左右，水力負荷在7 60ml l ? d范圍內逐漸增加時，出水水質變化不大，去除率基本穩定在70以上。
  17. Observing wash degree, bulging ratio and distributing of filtrating material. measure turbidity of filtrate and reduction of hydraulic pressure

    觀察反沖洗膨脹率、沖洗強度及濾層分佈情況。測定濾后水濁度及水頭損失。
  18. While the scientific technology developing at a tremendous speed, the level of hydro - generator manufacturing is increasing. now the f - class insulation standard for generator is adopted, and cad for hydraulic design has spread, and advanced theory in hydraulic design is applied, and insulation materials are discovered, and precise processing techniques are under research. in the hydroelectric industry it ' s necessary to increase the generating units " installed capacity to take advantage of an old power plant and to raise the utilization ratio of water power energy

    隨著科學技術的飛速發展，水力發電機的生產製造水平日益提高， f級絕緣在電機中的運用；計算機cad輔助水力設計的推廣，先進的水力設計理論的應用，新的電氣絕緣材料的發現，精密的加工工藝的研究，為了提高水能利用率，使老電站煥發青春，機組增容改造已是水電事業發展中一項不容忽視的工作。
  19. Mechanical drive, hydraulic steering and vibrating ensure reliable performance and optimum benefit / cost ratio

    機械驅動，液壓振動，液壓轉向，可靠的性能和最佳的性能價格比。
  20. The experimental model is a rectangular section of 15. 2 187mm ~ 2, which is composed of two aluminum plates. the angles between the internal netted rib turbulators and the flow direction are 45 ? for the one plate and 60 ? for the other, or both 45 ? for two plates. in the experiment, the re numbers changes from 0. 4 10 ~ 4 1. 5 10 ~ 5, rib width - to - pitch are 0. 25, 0. 3 and 0. 5, rib width - to - height are 0. 25, 0. 3 and 0. 5, the rib height - to - hydraulic diameter ratio is 0. 246

    主要研究了在通道進口截面積（即無肋處的截面積） a為15 . 2 187mm ~ 2 、肋高與通道當量直徑之比e / de等於0 . 246 ，實驗雷諾數范圍在0 . 4 10 ~ 4 1 . 5 10 ~ 5之間的情況下，雷諾數re 、肋向角a 、肋寬與肋高之比t / e和肋寬與肋間距之比t / p等參數對通道強化傳熱與流動阻力特性的影響。
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