international development studies 中文意思是什麼

international development studies 解釋
國際發展研究
  • international : adj 國際（上）的，國際間的；世界的；〈I 〉國際勞工聯盟的；〈I 〉國際信號的。 an international con...
  • development : n. 1. 發展，發達；進化。2. 展開；擴充；開發。3. 發達物，新事物，發展階段。4. 【生物學】發育（史）；【軍，數】展開；【攝影】顯影，顯像；【音樂】展開（部）；研製，研製成果。
  • studies : 哥倫比亞大學
  1. Chapter three discusses the relationship among the principle, agent and the third party in the two law families. chapter four studies the integrate development of the international commercial agency

    第四章主要探討國際商事代理統一法的發展趨勢，認為隨著全球經濟一體化，國際商事代理法律的統一也將勢在必行。
  2. The keynote speaker was dr stanley fischer, vice chairman of citigroup and former first deputy managing director of international monetary fund. dr stephen grenville, adjunct professor of national centre for development studies, australian national university, canberra and former deputy governor of reserve bank of australia, was the discussant

    講座由花旗集團副董事長及國際貨幣基金組織前第一副總裁博士擔任主講嘉賓，澳洲國立大學國立拓展研究中心副教授及澳洲儲備銀行前副行長博士擔任討論嘉賓。
  3. This text studies the origins and the development processes of the eva theory first, making reader have a clear picture of the domestic and international research the development condition of eva theory, then introduces the eva calculation formula of these oriels in details, and computes the adjustment item that eva need

    本文首先研究了eva理論的起源與發展過程，使讀者對eva這一理論的由來以及國內外的研究發展狀況有了一個比較清楚的認識，接下來詳細介紹了eva這一理論的計算公式，以及計算eva所需的調整項目。
  4. This dissertation describes the present rusult of the theoretic researches on harbor & navigation economy system during the course of the constriction of international shipping center of shanghai. aimed at the research goal, combinational theory of competitive advantage is developed in this dissertation. which combines the theory of common competitive advantage combines the conglomerate economy, regional advantage and other concerned theories to analyze domino effect of finance, trade and economy caused by harbor & navigation industry in the center city ; the advantage theory of balanced game, which mainly studies how to achieve an effective result of balanced game among every parties, puts more emphasis on the research of collaboration and negotiation that have collective advantage to analyze the relationship between competition and collaboration among different harbor owners under different operating circumstances ; the advantage theory of the reciprocal d evelopment of the harbor and the ambient area is an important paresis, not only can it accomplish its own development goal but can also offer some developing opportunities for its counterparts and the two will endeavor together to construct the international shipping center

    本文在總結前人研究成果的基礎上，概述了上海國際航運中心建設中有關港航經濟系統的理論研究現狀，並針對本文的研究目標提出了競爭優勢組合理論，分別是一般競爭優勢理論? ?結合了集聚經濟、區位優勢等相關理論，以此來分析港航產業在金融、貿易、經濟中心城市的集聚經濟效應；均衡博弈的優勢理論? ?主要研究如何在各種利益團體之間達成一種有效的均衡博弈結果，側重於對合作博弈、協商機制等具備集體優勢的研究，以此來分析港口利益主體之間在不同經營環境下（民營化前後）的競協博弈關系；港區（港口與區域）互動發展的優勢理論? ?港口與區域的互動發展是國際航運中心建設的重要前提，雙方基於良性循環的共同發展在滿足自身發展目標的同時也為對方提供了發展機遇，並共同為國際航運中心的建設而作出努力。
  5. It is an important study - subject to improve the business accounting reports of our country. based on the environment of china social economics and starting - point to meet information demand of information user, connected to international accounting conventions the paper studies the basic theories of accounting reports which contain the development of business accounting reports in order to seek the limitation existed current business accounting reports of our country. so, it improves the structure of business accounting reports and report forms, and makes the accounting reports become better

    本文立足於中國社會經濟環境，以滿足信息需求者的信息需求為出發點，深入剖析我國現行企業會計報告存在的局限性，對制約我國企業會計報告發展的會計基本理論問題進行深入研究，在此基礎上改進了我國企業會計報告的結構和報告方式，從而彌補其局限性，也為如何構建比較完善的企業會計報告模式提供新思路。
  6. Chapter two " impacts of china ' s accession to wto on retail industry " analyzes : the influence of accession to wto on domestic retail industry ; pressure from international business capital due to its advantages of capital strength, scale and advanced business pattern ; competition pressure from low profit criterion of supermarket business ; pressure from the management advantage of international business groups. chapter three " development strategy for retail industry after china ' s accession to wto " studies the development strategy for china ' s retail industry after accession to wto : formulating relevant laws and policies for foreign capital introduction as soon as possible ( asap ) ; working out plans for establishment of large - scale supermarket network asap ; developing multiple business patterns with mainstay business as the focus ; developing chain store business to bring about scale efficiency ; accelerating of modern enterprise institutional reform ; promoting scientific management level of retail enterprises ; setting up scientific and overall marketing concept, further strengthening sense of market orientation ; attaching greater importance on resources of talented persons and commodities ; making full use of information technologies, implementing e - commerce mode in retail enterprises ; actively exploring northwest china and developing new market

    文章第二章「中國加入wto對零售業的沖擊」從中國零售業對外開放的歷史入手，簡要介紹了中國加入wto對國內零售業的影響，指出加入wto后，中國零售業可能面臨以下幾個方面的沖擊：國際商業資本在資金、規模和業態的先進性上所帶來的壓力；規模擴張壓力，即中國連鎖超市受到了投資規模擴張的資金壓力；超市行業低贏利水準的競爭壓力；國際商業集團在管理上的優勢對中國零售企業的壓力；新的管理理念、服務方式進入所帶來的沖擊；現代商業觀念的引進打破了中國商界固有的思維；國際經濟一體化程度的提高不斷促使中國零售業的絕對利潤和相對利潤下降；我國零售業網點的不足以及布局的不合理；零售業的信息革命所帶來的觀念沖擊。
  7. The international conference on industrial development in east asia and the change of global trade pattern will be held on november 4 ~ 6, 2005 in fudan university, shanghai, co - organized by china center for economic studies, fudan university ( cces ), center for japanese studies, fudan university, and shanghai wto affairs consultation center

    復旦大學中國社會主義市場經濟研究中心將於2005年11月4日至6日在復旦大學召開東亞產業發展與全球貿易格局變化國際學術會議。
  8. The author analyses and studies the development and present situations of chinese foreign trade after china ' s reform and opening - up, changes and characteristics of import and export structure, factors of fast improvement of export structure and problems and conflicts of export structural changes etc. author also rationally considers several relations in export structure and draws the basic conclusion after analyzing and researching : ( 1 ) china has become a big country of international trade but not a powerful country and there is still a long way to catch up with other powerful countries of international trade. ( 2 ) chinese export structure has been in a important adjusting moment in which the direction of chinese export trade development is to preserve the current dimension of non - professional labor - dense products as well as put the main point of further extension on capital - dense, technology - dense and knowledge - dense products. ( 3 ) to realize the upgrade of export structure in china, we must emphasize on orientation of competitive advantage, and convert potential comparative advantage into practical competitive one

    通過分析和研究得出的基本結論是： （ 1 ）中國已發展成為世界貿易大國，但是還算不上世界貿易強國，與世界貿易強國相比，尚有很大差距，要成為世界貿易強國，還有很長的路要走； （ 2 ）中國出口商品結構已進入到一個大調整階段，今後中國商品出口貿易的發展方向應該是在保持非熟練勞動密集型產品出口已有規模的同時，將商品出口貿易進一步擴張的著眼點置於資本、技術與知識密集型產品上； （ 3 ）要實現中國出口商品結構的升級，必須以競爭優勢為導向，將潛在的比較優勢轉化為現實的競爭優勢。
  9. This contingency approach does not capture the complexity of mnc interactions in the local environment, however, particularly with regard to international contractual and non - contractual resource power, internationalization expertise and operational consistency requirements to gain relative decisional advantage. case studies of four sino - western ijvs illustrate the dynamics of ihrm development under conditions of weak socio - legal constraint and high cultural distance between partners

    這種國際性合資企業的合資雙方都希望實施他們自己的管理實踐，使用合同性和非合同性的資源力量，國際化經驗和運營一致性要求等獲取相應的決策優勢，對四家中外合資企業的案例分析說明了在社會法律環境限制較弱以及合作方之間文化差距較大的情況下，國際人力資源管理的決策力動態。
  10. Finally, based on studies of the last 20 years development and current situation, utilizing the statistic information, we have planned the development stage and strategic guiding ideas, implementation steps and measure ( lay emphasis on service quality and customer satisfaction, external marketing and management, etc. ) of international tourism development in china

    因此，在旅遊業中，服務營銷理論的研究、應用以及對實踐操作的探討成為當務之急。如何吸收和消化西方旅遊業服務市場營銷理論，加強對我國國際旅遊業服務營銷的研究，提高管理人員把握和應用這些理論與技巧的能力，無疑是具有十分重要的意義。
  11. This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory

    本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。
  12. The content includes five parts : theoretical basis of school gtci study, the development of chinese school gtci study in the 20 years, reforming study and achievement of chinese gtci, problems of gtci and prospect of it. gtci studies should be directed by systematic ideology, theories of modern education and psychology, modern geography science and international charter of geography education

    主要包括以下幾個部分：學校地理課程與教學論研究的理論基礎；二十年來我國學校地理課程與教學論研究的發展；我國學校地理課程與教學論改革研究及成就；我國地理課程與教學論研究存在的問題以及我國學校地理課程教學論研究的前瞻。
  13. With the application background of the development of pbc dalian branch " disposal information s ervice system ", the decision supporting subsystem of dalian international cooperating group information system and china life insurance company dalian branch " estimate and planning of market the decision supporting system ", paper applies itself to resolve the above conflict and problem, in order to enhance the self - adaptive of dw system, to implement integration optimization within dw and measure the users compatibility, and to get a self - adaptive dw system. during the process, it uses dw technology, dw quality, corba structure and agent technology. the content is below : ( 1 ) in order to decrease the development cost, to improve the multiplexing of components and to realize load balance and distributional calculation in larger range, paper studies and realizes the self - adaptive architecture of dw with the corba technology, agent technology and java programming language. as a result, the dw architecture get the ability of initiative, permanence and intelligence

    鑒於此，本文以數據倉庫系統面臨的問題與矛盾為研究背景，以中國人民銀行大連資金清算中心清分信息服務系統、大連國際合作集團決策支持系統、中國人壽保險公司大連分公司營銷決策支持系統評估與規劃等三個項目為應用背景，以強化數據倉庫系統的自適應性、在數據倉庫系統中進行聚集優化和度量數據倉庫用戶適用度，得到一個自適應的數據倉庫系統為目的，利用數據倉庫技術、數據倉庫質量、 corba結構以及agent技術，重點研究了以下內容： （ 1 ）為達到降低軟體系統開發成本、提高組件重用性、在較大范圍內實現平衡負載與分佈運算的目的，賦予數據倉庫體系結構主動性、持久性、智能性的能力，本文利用corba技術、 agent技術與java編程語言，研究並實現了數據倉庫自適應體系結構。
  14. In this paper, with the guidance of comprehensive principles in international economics, industry economics, development economics, management sciences and statistics, the feasibility of offshore renminbi finance was explored. through exploring the formation mechanism on how its interest and exchange rate would be formed, offshore renminbi internal operation mechanism was analyzed ; using the international comparison technique, the influence of the offshore remminbi finance and the corresponding operational methods to promote its development were researched. based on these studies, the feasible pathway, expecting risks and corresponding measures were derived ; the comparison superiority and global competitions capability of renminbi were qualitatively and quantitatively studied

    本文以國際經濟學、產業經濟學、發展經濟學、管理學、統計學等綜合理論為指導，對人民幣離岸的可行性進行了探討;通過探討離岸人民幣利率形成機制和匯率形成機制，對人民幣離岸金融內在運行機理進行了分析;採用國際對比的方法，對人民幣離岸金融的效應及促進其發展的政策措施進行了分析;並以此為基礎，對人民幣離岸發展的可行途徑、將面臨的風險和對策進行了探討;對人民幣比較優勢和國際競爭力進行定性和定量研究，為中國入世后進行金融業戰略性結構調整提供理論依據，並為政府有關部門提出對策建議。
  15. For a long time, because the cpeb has primarily faced to the internal market, not being familiar with international traditions, being lack of experiences of the international project operation, under these conditions how to carry oversea projects to work well, create the frame of international business organizations and function mechanism to adapt to the needs of the international markets, and make the good economic benefits for the existing oversea projects, which become the urgent problem need to be settled. this text analyzes the development and management of cpeb and its oversea projects, analyzes the existing problems according to substantial studies on the spot directly and indirectly. next the text lays out a system management mode of oversea projects for cpeb, establishes the strategic targets for the first step

    本文分析了長慶石油勘探局及其海外項目的發展和運營情況，根據間接、直接實地取證研究，分析目前長慶局海外項目運營所存在的問題，系統規劃了長慶局海外項目管理模式，初步確立了長慶局海外項目的戰略目標，在對長慶局海外項目現行組織結構分析的基礎上，提出完善長慶局國際業務的具體設想，對海外項目的組織結構提出了建設性的意見，最後，提出了長慶局海外項目的管理策略：以項目招投標決策管理為起點；以合同管理為基礎；以計劃管理為主線；建立管理信息系統，實施有效跟蹤；強化工程項目的預算計劃控制，全面提高項目管理的水平。
  16. The thesis takes finance risk as research object which studies up on the theory system, statistic measurement models and policy of china macroscopic finance risk. the author applies lots of data in analyzing and evaluating china macroscopic finance risk from the establishment of market economic system, and tries to explore the discipline and characteristic, then bring forward theoretical source and policy suggestion for the strategic management of national macroscopic finance risk. the main contents is as follows : the first chapter defines risk, finance risk and macroscopic finance risk, then concludes the basic characteristic of macroscopic finance risk, involving the complexity and multiplicity of forming reasons generated latency, accompanying of finance development and severity of educing crisis. finally, it discusses forming mechanism of macroscopic finance risk from three aspects, such as general source, informational source and international background represents following action and gearing utility in the process from risk to crises

    本文以宏觀金融風險為研究對象，研究我國宏觀金融風險的理論體系、統計度量模型和政策，運用大量的統計數據對市場經濟體制建立以來我國宏觀金融風險狀況進行了分析和評價，試圖探索我國宏觀金融風險的變化規律和形成原因的特殊性，為國家宏觀金融風險的戰略管理提出理論依據和政策建議。其主要研究內容如下：首先，從風險、金融風險和宏觀金融風險等定義出發，總結了宏觀金融風險形成原因的復雜性和多重性、生成的潛伏性、與金融發展的相隨性和引發危機的嚴重性等基本特徵，從金融風險產生的一般根源、信息根源和國際背景三方面論述了宏觀金融風險形成的機理，最後闡釋了從金融風險到金融危機的傳導機制。
  17. Gathered the multitudinous iand development strength, the national new medicine clinical front security appraisal center the glp laboratory, the national clinical pharmacology base. in march, 2005, studies the association by the beautiful national essence lebanon gentleman microorganism usa wallless microorgamism reserch assoc. coordinated the union world venereal diseases research board, the international uropoiesis problem, becomes medicine which in the history first truly broke not governs discusses

    美國華黎士微生物研究協會usa wallless microorgamism reserch assoc . ，聚集了眾多國際領先的專家研究機構及全球頂尖學術專家及資深專業技術人員，協會匯集了58位國際權威的醫學性病專家及100名國際醫學專家學者，擁有世界最先進的病毒檢測設備及雄厚的技術研發力量國家新藥臨床前沿安全性評價中心glp實驗室國家臨床藥理基地。
  18. The article studies the development history of offshore financial business in chinese commercial banks, summarizes and analyzes the historic experiences and lessons of offshore financial business in china. comparing and using the experiences of development of international offshore financial market for reference, it analyzes the necessity and possibility of establishing offshore financial business, moreover, it studies more a train of thought and the related countermeasure to advance offshore financial business in chinese commercial banks

    本文研究了我國商業銀行離岸金融業務的發展歷程，總結和分析了我國離岸金融業務的經驗和教訓，對比借鑒國際上建立離岸金融市場的經驗，分析了我國在新形勢下發展離岸金融業務的必要性和可行性，並著重研究了我國商業銀行今後發展離岸金融業務的新思路和對策。
  19. Students at the university of geneva, benefiting from our close ties to the graduate institute of international studies, the graduate institute of development studies, and the ecumenical institute at bossey, may attend courses at these institutes

    與大學保持密切聯系的研究生院、所有：國際研究研究生院，歐洲研究研究生院，波色基督教研究所，發展研究所等。
  20. Position of sustainable development : a new perspective of contemporary international relations studies

    當代國際關系研究的新視角
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