land surface 中文意思是什麼
land surface
解釋
地表-
Study on consistency of land surface albedo obtained f
由遙感數據獲取的地表反照率歸一化問題探討 -
Retrieval of the land surface albedo over arid oasis of northwest china from eos - modis data
西北乾旱區內陸綠洲農業特徵及發展認識 -
A rotating column of air which does not touch the surface ( water or land surface ) is called a funnel cloud
旋轉雲柱若未到達水面或地面，就叫漏斗雲。 -
The land surface is inundated by a transgressive sea.
陸地的表面為侵進的海水淹沒。 -
It shows that the surface temperature is extremely sensitive to land surface characteristics. a pdf of land surface temperature is given that is used in calculating sensible heat flux and latent heat flux of yangtze river lower region
（ 3 ）利用noaaavhrr衛星資料反演了長江三角洲（長江下游）地表溫度，發現地表溫度對下墊面特徵的空間變化較為敏感。 -
There is a period of soil contents range from ten to twenty five days over the humid discussed area in summer, and the period is not obvious at the discussed zone of close oasis desert area in summer and winter. ( 2 ) soil temperature exits several periodic variations of different depths ranging from six to twenty four days in heihe region, and nine to thirty days in gaize and shiquanhe region. it also shows that gradient of soil temperature affects on the soil content movement more greatly in summer. ( 3 ) the land surface temperature of yangtze river lower region is retrieved from noaa - ahvrr data
（ 2 ）根據土壤溫濕資料，採用功率譜分析、 pca分析等方法，分析了兩種典型下墊面土壤溫度的時空分佈特徵及其對土壤水分運動的影響，發現研究區土壤溫度除日和年變化周期外還存在6 30天的不同周期；下墊面的非均勻性及其季節變化及溫度梯度變化對土壤水分運動有很大影響，冬季溫度梯度變化對土壤含水量影響大於夏季溫度梯度對上壤含水量變化的影響，且溫度梯度與水分運動方向相反。 -
Data procession methods discussion of land surface movement observation station
地表移動觀測站數據處理方法探討 -
After a rain part of the water seeps into these openings and percolates beneath the land surface.
雨後，部分的水就滲進這些洞隙，並在地底下滲透。 -
In effecting recharge by flooding, water is spread over the land surface in a thin sheet.
以漫灌法所進行的補給是將水成片地鋪灑在地面上。 -
To improve understanding of the processes of heterogeneous land surface - atmosphere interaction, the utilization of satelli te remote sensing is indispensadle. in this paper, with the aid of satellite remote sensing and fiend observational data which observed during intensive observation of huaihe river bain energy and water cycle experiment hubex in 1998, the surface albedo, ndvi normalized difference vegetaton index and surface temperature in regional scale of hubex could be derived. then, the distribution of regional energy balance components could be estimated. this wor provided the physical foundation for the numerical simulation of the huaihe river basin energy and water pro cesses, and is important for us to further analyze the regional distribution of surface characteristic parameters ad energy balance components with the change of the weather situation in hubex in 1998. our work is still in a developing stage, some methods of retrieval in the paper should be improved further
利用1998年淮河流域加密觀測試驗hubex iop期間的資料，進行淮河流域能量平衡的參數化方案的研究，用noaa衛星的avhrr資料建立了試驗區地表特徵參數及能量平衡各分量的參數化方程，並對衛星遙感反演結果和試驗觀測值進行了對比，為淮河流域能量和水循環的數值模擬提供了物理依據。 -
A transfer model is established, which can be used to study the interaction between the land surface physical processes of inhomogeneous region and the structure of atmosphere boundary - layer over urban and rural terrains. the model has simulated surface heat flux, surface temperature, temperature profiles, height of mixture layer and so on. and the differences between urban area, suburban area and rural area have been compared. this model mainly depends on the parameters below : surface albedo, surface roughness coefficient, moisture available coefficient of soil, thermal capacity and thermal diffusion coefficient of errain, cloudage. the result shows that this model can simulate the structure and eigenvalues of atmosphere boundary layer and their changes in a day. parameters used in this model aim at beijing city, and the time is at the beginning of september. to other cities, or other time, the parameters should be adjusted accordingly. in addition, being adjusted, the model can also be used for other homogeneous and inhomogeneous terrains
模式主要依賴于以下參數和物理量：地面反照率下墊面粗糙度土壤的可含水量下墊面的熱容量和熱擴散系數雲量等參數。結果表明，本模式能合理地模擬不同地表熱量平衡地表氣溫混合層高度湍流交換系數湍流動能位溫廓線等，以及它們的日變化。該模式所取參數主要針對北京市，時間為九月初，對于其他城市，參數應作相應的調整。 -
The hydrothermal breccia and karst in the beiya area are divided into 4 types and zones, including : sedimentary tuff and breccia induced by hydrothermal explosion and sedimentation on land surface ; hydrothermal sedimentary conglomerate and gas - explosive ejecting breccia related to sedimentation in and collapsing of some shallow karst caves ; netted hydotherma1 limcstone breccia and hydrothermal explosive breccia pipe related to hydrofracturing, corrosion and explosion in the hydrothermal channels ; and yellow granular limestone formed by simmering and alteration in the deep heated water reservoir
北衙地區熱水角礫巖和熱水巖溶可分為4種類型和層次，即地表相爆發沉積作用形成的沉積凝灰角礫巖、熱水沉積鮞狀灰巖與鈣華膠結角礫巖；與近地表洞穴沉積和垮塌作用有關的熱水沉積礫巖和汽爆射流角礫巖；與熱水通道相蝕裂和爆破角礫化作用有關的網路狀灰巖角礫巖筒和熱水隱爆角礫巖筒；深部相熱水浸煮蝕變灰巖。 -
The equation for estimating land surface temperature of huaihe river basin has been set up by using the data of split window channels of trmm and gms - 5 satellite and the ground observation data of hubex
利用trmm衛星和gms - 5衛星的兩個紅外分裂窗通道的亮溫資料，結合淮河流域能量與水分試驗hubex加密觀測期間獲得的地面溫度的觀測資料，建立了反演淮河流域地面溫度的參數化方程。 -
Natural land characteristics are multiple scales heterogeneity. it is very important that studies further schemes of heterogeneous land surface
因此，進一步研究陸面過程參數化（特別是非均勻陸面過程參數化）是十分必要的。 -
One obvious impact is the radical alteration of the land surface.
一種顯而易見的影響是大地表面劇烈的改變。 -
They do not preempt the land surface that is useful for other purposes.
它們不預先佔用對其它目的有用的地面。 -
Ground water is the water that saturates the pores and cracks in soil and rock beneath the land surface.
地下水是充滿在地面底下土壤與巖石的孔隙中的水。 -
Instead, they have formed deposits of coal, natural gas and oil, often located far beneath the land surface or the sea-bed.
它們往往在地表或海底以下很深的地方形成了煤、天然氣和石油的礦床。 -
However, to hydrological cycle which contains the processes of preciptation, run - off, evaporation and storage of soil water, the heterogeneity of physical and ecological characteristics of soil surface and their description method and the hydrologic flux to land surface is still a challengeable problem in modeling of land surface
然而，對于包括降水、徑流、蒸發，土壤層儲水等環節在內的整個陸面水分循環過程來說，地表物理和生態特徵的非均勻性及其描述方法和陸面水文通量參數化問題，迄今仍然是困擾陸面過程模擬的挑戰性難題之一。 -
Effect of soil conservation forest depends on land surface cover of dead leave and soil condition
水土保持林的效益主要取決于林地枯落物和林地土壤狀況。
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