lateral bending 中文意思是什麼
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The plating in ships is generally subjected to combined in - plane and lateral pressure loads. in - plane loads include biaxial compression / tension and in - plane bending and edge shear, which are mainly induced by overall hull girder bending and / or torsion of the vessel. lateral pressure loads are due to water pressure and cargo
面內載荷分為軸向壓應力或拉應力、邊緣剪切應力以及面內軸向彎曲應力。實際的船舶結構中面內載荷通常由船體梁的總縱彎曲或者船體梁的扭轉引起。側向壓應力則由水壓力和貨物壓力引起。 -
In the hogging condition, double bottom and the side shell remain the ultimate bucking strength, deck and upperwing tank remain the yield stress, and the other parts keep elasticity. then the key to calculate the ultimate strength of ship hull girders is to ascertain the ultimate bucking strength of the stiffened panels. in this regard, the developed formulation is designed to be more sophisticated than previous simplified theoretical method for calculating the ultimate strength of stiffened panels under combined in - plane bending and lateral pressure. fabricatio n - related initial imperfections ( initial deflections and residual stresses ) are included in the panel ultimate strength calculation as parameters of influence. all possible collapse modes involed in collapse of stiffened panels, including overall buckling collapse, column or beam - column type collapse, tripping of stiffeners and local bukling of stiffened web are considered
確定了船體梁整體破壞時的剖面應力分佈之後，關鍵在於確定板架的極限屈曲強度。本文充分考慮了在縱向彎曲、橫向壓力作用下加筋板可能發生的幾種破壞模式，即板架的整體屈曲破壞、樑柱形式的破壞、筋的側傾、腹板的屈曲並同時考慮了初始焊接殘余應力、初撓度的影響，使其更精確的計算加筋板的屈曲強度。對于加筋板中加強筋腹板的局部屈曲，採用解析法推導出筋的腹板的撓度方程及其邊界條件，求解相應的方程，從而計算出腹板的局部屈曲應力。 -
At last, the author analyzes and studies numerical simulation of stretch bending forming with lateral compression
在論文的最後進行了有側壓拉彎成形模擬的分析與探討。 -
Welding position : if the configuration collocation of weld is symmetry and the welding sequence is reasonable, the longitudinal contraction and transverse lateral contraction deformation are usually produced, incontrast, the bending deformation is usually produced
焊接位置：如果焊縫在結構布置對稱，焊接順序合理時，則主要產生縱向收縮和橫向收縮變形，反之，則要發生彎曲變形。 -
In this paper, considering the additional bending moments of the axial load about the lateral displacements ( i. e. the second - order effect ), an iterative computer analysis procedure is proposed to predict the load - deformation relations and ultimate loads of steel - concrete composite columns of arbitrary cross section
本文考慮長柱在軸向荷載作用下的附加彎矩影響（二階效應） ，提出了一種適用於任意截面形式鋼-砼組合長柱的荷載-變形關系分析和極限承載力分析的數值迭代計算機方法。 -
Vertical and lateral bending of the steel roof of the deviation should be allowed to meet the norms
鋼屋架的垂直度和側向彎曲的允許偏差應符合規范的規定 -
Lateral neck bending test
頸部側彎試驗 -
Experiment showes that the skew beam has the mechanical characteristic of coupling of bending and torsion. the skew beam has little influence on bottom slab and lateral slab
試驗表明斜梁具有彎扭耦合的力學特性，主梁的斜向布置對側壁和底板的影響較小。 -
The process of rotary stretch bending without lateral compression and with lateral compression is analyzed separately, and the models of the stress distributing in the section and the springback are also presented separately to discuss the relations between pre - stretch force, lateral compression and the amount of springback. numerous experiments had been done on the equipment of ztlw - 8
本文以等邊角型材為研究對象，使用解析法分別對無側壓與側壓轉臺式拉彎成形過程進行研究，建立了成形區截面的應力分佈模型和回彈預測模型，從理論上探討了回彈半徑與預拉力、側壓力的關系。 -
" tooth set " means the alternating lateral bending of saw teeth. it enables the saw band to cut freely
「齒的設置」指鋸齒橫向彎曲度的規律性變化。這樣可以確保鋸切作業順暢。 -
Compounding stiffness is introduced for analyzing the characteristics of moment redistribution in the long - span floor beams structure subjected to lateral loading. it is shown from the testing result that the specimen can be analyzed by elastic theory before cracking. the development of cracking in the spandrel beams and the floor beams ( including floor ) causing the compounding stiffness and the bending stiffness of floor beams through the column to change distinctly, correspondingly moment - torque redistribution occurs
由於過柱子次梁、邊主梁的開裂以及樑上次梁（包括樓板）的開裂，使得過柱子次梁的抗彎剛度和邊主梁樑上次梁板組合剛度發生了明顯的變化，導致產生彎扭重分配，一般情況下，組合剛度與過柱子次梁抗彎剛度的比值增大，邊主梁所受扭矩增加，反之，邊主梁所受扭矩減小。 -
C ompared the results of structural period, displacement and internal forces of mode 1 with mode 3, we can know that the hypo - frame can increase the lateral stiffness of the mega steel - frame structures, decrease lateral - deformation of the structures, especially decrease the maximum inter - storey displacement obviously, and get the internal forces and deformation of the whole structure more uniform. from the analysis results, it can be found that the maximum axial force gets less with hypo - frame than without it, and the maximum shear force and bending moment get more with hypo - frame than without it. thus it can be seen that the mainframe can be an independent structure system by itself, but the cooperation of main and hypo frame should be considered for conducting the entire analysis and design, otherwise the mega structure can be unsafe, in addition, from the comparing analysis, it can be found that the shear force and bending moment of inside - row columns are increased much more than those of outside - row ones in a mega column
通過3個算例方案1和方案3結構周期、位移和內力反應的比較分析可知，次框架可以進一步增加巨型鋼框架結構的抗側剛度，減少結構側向變形，特別是明顯減少了結構最大層間位移，使整個結構的內力與變形分佈更為均勻；次框架的加入使主框架柱最大軸力較無次框架情況減少，而主框架柱的最大剪力和彎矩較無次框架情況都有所增加，由此可知，雖然主框架本身可以成為獨立的結構體系，但在分析設計時，還應該考慮主、次框架協同工作，進行整體分析、整體設計，否則結構會偏於不安全。 -
The numerical results show that the lateral ground displacement is one of factors that cause pile failures in liquefied ground. at the soft - hard interface, pile may overbear the ultimate moment which leads to bending and shearing failures. therefore, except the effect of large inertial loads from superstructure, the influence of the lateral ground displacement on pile foundation cannot be neglected in a seismic design of pile foundation in lateral spreading ground
計算結果表明地基的側向位移是與液化有關的樁基震害的主要原因之一，在軟硬交界處樁可能承受了超出樁本身極限抗彎能力的彎矩，容易發生彎剪破壞，在有液化側擴地基中樁基的設計不能僅考慮上部結構震動的影響，地基的水平側向位移對樁基的影響不容忽視。 -
For the first time, the process of the rotary stretch bending with lateral compression is analyzed by analytical method, and a new explanation is put forward to explain the negative springback in the forming process
本文首次使用解析法對側壓轉臺式拉彎成形過程進行分析，並對成形過程中的負回彈現象提出了新的解釋。 -
The load distributed by central piles under vertical load are higher than by others of the pile group ; 2. under higher vertical load, the foundation soil shows an obvious characteristic of plastic strengthening ; 3. the bearing capacity of pile group under vertical load is larger than the whole sum of bearing capacity of single piles in pile group ; 4. the position of the maximum or zero value of bending moment inpiles, the line shape of bending moment diagram and the value of bending moment of the same cross section of a pile under same load is different according to the lateral loading and the longitudinal loading ; 5
在較大的豎向荷載作用下，土體出現明顯的塑性強化特徵； 3在豎向荷載作用下，群樁的承載力大於各基樁承載力之和； 4沿線路水平縱、橫向加載時，最大彎矩和零彎矩的位置、彎矩變化曲線的形狀以及在相同荷載作用下各樁同一截面的彎矩值都有一定差異； 5 -
Because continuous rigid frame bridge is a kind of multi - degree indeterminate structure, large internal force will be produced in the bridge structure due to the temperature effect. therefore, it is necessary to design the flexible pier with small lateral displacement rigidity, which calls for the decision of a reasonable ratio of beam bending rigidity to pier lateral displacement rigidity
此外，連續剛構橋是高次超靜定結構，溫度變化將引起較大的結構內力，需要設計抗推剛度較小的柔性墩以減小溫度內力，合理確定主梁與墩的剛度比值是設計的關鍵。 -
Non - linear bending of thin plates with different properties under combined heating and lateral force
熱力聯合作用下不同材料參數圓薄板的大撓度彎曲 -
By way of these tendons, precest beams and columns can be assembled conveniently, and the joints and frame are monolithic and continuous. consequently, compared with common reinforced concrete frams, this kind of frame systems possess higher reliability and solved the problems in the process of assembling prestressed concrete frames. also it forms the framework of subassemblage and prestressed concrete frames, and explores a new way for industrial production of prestressed structures. by analyzing this system, a series of conclusion are provided, incluing modulation of bending moment produced by vertical loads within beam end, secondary internal forces produced by pretress force, shear resistance of the end of beams, the influence of lateral restrains. theresearch results of this paper are proved to be practical. some advices are also brought forward on the design process
后張預應力筋既可作為施工階段拼裝手段，又可在使用階段承受梁端彎矩，構成整體受力節點和連續受力框架，克服了裝配式節點受力可靠性差的缺陷，解決了預應力混凝土框架難以裝配的問題，形成預制預應力混凝土裝配整體式框架，開辟了預應力結構工業化生產的新途徑。本文針對預壓裝配式預應力混凝土框架，從豎向荷載作用下的梁端彎矩調幅、施加預應力在框架中產生的次內力、梁端抗剪承載力、考慮側限的無側移框架的承載力分析四個方面對該種裝配式結構體系的性能做了詳細的研究。 -
The structure shearing force takes a one - way increasing trend with the decrease of ratio of beam bending rigidity and pier lateral displacement rigidity and the increasing rate is bigger. when the consolidation at the bottom of pier is elastic consolidation and the structure force is bigger the extreme value mentioned at the above, the structure force will take a increase with the decrease of ratio ; and when the structure force is smaller the extreme value, the improvement of the inner force at the bottom of pier is distinct adopting elastic consolidation and bending of at the top of pier and beam will has a great increase
對于墩底採用彈性固接時，結構內力在梁、墩剛度比不低於前述固接墩出現極值點時剛度比的情況下，將出現內力值隨剛度比的增加而減小；而在梁、墩剛度比小於極值點剛度比時採用彈性固接對墩底彎矩改善較大較為明顯，對墩頂及主梁的彎矩將會有較大幅度的增加。
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