liability with fault 中文意思是什麼
liability with fault
解釋
無過失賠償責任-
In the matter of fact, the theory of fault not only reflects the basis of related criminal liability and the theory of criminal law. its formation and development has a close relation with its coeval historical background and cultural source
事實上，罪過理論不僅集中反映了相關的刑事責任根據理論和刑法學說，而其之形成與沿革，更與其同時代的歷史背景和思想文化淵源有著不可分割的臍帶聯系。 -
When dealing with the subjective - guilt of environmental crime, common - law countries follow the principle that " et actus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea and liability without fault is adopted by individual law, not regarded as universal principle
以英國和美國為代表的英美法系在環境犯罪的主觀罪過上，一般都遵循「無罪過即無刑罰」的原則，無過失責任只規定在個別法規中，並沒有作為普遍的歸責原則。 -
After discussing the limitation of actions and the burden of adducing evidence with respect to the contracting fault liability compensation, the article finally gives comments to the contract law of p. r. china regarding its stipulations on the contracting fault liability and analyses the real cases according to the provisions of the contract law of p. r. china for the purpose of improving the level of judiciary in china
並探討了締約過失損害賠償的訴訟時效與舉證責任：最後評析了我國《合同法》中關于締約過失責任的規定，並對照《合同法》的規定對所舉事例進行了分析，以期對我國司法有所裨益。 -
The third chapter mainly focuses on the civil indemnity liability originating from the securities manipulation. to begin with, the first part ascertains that such kind of torts generally trepasses on the object of so - called " pure economic interest ' mn next part, it demonstrates in detail the requisites with which would incur a civil damage liability. regarding the fault ( including both intention and negligence ), it put forward a viewpoint that we should impose the civil liability upon manipulations of chinese securities market on the basis of constructive fault principle. about the question of iniuria ( wrong ), the author studies two aspects, one is assumption of risk, the other is the model of determining iniuria and solutions proposed
其中第一節首先明確了操縱市場這種侵權行為的客體即所謂「純粹財產上利益」 。第二節具體闡明了操縱市場行為民事賠償責任的構成要件。在過錯部分提出要以推定過失責任原則為基礎追究我國證券市場操縱行為的民事責任，違法部分研究了自甘冒險行為和違法認定模式及對策兩個問題，其中違法認定模式是一個創新，對改變我國目前證券市場民事索賠必須先由證監會認定違法的機制給予了批判。 -
As to the doctrine of liability fixation the author thought that, in line with the duty of care of different subject of misrepresentation, ve should built three different standards consequently which were strict liability, fault liability liability on willfulness. as to cautionary relation, this thesis maintained that it could be classified into cautionary relation on transaction and cautionary relation on loss, and that the former was the fast knot on the question of cautionary relation on civil responsibility of misrepresentation, and that we should built presumptive rule on cautionary relation referring to the relative institute of america
關于歸責原則，作者認為應當根據不同虛假陳述主體對信息披露所負的注意義務提出嚴格責任、過失責任和故意責任三個相應歸責標準，其中，嚴格責任適用於證券發行人，過失責任適用於除發行人之外的其他所有信息披露文體，故意責任適用於中介機構承擔連帶這種特定情形。損害後果作為虛假陳述的必備要件之一，僅限於財產上的損害。對于因果關系，文章將其分為交易的因果關系和損失的因果關系，認為前者是虛假陳述民事責任因果關系的癥結所在。 -
In respect of product liability attributing principle, u. s. and many other countries establish strict liability attributing principles and improve and develop those principles with economic and technological development. in contrast our country abopt faultfree attributing principle toward manufacturers and fault attributing principle toward selles which is unfair to manufacturers an d not good to consumers " rights protection
在產品責任歸責原則方面，美國等國家大部分確立了嚴格責任歸責原則，並隨著經濟、技術的發展，對其加以完善和發展；我國對生產者採用無過錯歸責原則，對銷售者採取過錯歸責原則，這不僅對生產者不公平，而且不利於保護消費者。 -
This dissertation, through discussing respectively and researching by comparative method as to the compensation for damages for breach of a contract and for the infringement arising from road traffic accident which is related to serve contract, raises that, there exist mutual part and difference in the scope of damages, the principle of the fixation of liability, the proof of evidence, the rule of the counteraction between faults, the undertaking of the third party for the fault liability, the dealing of the free - rider with good - faith, as to the contract law and tort law in china
筆者在論文中，通過對具有服務合同關系的道路交通事故的違約損害賠償、侵權損害賠償的分別闡述和比較研究，說明了我國合同法和侵權行為法這兩種法律規范在賠償范圍、歸責原則、舉證責任、過失相抵規則適用、第三人過錯責任承擔、好意同乘者的處理等方面，既有相同之處，也存在諸多差異。 -
In the transport of cargo, if the carrier proves that the damage was caused by or contributed to the fault of the person claiming compensation, or the person from whom he derived his right, the carrier shall be wholly or partly exonerated from his liability in accordance with the extent of the fault that caused or contributed to such damage
在貨物運輸中，經承運人證明，損失是由索賠人或者代行權利人的過錯造成或者促成的，應當根據造成或者促成此種損失的過錯的程度，相應免除或者減輕承運人的責任。 -
That is, the legal liability of the fund manager is to restore the trust property with no respect to any negligence or fault on its part
即不論基金管理人違反信託的行為是否存在過失或過錯，其法律責任是恢復信託財產原狀。 -
Any clause, covenant or agreement in a contract of carriage relieving the carrier or the ship from liability for loss or damage to, or in connection with, goods arising from negligence, fault or failure in duties and obligations provided in this article or lessening such liability otherwise than provided in these rules shall be null and void and no effect
運輸契約中任何條款、約定或協議，凡解除承運人或船舶由於疏忽、過失或未履行本條款規定的責任和義務，而引起貨物或關于貨物的丟失或損害責任的，或在本公約外減輕這種責任的，都應作廢或無效。 -
The third part analyzes damages of elements of products liability. most countries stipulate that physical harm, economic harm and other indirect harm caused by defected products should be restored, of course, they are limited to different degree. however, countries have diverge on the stipulation of damages of products themselves. there are three modes on the compensation of damages of products themselvesronly physical harm and economic harm are dealt with in the suit of products liability, and damages of products themselves is dealt with by means of contract law ; all are dealt with hi the suit of products liability ; comprised way. the thesis considers that comprised way is more reasonable and can protect harmed parties more fully and " conviently. besides this, the article discusses the calling back of defective products preliminarily, and considers that as one means of duty disregarding fault, it can be one kind of effective supplement of liability of compensation for damages
本文第三部分對產品責任構成中的損害問題進行了分析。本文從比較法上考察了各國關于損害問題的規定，發現大多數國家對缺陷產品引起的人身損害、財產損失及其間接損失，明確規定予以賠償，只是程度不等地受到限制;對于產品自身損害，則存在分歧。關于產品自身損害，一般來說，賠付方式有三種:一是在產品責任訴訟中只處理缺陷產品所造成的對受害人的人身和財產的損害，而產品自身損害只能通過合同法的途徑加以解決;二是將二者放在產品責任訴訟中一併解決;三是折衷的辦法。 -
Liability with fault liability without fault
無過失賠償責任 -
The institution of the capacity for civil liability of natural person exists in the institution of liability with fault, is the logic result of applying the institution of liability with fault, and the logic premise that affirms a fault
民事責任能力制度存在於過錯責任制度之中，是適用過錯責任制度的邏輯結果，是認定過錯的邏輯前提。所以只要有過錯責任制度的存在就有民事責任能力制度的存在。 -
Scholars have different opinions on the application of liability without fault. this thesis, combining some scholars ' ideas with the legislation of subjective guilt about environmental crime in continental law system, analyses the subjective guilt of environmental crime
本文結合國內外學者的一些觀點及大陸法系和英美法系環境犯罪主觀罪過的立法和實務，對環境犯罪的主觀罪過問題進行了分析和研究。 -
The common liability principle of tortious liability of securities fraud is fault liability, with the exception of non - fault liability. so, it is not particular tortious liability but common tortious liability. on the condition of forming joint tort, the multi - actors should bear joint liability
證券欺詐的侵權責任以過錯責任為一般歸責原則，以無過錯責任為例外，屬於一般侵權責任；在構成共同侵權的情況下，多個行為人須承擔連帶責任。 -
In some cases, the liability for fault in a treaty will mix together with tort liability or the liability of breaking a contract. when this happens, the party concerned should choose a right of request to solve the problem
締約過失責任在某些情形下會與侵權責任或違約責任發生競合，甚至出現三種責任的競合，此時，應由當事又自主選擇一種請求權行使。 -
As a result, the applying object of the institution of the capacity for civil liability is all of the actions with fault, including the conduct to breach of faith and the act of tort that is suitable for the institution of liability with fault
民事責任能力的著眼點是行為的過錯與否，而不是行為的違法與否。所以責任能力的適用對象是所有過錯行為，包括所有適用過錯責任制度的違約行為與侵權行為。 -
Fouth, the essay analyses the influence of liability insurance upon the criterion of liabity in tort law. liability insurance ensures and stabilizes the position of no - fault liability. liability insurance has both positive and negative influence upon the applicable scope of no - fault liability. finally, the writer concludes that criterion of liability system in our country should include both the fault liability and no - fault liability. with the case analysis, the writer again rejects to regard the equitable liability as the criterion of liability
又次，本文從現代工業社會事故激增並趨嚴重，損失分散的思想逐漸取代損失轉移成為侵權行為法的思考方式的角度，從侵權責任體現的正義觀發生變化的角度，審視了責任保險對侵權行為法歸責原則的影響:責任保險肯定並穩定了無過錯責任原則的地位，對無過錯責任原則的適用范圍既是促進也是遏制。 -
Second, discusses the imputation of the liability of trademark right, and points out : it is practicable to establish the system of " right of the real claim " or " right of intellectual property claim ", with succeeding and perfecting the system of liability for tort at the same time ; the compensation for damage of infringement of trademark right should take the principle liability for fault as the main liability principle and the principle liability for fault inferred as a complement. third, discusses the excuses which may be as a plea in the action of the infringement of trademark right, such as fair use, prior right, forfeiter of trademark right. at last, approach the subject that how to apply and perfect legal proceedings and alter ways to the remedies of trademark right
接著，探討了侵犯商標權責任的認定，指出：可在繼承與完善我國侵權民事責任制度的同時設立物上請求權或知識產權上請求權制度來保護商標權；侵犯商標權的損害賠償宜採用過錯責任為主、過錯推定責任為輔的歸責原則；隨后，探討了侵犯商標權訴訟中可以作為抗辯的事由，如合理使用、在先權、商標權無效等；最後，探討了運用和完善訴訟和訴訟外兩種方式救濟商標權的問題。 -
This article holds that it has five requisites to constitute civil compensation for medical malpractice and that is fair to apply liability with presumed fault principle to medical malpractice cases
醫療事故民事賠償責任的構成為「五要件」 ，其歸責原則為過錯推定責任原則。
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