load criterion 中文意思是什麼
load criterion
解釋
負荷標準-
In view of bearing capacity of the elastoplastic theory analysis, the author made a comparison between the achieved bearing capacity limit load pi / 4 of round base ( space problem ) and the limit load pi / 4 of bar groundwork foundation design ( plane problem ) from soil mechanics at home and abroad as well as foundation criterion, and explained why the value of formula in present design criterion from soil mechanics is inclined to be conservative. in the light of the author ' s many years experience of vibration test on the spot and the research work of relevant projects, the author worked over the dynamic pile testing of the bearing capacity of foundation and batholith, and gathered the parameter of dynamic analysis and testing. the author also talked over the difficult point of pile foundation design criteria in present batholith engineering world, i. e. the confirmation of batholith bearing capacity of pile end, from the following aspects : a ) confirmation of single axis counter - pressure strength of rock in house ; b ) f. e. m calculation of elastoplastic model ; c ) calculation of soil mechanics ; d ) deep well load test
然後，對巖土工程領域至今尚未解決，甚至不為人注意的考慮地基變形的地基承載力問題進行了實用化的探討，提出了考慮地基變形的地基承載力上程計算方法；對基於彈塑性理論分析的地基承載力國內尚未見報道的空間問題得到了圓形基礎（空間問題）的承載力界限荷載p _ （ 1 / 4 ） ，並與國內外土力學專著及地基基礎設計規范中的條形基礎（平面問題）的界限荷載p _ （ 1 / 4 ） ，進行了對比，從而定量上解釋了目前設計規范引用土力學承載力公式值偏於保守的這一情況；根據本文作者多年從事現場地基工程振動試驗及相關課題的研究工作，本文以截頭錐模型模擬地基，對地基（巖基）承載力的動測法進行了研究，為各類地基（包括巖基） ，匯總了動力分析和檢測川的參數：針對日前巖土工程界應用樁基設計規范中的難點? ?樁端巖基承載力的確定問題，從巖石室內單軸抗壓強度確定、基於彈塑性模型的有限單元法計算、土力學計算及深斤載荷試驗四方面進行了深入討論；本文作者根據多年現場載荷試驗的工程實踐，對深井荷試驗裝置的核心部分? ?反力裝置，設計了側壁支撐反力加載系統，該加載系統具有實用、簡便、穩定及安個等優點。 -
The research information of the slab that has been used for forepassed decades is extremely few. there is a lack of the method of calculating load bearing capacity of slab with slightly curved bottom in our bridge criterion
在過去的幾十年中，微彎板的研究資料極少，我國橋梁規范中尚無微彎板的承載力的確定方法。 -
The main research is below : ( 1 ) the influence to intensity and rigid with corner angle ( 60, 75 and 90 degree ) of crack and the board axes ( 2 ) do a fem stress / strain and crack growth simulation analysis when the corner angle of crack and the board axes is 60 degree ( 3 ) do a intensity resume analysis for the structure which is repaired with a titanium patch in a mechanical way when the corner angle of crack and the board axes is 60 degree through simulation analysis for three failure criterion, we have : ( 1 ) in 60, damage extend quickly with damage analysis in hashin criterion ; it is slower for analysis in maximum stress or hashin - rotem criterion. ( 2 ) in special term ( physical condition incision, shape or maximum load ) the compression strength of the stiffened plate will decline 45 % ~ 50 % under compression loads
通過採用三個不同損傷判據的數值模擬模擬，得到如下結論： （ 1 ）在60時，用hashin判據進行的損傷分析，損傷擴展較快；最大應力及hashin - rotem判據進行的損傷分析，損傷擴展基本相當，且較慢； （ 2 ）在所給加筋板的物理條件、切口大小及形狀、最大載荷等一定的條件下，該加筋板在壓縮載荷作用下，其壓縮強度下降了45 50 ； （ 3 ）在本文提及到的機械連接修理方法以及載荷條件下，修理后的結構強度恢復能夠滿足戰時要求。 -
The safety of transmission line plays a important role in power system safety it is not only the requirement of ensure supply power reliability, but also the necessary precondition of enhance power system stabilization, to remove faulty line quickly and accurately, also keep non - faulty line continuous work when some transmission line faults current differential protection is a kind of simple, reliable and good - selective protection manner to any variety of transmission lines, power system development needs current differential protection apply to transmission lines, moreover the advancement of electric and communication technology enable current differential protection apply to transmission lines firstly, the paper discusses, analyses the research and application transmission line protection in detail, compare the principle and realistic presupposition of general line pilot protections secondly, because conventional current vector differential protection are influenced easily by load current and transitional resistance, in order to at the same time quicken protection act, the principle and criterion include work characteristic of differential protect based on fault component sampled values are studied, results shows that differential protect based on fault component sampled values excels general vector current differential protection in reliability, sensitivity and anti - saturation of current transformer in addition, synchronous current sampling methods at all terminals of line is analyzed and estimated lastly, the principle and criterion. also device design about current sampling values differential protection based on optical fiber communication, which apply to short transmission lines are concretely investigated,
基於基爾霍夫定律的電流差動保護無論對於何種形式的輸電線路都是一種簡單、可靠、選擇性強的保護形式，電力系統的發展使得電流差動保護應用於線路保護成為需要，而電子、通信技術的發展使得電流差動保護應用於輸電線路成為可能。首先，本文對目前線路保護的研究和實際應用情況進行了討論和分析，比較了常用線路縱聯保護的實現原理和實現條件及優缺點。其次，針對常規相量電流差動保護易受正常負荷電流和故障過渡電阻影響的缺點，同時為加快差動保護的動作速度，對基於故障分量瞬時采樣值電流差動保護的原理、判據、動作特性等作了討論和分析，結果表明基於故障分量瞬時采樣值電流差動保護在可靠性、靈敏度、抗電流互感器飽和方面明顯優于常規相量電流差動保護，對電流差動保護各端的同步采樣方法和數據通信也進行了分析和評價。 -
It includes : solving " excess attempt " and " defective attempt " of agc by load prediction in extraordinary shot time, that is preceding control technique ; ( 2 ) enhancing the regulating capacity and speed of agc of chongqing network by 5 measure ; analyzing the policymaking that chongqing network could achieve criterion now or after three gorges power station running, discussing the managing measure how to enhance regulating capability of agc of chongqing network
其中包括：利用超短期負荷預報解決agc 「過調」和「欠調」問題的超前控制技術；以5種實現方式提高重慶電網agc可調量和調節速度；探討了當前和在三峽電站投運后重慶電網達到考核標準的對策，討論了從管理上提高重慶電網agc調節性能的辦法和措施。 -
Through the excel program, and combining the inside and outside environment of the excavation and stress field and displace field, the data of stress and displacement of points are analyzed in variable depth and load grade and terminal state. the spss software has been applied to the statistics of geometry parameter of failure surface, and the failure surface criterion is created by the linearity regression from d ( the longest horizontal distance between the failure surface and the side face of the slope ), ho ( the depth
此外，應用spss軟體對試驗破壞滑弧的幾何參數進行統計分析，並對滑弧的最大水平深入距離d及d處至坑底的高度h _ 0結合各水理指標進行多元線性回歸，建立滑面的判據，並對此判據進行修正，且用實際工程對其進行評價，通過反算已知滑面的c 、值，表明邊界條件對破壞形式有極大的干擾作用，所直接看到的破壞類型土體不是發生整體滑移破壞，而是剝落式的潰屈破壞。 -
Based on the other city data of load forecast, formed the criterion of forecast to sha pingba
在借鑒其它城市負荷預測數據的基礎上，建立了沙坪壩的負荷預測指標。 -
The crux of void detection is how to discern the influence caused by indefinite load - transfer capacity and void separately on deflection. it is apparent that only using deflection as the criterion to detect void is impractical
水泥混凝土路面板下脫空評定的關鍵是區分接縫傳荷不足與脫空分別對彎沉產生的影響，單一利用彎沉指標來評定脫空狀況是不完全切合實際的。 -
2. a relevant formula of eight - node adhesive finite element is deduced in the paper, which is based on a separately interpolation scheme for reissner - mindlin plate element. a load capability analysis method for patched composite laminated structure is established by using tsai - hill failure criterion and thai ' s reduced stiffness scheme, and corresponding computer code is also developed
在任意四邊形四節點復合材料層合板殼單元的基礎上，推導了相應的八節點膠單元，並採用蔡-希爾強度理論以及蔡氏剛度退化準則，對復合材料層合板膠接補強結構進行剛度分析和極限承載能力分析，編制了相應的有限元分析程序。 -
The paper contains two segments : static and dynamic detection, evaluation and alteration. static monitoring contains apparent and load detection. the model of multi - layer fuzzy evaluation and the bridge using capability grade membership function are used in the appraisal of the bridge technical condition of the highroad criterion technic and maintenance, and then the data and excel of the bridge compontents. the bridge grade membership function can be deduced from the factor theory domain. grade theory domain and the bridge using capacity grade membership function, then by baseding the connection of weigh and factor judgement matrix and judging gradually, finally the bridge comprehensive evaluation synthetical judging grade will be figured out
在表觀檢測中將多層次模糊評價模型和橋梁使用性能等級隸屬函數引入《公路技術養護規范》中的橋梁技術狀況等級評定中，並對此規范中的橋梁部件缺損狀況評定狀況進行修正；通過建立因素論域、等級論域以及根據王光遠教授提出的利用典型函數形式來建立橋梁使用性能等級隸屬函數，通過權重和因素評判矩陣的關系來運算，逐級評判，最終求出橋梁綜合評判等級。 -
The effect of complex groundsill and dam body ' s construction process can be considered conveniently when finite element method is used to analyze dam body ' s stress. but there is no design criterion correspondingly because of the stress concentration that is caused by load at dam heel and dam toe under elastic state. furthermore, its value is easily affected by mesh size
有限元法分析拱壩壩體應力可以較方便地考慮復雜地基條件和壩體施工過程的影響，但是由於彈性狀態下拱壩壩踵、壩趾處受荷載后的應力集中現象，而且其數值受網格尺寸影響較大，因此至今無與之相應的設計準則。 -
Then figure out the wind load in term of the load criterion and the wind tunnel test results separately. by comparing with the two results, we can draw a conclusion that the values which generated by the load criterion are bigger than these ones generated by the other. in order to calculate and design in the worst situation, the paper select the bigger basic wind stress and then turn the area - load into liner - load to receive the displacement of the nodes and the internal force of the cells generated by the static wind load
由此，得出用於作業棚結構設計的數據，進而按建築荷載規范和風洞試驗數據分別計算出風荷載標準值以及基本風壓，通過對兩種靜力風荷載計算的結果進行比較，可以看出，按規范計算風荷載的結果在結構的整體計算中偏於保守。按照最不利情況計算的設計準則，本論文選用較大的基本風壓值按受力面積分配的方法把面荷載轉化為線荷載代入midas運算程序中，求得該結構在該靜力風荷載作用下的節點最值位移。 -
Based on the needing of port, studies the shore container crane driver simulation training ware. the paper analyzes the operation criterion, brings forward the software models " design. building the dynamics model for real operation to control the load sway, use real simulation software - vega, combining the virtual reality peripheral equipments such as data glove, track system, discusses the feasibility of applying virtual reality peripheral equipments to the shore container crane drive simulation
本文分析了虛擬現實技術和計算機模擬技術的發展及實際運用的情況，根據目前港口生產和司機培訓的需要，就岸邊集裝箱起重機駕駛模擬器進行了研究：通過分析岸邊集裝箱起重機駕駛的操作規范，提出了岸邊集裝箱起重機駕駛模擬訓練器的軟體模塊設計；建立了起重機貨物的偏擺動力學模型；使用實時模擬軟體vega ，結合虛擬現實的外部設備如數據手套、跟蹤系統等，討論了將虛擬外設運用到岸邊集裝箱起重機駕駛模擬器的方法。 -
The devices have many merits. they can sensitively and reliably cut off all the faults occurring in the power system. even under the critical situation, faulting on the long heavy load transmission lines through high ground resistances, the criterion based on fault components still has considerable sensibility
此裝置的優點是：能夠靈敏、可靠的切除電力系統發生的各種故障，尤其是基於故障分量的差動判據與傳統差動判據相比，在重載線路上發生各種故障，即使是高阻接地時，也具有很好的靈敏性。 -
Although oil is used only in the case of ignition and low load operation, the amount is very great. in order to save the precious and expensive oil, a novel technology, induction - heating multi - stage free - oil ignition technology of pulverized coal ( mfit ), is brought forward in this thesis. based on the study of ignition mechanism of coal, ignition criterion, heating method and ignition theory of pulverized coal ( pc ), mfit integrates hot - wall ignition technology, induction heating technology and multi - stage ignition technology
為降低電站鍋爐點火成本和低負荷運行費用、解決電站鍋爐點火用油和低負荷助燃用油居高不下的問題，在分析研究煤的著火機理、著火判據、加熱方式和煤粉的點燃理論的基礎上，本文將熱壁面點火、感應加熱、多級點火等過程有機地結合起來，進行了感應加熱煤粉多級無油點火的試驗研究。 -
Author thinks that the direction of the maximum plastic distortion along a constant radius around the crack tip may be considered as the direction of shear - mode fracture ( named pmax - criterion ) and the load when located shear band prongs the ligament in the front of crack tip is regarded as the limited load of shear - mode fracture. ( 3 ) the fad ( fracture assessment diagram ) of titled crack is proposed based on achievements of mesomechanics about i - ii complex ductile fracture of metal, and the titled crack is classified two kinds : void - mode fracture is assessed by fracture assessment curve, and shear - mode fracture by limited load. ( 4 ) using a fe program based on plantle - ressue theory to calculate some mesomechanical parameters, a flange joint structure of a high pressure vessel ( design pressure 31. 4mpa and the thickness of the hemispherical head is half of that of shell. ) is analyzed to determine whether the structure under operation pressure is safe or not, forecast the mode of potential invalidation and argue for the rationality of design of the structure
試件的整體斷裂為剪切型，但在試件芯部裂尖鈍化區中部出現了韌窩型啟裂並有一定的擴展，說明局部較高的應力三軸度也會使韌窩型機制得以發展，但是不改變試件整體的剪切型斷裂模式；對韌性斷裂的剪切模式的細觀機理做了一定的探討，並且提出了含裂紋構件剪切型斷裂的宏觀判據：認為裂紋前方的集中剪切帶中與裂紋尖端等半徑處最大有效塑性應變出現的方向可以作為裂紋剪切斷裂的方向（可簡稱為_ （ pmax ）準則） ，集中剪切滑移帶貫穿裂紋前方承載韌帶時的載荷可以作為極限載荷；本文運用金屬韌性斷裂細觀力學在一復合型韌性斷裂方面的研究成果，採用失效評定圖的形式，提出了傾斜裂紋的安全性評定方法的基本框架。 -
In the engineering the static load test usually is used to determine the bearing capacity of composite foundation, but the relative specifications in the " the criterion of building foundation treatment ( jgj79 - 91 ) " are not so clear
分析表明群樁復合地基具有群樁效應問題，其性狀與單樁復合地基有很大的不同。 -
It is a kind of architecture, which can accept many effective components and the " plug and play " components, and support many kinds of os platforms, database platforms and network platforms, can conveniently communicate between components and software architecture, components and components, components and user. and sustained by agent, it realizes the distributional calculation, load balance and self - adaptive according to definite criterion in definite range
它是一種能夠接受多種有效組件，可實現組件的即插即用，並支持多種操作系統平臺、數據庫平臺與網路平臺，可方便的實現組件與數據倉庫自適應體系結構之間、組件與組件之間以及組件與用戶之間的通信，在agent的支持下，實現了在一定范圍內按照一定的規范分佈計算、負載平衡與自我調整的新型智能數據倉庫體系結構。 -
Because the active load criterion don ’ t provide the wind load calculate on the complicated shape and circumjacent disturb high - rise buildings, now the primary means to determine the wind load on buildings is wind tunnel test
由於現行荷載規范沒有提供復雜外形及周邊建築干擾下的高層建築風荷載計算，現在確定建築風荷載的主要手段還是風洞試驗。 -
On the basis of the design and calculation of such space truss system, this paper has analysed and summed up the experiment dataes of the wind tunnel test and made a deeply research and analysis on this kind of structure which undergoing complicated wind load. compare the wind load values which gained by calculating according to load criterion and the wind tunnel test separately and then analyze and compare the two different results got by static wind load and dynamatic ones separately. at last, analyze the two outcomes through these two different methods which in virtue of finite element program midas
本文在鹽田碼頭閘口的工程設計基礎上，分析總結了對該建築物進行風洞試驗的試驗數據，並對利用風洞試驗數據計算所得風荷載值與按規范計算所得的風荷載值進行了比較，然後藉助有限元軟體midas對該結構在靜力風荷載作用下和動力風荷載作用下的節點位移進行了計算分析和比較。
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