lower and upper 中文意思是什麼
lower and upper
解釋
上和下,低與高-
A real rough set space and the concepts of real lower and upper approximation corresponding to real - valued attributes is studied. a rhombus neighborhood for som is proposed, and the combination of som and rough sets theory is explored in the dissertation. according to the distance between the weight of winner node and the input vector in the real rough sets space, some new weights learning rules are defined
本文提出採用菱形鄰域代替一般的方形鄰域，可以減少待修正權重的數目;並利用實數粗糙空間的下、上近似集的精確概念劃分自組織映射的輸出結果，使得改進后的映射結果中各類樣本點之間有明顯的間隔，易於進行分類識別。 -
To separate the lower and upper bounds of the range,
）將范圍的上下限分開， -
However, a necrotizing steroid myopathy has also been reported to occur. proximal muscle weakness of the lower and upper extremities is significantly related to the cumulative dose of steroid
但是，壞死性的類固醇肌病也有報道。上肢和下肢近端肌無力與類固醇累積劑量有關。 -
In this paper, we study the stopping sets, stopping distance and stopping redundancy for binary linear codes. stopping redundancy is a new concept proposed by schwartz and vardy recently for evaluating the performance of a linear code under iterative decoding over a binary erasure channel. since the exact value of stopping redundancy is difficult to obtain in general, good lower and upper bounds are important
近年來，迭代譯碼的性能分析是低密度校驗ldpc碼研究領域的熱點問題之一， di等人在2001年指出：迭代譯碼在二元刪除通道bec中的性能可以由ldpc碼的停止集stopping set完全刻畫。 -
Even if both the lower and upper houses of congress have passed the bill without a single objection, the regime has shown its hard - heartedness by objecting to it and using its lackeys in congress to withdraw the bill
甚至國會上院和下院都已經順利通過了關于增加工資的的提案的情況下，阿羅約政府仍然表現出了它的鐵石心腸：它拒絕了這一提案，並通過它在國會的走卒撤回了這一提案。 -
This paper proposed some methods for finding out sure regions and ambiguous regions defined by lower and upper approximations in rough set theory. an applicable ending - criterion for semi - supervised back - propagation algorithm was proposed and a new rough classifier framework was studied, the assessment results show the effectiveness of the proposed criterion. a new classifier based on support vector machines was studied and applied
本文提出了幾種劃分樣本邊界區的方法:提出了一種應用於半監督bp演算法的實用結束判據，並根據粗糙集理論，研究了一種新的粗糙分類機制，取得良好的效果；應用支持向量機理論，構造分類器並劃分樣本邊界區；最後研究多個分類器集成的方法尋找樣本邊界區，同樣提高了暫態穩定評估的可靠性 -
In this paper, we will more deeply research on the base of the works, the first part, we give the summarize for the condition and the significance. the second part, we give the preparation knowledge to the whole paper ; the third part, we research the lower and upper bound of the generalized hamming weights for the linear codes ; include d ( r, n, k ) bound, the finite sum representation of the lower and upper bound function of generalized hamming weights for linear codes, generalized griesmer bounds ; the 4 - th part, research the definition, the property of the r - th generalized weights for the non - linear codes and non - linear constant codes, and give the expression of the generalized weight of binary ( n, m, d ) non - linear codes ; the 5 - th part, research the weight hierarchy of linear codes and non - linear codes, for example, necessary condition and sufficient condition, the 6 - th part, we research the expression of the r - th generalized hamming weights of reseaval classes codes
本文在已有的基礎之上作了進一步的探討，第一章綜述了廣義hamming重量的現狀和意義；第二章給出了全文的預備知識；第三章研究了線性碼的廣義hamming重量的一些上下界；包括d （ r ， n ， k ）界，上下限函數有限和表達式，廣義griesmer界；第四章討論了非線性碼及非線性等重碼的廣義hamming重量的定義、性質，給出了2元（ n ， m ， d ）非線性碼的第r廣義hamming重量的表達式；第五章研究了線性碼、非線性碼的重量譜系；第六章給出了幾類碼的廣義hamming重量的表達式，這些碼包括直和碼（ directsumcodes ） 、笛卡爾積碼（ cartesianproductcodes ） 、張量積碼（ tensorproductcodes ） 、延長hamming碼。 -
At first, we introduce a class of generalized s - r - kkm type mapping in g - convex space, and establish generalized s - r - kkm type nonempty intersection theorem under the noncompact setting of g - convex space. as for application, some new minimax inequalities, saddle point theorem and existence theorem of maximal elements are proved in g - convex spaces ; second, by using the generalized r - kkm mapping and generalized r - kkm theorems in [ 13 ], some new existence theorem of maximal elements, existence theorem of equilibrium point for the abstract generalized vector equilibrium problem and existence theorem of solutions for equilibrium problem with lower and upper bounds are obtained in topological spaces
首先，我們在g -凸空間內引入了廣義s - r - kkm型映像，並在非緊設置下建立了一類新的廣義s - r - kkm型非空交定理，作為應用，證明了g -凸空間內一些新的極大極小不等式、鞍點定理和極大元存在定理；其次，利用文[ 13 ]中引入的廣義r - kkm映像和廣義r - kkm定理，在拓撲空間上得到了一些新的極大元存在定理、抽象廣義矢量平衡問題平衡點的存在定理和有上下界的平衡問題解的存在性定理。 -
Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate that asymmetries in lower and upper sidebands and imd magnitude variation depending on envelope frequency and junction temperature can appear, these results are in accordance with measurement results, and show that electrical and thermal memory effects exist
理論分析和模擬結果表明功率放大器上下邊帶不平衡和互調失真幅度依賴于包絡頻率和結溫，結果和測量的結果是一致的，說明存在電和熱記憶效應。 -
With time - evolution - operator, it is proved that the population of upper level is in circumstance of cyclic oscillation by laser pulses pair of gaussian line - shape in a homogeneous broadening two - level system. the oscillatory time oxide is the delay time between the laser pulse pairs and the oscillatory frequency equals the one of transition between the lower and upper level
引入時間演化算符，證明均勻增寬二能級體系在飛秒激光脈沖對作用下上能級激發態布居是周期性變化的，它以飛秒脈沖對之間的延時為時間軸，以該原子能級之間的躍遷頻率為振蕩頻率 -
The cambered shape of the crystal is achieved by grinding the lower and upper surfaces
對鏡面的雙面進行打磨，造成拱形效果。 -
Firstly, based on the classical theorem of limit analysis, the von mises yielding condition and finite element method technique, two common mathematical programs for the determination of the lower and upper bounds are built and solved by an iteration algorithm directly
首先，基於塑性極限載荷分析中的上下限定理和有限元離散技術，推導和給出了一般結構極限載荷上下限計算的數學規劃的普遍格式和相應的積分數值計算公式。 -
Next, the lower and upper bound expressions are evaluated, insofar they are present ; defaults are zero and the sequence ' s length
下一步，在它們所出現的范圍內，對上下限表達式求值；預設值是零和序列長度。 -
This paper discusses the application of rough set theory on algebra system - group, introduces such concepts as the lower and upper approximation on group and on group of quotient, points out and gives proof of several related properties
摘要通過討論粗糙集理論在代數系統群上的應用，引入了群中的上、下近似和商群中的上、下近似等概念，提出並證明了與此相關的性質。 -
The algorithm applies a simple clique finding and weighted coloring to determine lower and upper bounds, and actives exactly one new search tree node at each branching stage which using the information obtained in the weighted coloring to choose a branching vertex, and uses backtracking method to obtain optimum solution
該演算法用團的簡單啟發式演算法提供下界；用加權著色的啟發式演算法提供上界；在分支階段，每次只產生一個新的子問題，並利用著色信息來選擇分支頂點；最後利用回溯法來檢驗整體最優性。 -
It is more difficult to work out the all generalized hamming weight for the code, at present, the generalized hamming weights are worked out with some codes in the most of works, or some lower and upper bounds are given with the generalized hamming weights
由於求一個碼的廣義hamming重量是一項比較難的工作，目前國內外只求出了某一類碼的全部廣義hamming重量，但大多數文獻只求出了某些碼的（前幾個）廣義hamming重量，或給出廣義hamming重量的一些上下界。 -
The other is a measure dimension estimate for graph - directed iterated function systems when they satisfy the double lipschitz condition and the sosc. we obtain the lower and upper bound estimate for the hausdorff dimension of a list of useful measures
其二是當圖迭代函數系統滿足雙lipschitz條件及強開集條件的情況下，我們得到了一類相應的圖吸引子上的測度維數的上下界的估計。 -
In this study, we have analyzed the time - space variation characteristics of global cross - equatorial flow ( cef ) at the lower and upper rroposphere. especially for the monsoon region of the eastern hemisphere. the ncep / ncar reanalysis dataset used in this study are from 1958 to 1997
本文利用1958 1997年ncep / ncar逐月再分析資料，分析了全球各經度不同層次上越赤道氣流（ cef ）的時空分佈特徵，尤其是東半球季風區夏季的越赤道氣流。 -
L - fuzzy generalized lower and upper nearly semicontinuous multifunction and their properties
幾乎半連續多值映射及其性質 -
Using the lower and upper solutions method monotone iterative techniques, the existence of maximal and minimal solutions of first order implusive integro differential equations of mixed type are obtained
摘要利用上下解方法和單調迭代技巧，證明了一類混合型一階脈沖積分微分方程初值問題最大解和最小解的存在性。
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