market costs 中文意思是什麼
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Arbitrage, transaction costs, and autarky : china ' s grain market development
交易成本和貿易中斷看中國糧食市場的發育 -
Now inside the common market with a much less favourable relationship between concentrate costs and milk returns the situation is very different.
目前在共同市場內部，由於精飼料成本和牛奶收入之間的關系頗為不利，情況是非常不同的。 -
Nie also analyze the impaction of microscopic institutional structure on transaction costs or supervising cost of economic action, but they mainly analyze the combination of market mechanism with social institutions in exchanging area or the combination of corporation rules with social institutions, don ’ t refer to the combination of social capital, corporation rule with market mechanism and it ’ s impaction on economic action. nie don ’ t consider social capital as a kind of fundamental but ancillary economic institution
還有，科斯等人認識到經濟行動所處的微觀制度結構對其交易或組織監督成本有影響，但主要分析的是市場制度與社會制度（ system ）在交換領域中、企業規則與社會制度在企業生產領域中的分別結合，而沒有分析市場制度、企業規則與社會資本等制度的同時結合對于經濟行動的影響。 -
She offers an outstanding range of machinery in the granite and marble processing cycle, including gang saws ang slab polishing lines. in the past years, she held and reached the change of industrial structure. the pioneering technology and the hope of customer are always reflected in the producs with the quickest speed. shengda products shared chinese market and worked well in many cuntries such as italy, usa, australia, turkey, thailand, etc. she is perfecting selling and service networks in allover the wold, shengda allows the customers to keep down the manufacturing costs to better environing conditions and to reach the top quality standard suitable for market requirements
在科技研發方面，公司以博士後作為負責人，構建了一個由多名高科工程師工程師組成的研發團隊，使公司技術始終領先同行，形成生產技術上的優勢，通過技術改造產品開發技術攻關技術引進，以最快的速度將最新的石材加工技術和客戶的需求反應到產品生產中，使技術和設備走在同行的前端，產品保持國內外同行先進水平，出口到義大利美國澳大利亞韓國和泰國等幾十個國家，受到了石材加工業者的青睞。 -
In order to overcome the incertitude and reduce the transaction costs, the enterprise ' s rational selection should be to solve the financial problem by the establishment of internal capital market ( icm )
為了克服不確定性和降低交易成本，通過建立內部資本市場來解決資金籌集問題成為企業的理性選擇。 -
The existence of nonnegotiable shares becomes the tool for nonnegotiable shareholders to get funds together and expand the gap of costs arnong the shareholders. at sarne time, it leads to the high profits rate of the market
非流通股的存在使其成為非流通股股東圈錢的工具、股東之間的成本差異極大、市盈率居高不下等問題。 -
The analysis method is established on the synthetic accommodation of their respective interests. after the analysis, i ' ve got the intension of the prime costs and interests of the yangtze river containerized transport and found out an exact foundation of the prolongation operation and reformation of the enterprise market and strategic fixing
這一分析方法建立在綜合整理各自利益的基礎上，通過分析，得出長江水路集裝箱運輸的成本、利益之內涵，對企業市場開拓、運作、改革，戰略定位有一準確的基礎。 -
The commission says that this will lighten compliance costs and boost the single market
該委員會說這將減輕稅務遵從成本，推進單一市場。 -
To ensure the stable operation of region electricity market, many problems concerning equitable allocation of common costs must be solved, such as allocation of transmission losses, allocation of unit start - up costs and allocation of merchandise surpluses and so on
為了確保區域電力市場的穩定運行，需要解決許多公共成本的公平分攤問題，如網損的分攤、發電機啟動費用的分攤、市場結算盈餘的分攤等。 -
The challenge for mass - market online games is generating enough advertising sponsorship revenue to cover costs and turn a profit, or alternatively getting enough casual and resistance consumers to pay to play
對聯網游戲的大眾市場的挑戰是取得足夠多的廣告或資助收入來支付費用，並獲得收益，或採用另一種方法，爭取足夠多的隨意的和不情願的顧客為玩游戲付錢。 -
The result reveals that standardized software provides a higher return though there exist much customized demands in market ; governmental agencies as big clients contribute a lower return on sales and lower delivery rate because of their monopoly position ; regional business environment affects transaction costs greatly, causing a poor performance ; the performance is significantly influenced by incentive mechanism, not significantly by the cognitive of project managers
結果發現客戶對定製化需求大，但對標準化軟體卻有更高的邊際利潤；政府機構是大客戶，但其壟斷地位，所帶來的銷售利潤率和項目交付率並不高；地域商務環境影響交易成本，進而顯著地影響了項目的業績水平；項目業績受項目經理激勵程度和方式的影響，但與項目經理認知特徵無顯著關系。 -
In a perfect walrasian market with no taxes or transations " costs, share prices on the ex - dividend day would fall by exactly the value of the dividend that is paid on each share. however, it is well documented that stock prices do not fall by full amount, on average. following elton and gruber ( 1970 ), we use chinese data to examine the effect of dividend taxes on investors " relative valuation of dividends and capital gains
作為稅收金融效應的研究方法之一，股票除息日股價行為研究與公司的股利政策息息相關，直接關系著公司的股利政策是否能夠達到使得股東稅后收益最大化的目標；我國股票市場目前投機過度，現金股利被統一的課以20的個人所得稅，而資本利得稅尚未開征，這方面的研究也可以為資本利得稅的開征提供一個實證依據。 -
Evading risk in financial trading market cries for pricing options to a nicety. asian option, as the most flourish options in the finace market, the pricing has been focused on always. the exact pricing formula for the geometric average asian option had existed, but as to the european - style arithmetic average asian option, due to the dependence structure between the prices of the underlying asset, no analytical formula exists. on the hypothesis that the market is frictionless and without transaction costs 、 on the base of b - s ’ s and in the binomial tree model, we provide several algorithms for computing an accurate value of the european - style arithmetic average asian option. following rogers and shi and by jensen ’ s inequality, many different upper and lower bounds are provided ; meanwhile a formula have got by the comonotonicity and approximating the distribution function. all of the algorithms are easy for programming. with the development of computer, more accurater price can be computed quickly. and numerical example proved that these algorithms are very accurate
對于幾何平均亞式期權它的定價相對簡單，已經給出了定價公式。對于算術平均亞式期權，它的未定權益具有軌道依賴特性，一直沒有得到它的定價方程的解析解形式。本文基於對市場是無摩擦且在沒有交易費用的情況下，在b - s模型下，利用二叉樹模型給出了算術平均亞式期權定價方法;並總結了利用jensen 』 s不等式給出的各種不同情況下的上下界;同時應用共單調性和近似分佈函數的方法也給出了算術平均亞式期權價格的近似公式。 -
Stabilizing food costs will require beijing to ease market controls and increase grain imports, ulrich said
穩定物價需要放鬆市場的控制並且加大進口。 -
On one side, tncs " m & a practices constitute a external force pushing china ' s further soes " reform, such as diversification of corporate ownership, enhancement of corporate governance structure, effective incentives mechanisms for corporate managers, upgrade of domestic enterprise ' s international competitiveness, introduce of competition mechanisms in monopoly industries, and so on. on the other side, tncs " m & a practices may bring some potential risks, such as soes " losing dominant position in strategic industries, costs of m & a failures, less employment opportunities, risks of embezzlement of stated owned assets, and tncs " abuse of market power
五、跨國公司對中國企業的並購猶如一把雙刃劍，一方面它將有利於國有產權的多元化、公司治理結構的完善、控制權市場的形成、經營者的有效激勵約束、企業國際競爭力的提升、以及壟斷行業競爭機制的引入；另一方面，它也會產生各種風險，如國有經濟戰略性地位喪失的風險、整合失敗的風險、就業減少的風險、國內資產流失的風險、以及跨國公司非競爭性行為發生的風險等。 -
It was not implemented to replace people but to assist them in doing a better job for fountain set and their customers. " fountain set is managed by forward thinking managers who know they have to keep up with a rapidly changing market and, at the same time, endeavor to control production costs
福田一方面要緊隨時裝潮流日新月異的變化，另一方面要時刻謹慎控制生產成本，利用資訊科技已成為集團內部提升競爭力的重要一環，未來兩三年福田會更全力實施排單系統，擴大位於江蘇省江陰市的針織布生產基地。 -
Console costs 19, 800 yen 177 dollars in japan. the global portable game console market is more than 95 - percent dominated by nintendo ' s
索尼並未透露psp的售價，在日本，一般的playstation游戲機售價為177美元。 -
Annual inflation in drug costs is at the lowest rate in three decades as generic versions of some of the most common drugs have recently come on the market
當一些最常見的藥物的一般性版本最近已經在市場上來的時候，在藥物費用的年刊通貨膨脹三十年中在最低的比率。 -
I take the software as an immaterial asset having public attributes. non - market ways must be used to rectify these public attributes in order to develop software industry, but the effect of rectification is impacted by the transaction costs
論文認為軟體商品是具有公共性的無形商品，因而軟體市場及軟體產業的發展必須依賴非市場因素從外部矯正其「公共性」 ，但是外部矯正的效果受交易成本的約束。 -
Due to we e ure the product quality of co truction, which reduces the direct cost of our partner, and we also develop the useful time that saves much maintenance costs, which brings owners large economic benifit. of course from which we also win a large of sum invisible a et which is the magic weapon which we take advantage of to be succe ful in the keen market competition
由於我公司保證了施工產品的質量，不但降低了甲方生產的直接成本，而且由於提高了產品的使用壽命而大大節省了維修費用，從而給業主帶來了巨大的經濟效益，我們從中也獲得了一筆豐厚的無形資產，這些就是我們在激烈的市場競爭中取勝的法寶。
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