paper substitute 中文意思是什麼

paper substitute 解釋
紙張代用品
  • paper : n 1 紙；裱墻紙。2 報紙，報。3 收據；債券；證券；票據；匯票；鈔票（＝paper money）。4 〈pl 〉身份...
  • substitute : n 1 代替者[物]，代用品；候補員；后補選手；收入（數）。2 【語法】代用詞[語]。3 【礦物】轉接器，短...
  1. The study results of this paper can serve the two scientific subjects of our teaching and research group as basic data calculation and elementary exploration. the two subjects are : constructing high activity - amylase genes by dna shuffling technology and studying on the evolution in vitro by mutational pcr ( with 5 - br - dutp as substitute partly ) and dna shuffling technology. - amylase ( ec 3. 2. 1. 1 ; 1, 4 - a - d - glucanohydrolase ) can catalyzes the hydrolysis of - 1, 4 - glycosidic bonds of starch from middle and liberates - maltose, - glucose and - limit dextrin stepwise

    本試驗根據genbank已公布的黃單胞菌-澱粉酶基因的核苷酸序列由引物設計軟體premierprimer5 . 0輔助設計了一對引物（ primer & primer ） ，以pbluescript ks +和puc18 / puc19質粒為載體，用常規的pcr方法從xanthomonascampestrispv . malvacearum （ smith ） dye等七株黃單胞菌（ xanthomomasspp . ）的基因組dna中克隆得到8個基因片段，分別命名為zhyf001 zhyf008 。
  2. This paper, on base of analyzing and comparing the correlational measure and control product of domestic home and overseas, achieves real - timely inspecting and measuring every parameter of ergograph with more advance technology of computer measure and control and a method that software can achieve the function in substitute of complex hardware circuit

    本文在分析和比較國內外相關的測控產品的基礎上，採用了較為先進的計算機測控技術，以軟體方法代替以往需要復雜硬體電路才能實現的功能，能夠對測功機的各項參數的實時檢測。
  3. This paper brings forward one new method in the selection of supply chains cooperators : hierarch variable weight priority - degree evaluation method, it aims to solve some problem that which can not be solved with normal power integration methods, such as it can ' t take the demand of equilibrium and inspiritment into account, and it usually contraventions the principia that decision factors can not substitute each other

    摘要針對企業在選擇供應鏈合作夥伴時，常權綜合方法難以體現決策者對決策因素的均衡性要求和激勵性要求，以及常權綜合方法常常違背決策因素間不可替代性的弊病，提出了一種基於可拓理論和變權理論的新方法層次變權優度評價法。
  4. This paper investigates the enterprise ' s resources of longkung group, analyzes in detail its external environment and internal conditions, finds its external opportunity and threat and its internal advantage and disadvantage, combines the enterprise ' s strategic target and determines the development strategy of longkuang group as follows : adhere to the principle of taking the coal industry as the main stay, developing the diversified economy and developing in an all round way, make the coal industry stronger and bigger and bring along the non - coal industry, expand and upgrade the non - coal industry, actively participate the market competition, gradually substitute for coal industry and build a large, strong and competitive enterprise group with the coastal characteristics

    本文通過深入調查龍礦集團企業資源，詳細分析其外部環境和內部條件，找出面臨的外部機會與威脅以及內部優勢和劣勢，結合企業經營戰略目標，確定了龍礦集團的發展戰略：堅持以煤為本，多業並舉，全面發展的方針；煤炭主業做強做大，帶動非煤產業的發展；非煤產業經營上規模、上檔次，積極參與市場競爭，逐步實現對煤炭產業的替代。構建具有海濱特色和強大競爭力的大型企業集團。
  5. Because central potentials of four y windings in 12 - phase generator are not equal each other and there is no common reference inside the generator, it is difficult to identify the on / off of rectifying elements. in this paper, by using a mathematical model with line voltage substitute for phase voltage, the problem that there is no common reference in the 12 - phase generator with rectifier is solved. based on results of the studies on small prototype, 920kw charging generator applied in a submarine is improved in design, and therefore power oscillation with high magnitude when two generators are operating in parallel

    由於十二相發電機中四個y繞組的中點電位不等，電機內部沒有公共參考點，從而在判斷整流元件導通時，不能象三相同步發電機整流系統那樣認為陽極電位最高或陰極電位最低的整流元件導通，本文採用了以線電壓代替相電壓建立十二相整流發電機的數學模型，從而解決了十二相發電機無公共參考點的問題。
  6. This paper introduces the new approach of biogas usage abroad : upgrading the biogas by purification and concentration, it could become high calorie gas fuel as a direct substitute for natural gas, and used in natural gas - fueled equipment, vehicles ( ngvs ), and the related

    摘要本文介紹了當前國內外沼氣技術應用的動態：利用濃縮凈化技術把沼氣改進成高熱值的生物質甲烷，並將其用到天然氣應用的相關領域，可為中國沼氣應用的發展提供一些借鑒和思考。
  7. Finally, this paper set up the substitute model between the new technology and the old one and studied characteristic of the diffusion system applied system dynamic method such as the stable points and phase portrait and hopf bifurcation and limit cycle of it. then studied the probability distribution function of them, and the probabilistic equation of this system

    最後建立了四川大學碩士畢業論文創新技術和舊技術的技術更替模型，並運用系統動力學的方法分析了擴散系統在其不動點附近的變化特徵和相圖以及改進系統的hopf分支、極限環等性質，討論了新舊技術的概率分佈，並且將動力學方程轉化為概率方程進行分析。
  8. Energy conservation and and reformation of power plants " heat installation affect a lot on the efficient performance of opertion of power plant. pump and fan take a large proportion in power plant and resume much electric energy. so there is much energy conservation pationlity in them. and we should have strong tools and theories " support to reform them. we can combine the theory modeling and engineering design manufacture by the bussiness software such as fluent. in order to take full advantage of the powerful function of fluent and increase absolutely its conveniece and interaction, we should develop fluent secondly. this paper puts the idea firstly demostricly to substitute the performance test of pump and fan to get the integrative system of the optimization and computer aid design, and so we can increase greatly of the efficiecy and quality of the facility reformation. the main idea about the secondary development of fluent in this paper is based on the secondary development of gambit, the modeling and meshing s oftware of fluent, and simplify the modeling and meshing of gambit. meanwile, the data management base on web browser kind is adopted for the convenience of optimization and parameterization, and the journal files createdly recently can get new medeling and meshing files that can be used by fluent. so the designer can focus on the computer scheme and the result analysis without care the fussy designing and optimiziation. so we can increase greatly the optimization efficiency

    泵與風機在電廠中占較大數量比例，且消耗大量電能，節能潛力巨大，對其改造需要強有力的工具和理論支持，用商用cfd軟體如fluent可實現泵與風機改造中的理論模擬與工程設計製造間的結合。為了充分發揮fluent的強大功能，又能最大程度地提高其方便性與交戶性，應對其進行二次開發。本課題在國內首先提出對fluent進行二次開發，替代泵與風機性能試驗，形成一體化的優化、輔助製造系統，可大大提高設備改造的效率與質量，其主要思想是基於fluent的cad構體軟體gambit進行二次開發，簡化了泵的構體過程，同時，為了優化及參數化方便，採用基於webbrowser的數據管理方式，生成新的記錄文件同時產生新的fluent計算能識別的圖形網格文件，這樣就將設計優化者從繁瑣的圖形設計及優化中解脫出來，專注于對計算方案的確定及計算結果的分析，極大地提高了設計優化的效率。
  9. As the substitute of paper money, coins bring our life much convenience and many problems as well

    硬幣代替小面額紙幣流通給人們帶來許多方便，同時也帶來了一些問題。
  10. Abstract : this paper researches the working characters of coveying coal system in thermal power plant, and introduces the method using super high molecular weight polylene substitute for coveying system ' s sheathing board

    文摘:研究火電廠輸煤系統的工作特性，介紹使用超高分子量聚乙烯材料替代該系統中耐磨襯板的方法。
  11. There are several points to be discussed in this paper : firstly, according to the new concept of energy security, the oil supply security is the base for the most important realistic interests ; secondly, it is the extremely important strategic interest to increase oil production capacity and to enforce the researches on substitute energy, and eventually to achieve the balance between energy supply and demand ; thirdly, it is the important realistic interest to diminish the harm on environment and to optimize the energy structure ; lastly, it is the important strategic interest to develop the renewable energies to achieve sustainable use of energy

    我國能源安全的高度重要現實利益是以新能源安全觀為基礎的石油供應安全；高度重要戰略利益是提高石油生產能力和加強替代能源研究，實現能源供需平衡；重要現實利益是減少能源對環境的影響，優化能源結構；重要戰略利益是發展可再生能源，實現能源的可持續安全使用。
  12. Then, as the substitute of the traditional pi controller, neuron adaptive psd controller is used to alternate the velocity loop of dc driver system, simulation results show that the super - shoot in new system is small and the performance in the way of anti - disturbance and anti - time - varying parameters are higher than the traditional pi controller and robustness of the dc driver system improved greatly, in addition, through analysis of the character of the neuron adaptive psd controller, the paper presents a neural network self - tuning control method for dc driver system in which the diagonal recurrent neural network is used to identify the plant to calculate the plant ' s sensitivity for psd controllers simulation results indicate that excellent static dynamic target was got with this control method and the performance of the system is improved greatly,

    然後，應用單神經元自適應psd控制器改造調速系統的轉速環，代替傳統pi調節方式的轉速控制器。模擬表明，新系統在超調、抗負載擾動和參數時變方面性能優于的傳統的pi控制方式，系統的魯棒性增強。在分析單神經元自適應psd控制器特性后，本文提出用對角遞歸神經網路辯識控制對象，為psd控制器提供靈敏度參數，從而構成一神經網路自校正控制方案。
  13. The paper are investigating several alternatives for example quantum dot cellular automata and single electron transistor to substitute conventional field effect transistors ( fet ’ s ) for ultra large scale integrated circuit ; and i take research on the modeling of single electron transistor and single electron cicuit

    基於以上考慮，本文研究一些新的基於量子力學原理的器件如量子點細胞自動機（ qca ） 、單電子晶體管（ set ）取代以fet器件為基礎超大規模集成電路，主要在單電子晶體管建模和單電子電路綜合做了一些研究工作。
  14. Works are accomplished as follows in this paper : firstly, according to the real condition of the fourth pier, through analysis of several generally - used anti - slipping schemes, new method has been put forward to substitute anchored column pile with the foundation of drilled shafts so as to prevent cofferdam from slipping

    為此本文主要做了以下工作：首先根據4 #墩基礎的具體條件，通過對現有常用的幾種抗滑方案的綜合比較分析，提出了以工程本身的鉆孔樁基礎代替錨固柱樁防止鋼圍堰滑移的方案。
  15. The implying environmental substitute indicators are carbonate carbon and oxygen isotopes and so on. the main conclusions drawn from this paper are as follows : ( 1 ) the ancient climate evolution, from twenty - two thousand to ten thousand years before present, diexi, minjiang river, is from dryness to wetness and can be divided into six phases and two periods by analyzing the ancient barrier lake sediments through multi - environment indicators, and its evolution cycle is three thousand years or so

    主要得出以下幾點結論： （ 1 ）通過利用多環境代用指標對岷江疊溪古堰塞湖沉積物的綜合分析得出，岷江疊溪地區距今約22千年至10千年間的古氣候經歷了乾旱濕潤乾旱的演化過程，演變周期大約為3千年，並將其劃分為六階段、兩時期。
  16. Believing, it will substitute for the traditional paper surface plaster tablet in the market soon

    現以入編國家建築標準設計圖集，產品得到廣大消費者的認可，將來勢必取代市場上傳統的紙面石膏板。
  17. This paper goes on with analysis of the phased array radar calibration theory and compare of different schemes, then the best is adopted. 2 mhz digital circuit mainly composed of dds ( direct digital synthesis ) chip, which carries out the shift of the phase and the limit of the amplitude, has been designed and debugged successfully. it is used to substitute for the conventional phased shift circuit and amplitude limiting circuit which work at the radio frequency, so the all - digital transmit channel of phased shift array radar is achieved

    本論文研究的重點是：針對傳統相控陣雷達系統收發（ t r ）組件中的移相和限幅功能均在射頻段完成，大膽利用直接數字合成（ dds ）晶元組成頻率在2mhz左右的數字電路代替傳統相控陣雷達在射頻段進行移相和限幅的電路，從而組成全數字發射通道，使對相位和幅度的控制和調試更方便快捷，並設計具體的電路驗證此方案的可行性。
  18. Our products can be widely used as medical supplies, packaging materials, agricultural supplies, auto cover, filter medium, etc. therefore, as a kind of the innovatory products, they are the substitute for traditional textile fabrics, leather, synthetic leather, ground paper, cotton and so on

    產品的應用涉及醫療衛生用品，一次性防護用服，床單包裝鞋材，地毯基布農業豐收布汽車車罩，濾材及包裝材料等領域，是代替傳統的紡織品皮革合成革及厚紙棉布基材的革命性產品。
  19. This paper introduced comprehensively the present clean extinguisher being used as substitute for halon extinguisher. the main styles are gas extinguisher, liquid extinguisher, dry powder extinguisher, and aerogel extinguisher

    綜述了當前替代鹵代烷滅火劑（主要指哈龍滅火劑）的各種清潔滅火劑，主要有氣體滅火劑、液體滅火劑、乾粉滅火劑、氣溶膠滅火劑，並對它們目前的研究現狀作了較為全面的介紹。
  20. The layer 3 switching is a switching technology that is based on the network layer and a kind of perfect equipment which can substitute the router inside a lan. in this paper, it introduces the technology principle of the layer 3 switching router, and gives a design ideas in building backbone network

    三層交換是基於網路層的交換技術，是一種在局域網內部替代傳統路由器的理想設備.文中著重描述了第三層交換式路由技術原理，並給出建設骨幹網的設計思想
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