parts costs 中文意思是什麼
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The smart guys use interchangeable parts to get their costs down.
聰明人使用各種可以互相調換的部件，以便降低成本。 -
Helping make babies and cutting down on kleenex costs are two small parts of the growing consumer appetite for products and services derived from ancient asian medicines
成功懷孕和減少面巾紙花費只是一種消費新潮流激起的兩朵小浪花而已，消費者目前對依託亞洲傳統藥物而開發的產品和服務興趣日漸濃厚。 -
Thirdly, the author makes it clear that " civil public interest litigation " will be established in two ways : suit by prosecutor and by individual, and analyses them in general. last but not the lest, the article tries to give some analysis of concrete aspects in " civil public interest litigation ", which is divided in fore parts : the fundamental way to build it, the clarity of cases permitted to such litigation, the pre - trial procedures and rational rules on legal costs
首先明確民事公益訴訟的原告資格問題，認為包括檢察機關和個人;其次探討民事公益訴權的問題，從檢察機關和個人起訴兩方面討論了這種權利的理論差茹出;再次從宏觀角度論述了民事公益訴訟的兩種外在形式:公訴與私訴並存的機制，並且簡要分析了各自的相應內容;最後從四個方面探討了民事公益訴訟的幾個具體程序問題。 -
The running expenses of power plant is conposed of three parts : expend of raw and processed materials ( contain fuels etc. ), payout of labour force, and run and maintenance costs
電廠的日常費用大致可分為三個部分：原材料（含燃料等）支出、勞動力支出和運行維修費用。 -
Its engineers are able to create the most effective solutions to meet the constant challenge of innovative compact design delivering extended operation and competitive whole life costs through efficient planned maintenance and parts management
德事隆的工程師們通過有計劃地進行有效維護及零部件管理，能夠制定出最有效的解決方案以延長運作壽命，並獲得有競爭力的終身成本，迎接革新緊湊設計帶來的不斷挑戰。 -
With key parts of the us economy slowing fast, the influence of factors such as china, unusual weather patterns, resource scarcity and rapidly increasing costs have proved much more important
美國主體經濟的加速衰退業已證明，諸如中國、氣候異常、資源匱乏以及成本快速上揚等，都是甚為重要的影響因素。 -
Worldpecker major helps customers optimize core competitiveness, reduces costs, improves efficiency as the main purpose, from the survey, creative, media, service, monitoring five parts to this perfect and packaging ， now has become a more superior domestic potential service - oriented enterprises
啄木鳥主要幫助客戶優化核心競爭力、節約成本、提高效率為主要目的，從調查、創作、媒介、服務、監測五個環節進行完善和包裝，目前已經成為國內較為卓越的服務潛力型企業。 -
Second, the costs of original material and parts take a big share in the whole costs. the control of the procurement costs is an efficient way to increase profits, third, from a study of the value - added contribution of three segments ; procurement, production, marketing, it can be concluded the rote of procurement outweighs the other two. apart from above, original material procurement is closely related to inventory
企業的生產經營過程就是物資的消費過程，要使生產經營過程周而復始、不間斷地進行，就需要不斷地從市場購進物資，以補充生產經營過程中對原材料、半成品等的需要；采購的原料及零部件成本占企業總成本的比重居高不下，采購成本控制是提高企業利潤的重要手段之一；通過對易耗消費品、耐用消費品和復合製造型生產品采購環節對產成品的價值增值的作用均大於或等於生產和銷售環節，采購對供應鏈的價值貢獻是顯著的。 -
The thesis consist of six chapters and based on the way of propose the question, analysis, then get the solution. it discussed and recognized what the ship transportation cost was in chapter one ; studied the environment and growing trend of the cost in chapter two ; fully discussed and demonstrated the voyage variable costs and controlling method, proposed a mathematic decision model of fuel supplying and get through the validation, proposed the concept of risking cost and addressing many controlling measures to it in chapter three ; discussed a certain running costs, proposed and validated a mathematic model of condition - based maintenance, and put forward many practical controlling method of running costs such as crew payment, repairs, spare parts, stores and lub oils in chapter four ; combining a case of monthly running cost budget and verification, performed a useful learning on running cost budget, forecast and verification in chapter five ; finally fully studied the method of cost - calculating and benefit - analyzing of time chartering container ships on a proposed route
第一章主要討論並認清什麼是船舶運輸成本；第二章研究了船舶運輸成本的生存環境和生長趨勢；第三章詳細論述並論證了航次變動成本的控制措施，提出了燃油補給方案的決策模型並給出了模型的驗證過程，提出了航次風險成本的概念並論述了若干航次風險成本的控制措施；第四章對船舶營運成本中的船員費用、維修保養費用、備件、潤物料費用等幾個主要的可控性較高的成本進行了細致的分析並分別討論了相應的控制措施，提出了基於狀態維修決策的數學模型並論證了模型的正確性及具體解算步驟，對于備件、潤物料的控制堅持以科學的預算為前提，以申領、接收、使用、盤存為控制環節，切實做到理論與實踐的密切結合；第五章結合營運成本的預核算的案例，對船舶運輸營運成本的預算及核算進行了有益的探討；第六章結合具體案例對期租班輪的成本測算與效益分析方法進行了細致的研究。 -
The procuring of services or products, such as the parts used in manufacturing a motor vehicle, from an outside supplier or manufacturer in order to cut costs
外部采辦，外購為縮減開支從外界供貨商或製造商那裡獲得服務或產品（如製造機動車的零件） ；外部采辦，外包。 -
As it is, development costs have roughly tripled since 2001, according to industry figures, thanks to a shortage of labour and parts ? such as those massive tyres
根據工業數據，由於勞動力和零部件例如那些大卡車的輪胎的短缺，油沙的研發費用自2001年以來已經翻了兩番。 -
This dissertation can be divided into two parts. the first part reports the application study of cost allocation theory in electricity market, including allocation of transmission losses, allocation of unit start - up costs and allocation of merchandise surpluses
成本分攤理論在電力市場中的應用研究，包括網損的分攤研究，發電機啟動費用的分攤研究和聯營電力市場結算盈餘的分攤研究； 2 -
Faw vw will cut costs by 60 per cent if it uses domestically - made rather than imported parts and components, according to qin. faw vw will encourage its suppliers in europe to set up wholly - owned ventures or joint ventures with partners in china, he said. " all car makers, from europe, japan and the united states, should raise local content of their cars made in china, not only to cut costs but also to respond quickly to changes in china s car market, " said yale zhang, a shanghai - based analyst from us auto consulting firm csm worldwide corp
徐衛東同時向記者出示了一份去年11月份廣州市一汽巴士公司對其所采購的四家企業車輛故障統計及終身使用成本對比表，表上說明，宇通客車日故障率以0 . 07的優勢遠遠低於另三家企業駿威安凱常州的0 . 19 0 . 27和0 . 36 ，在終身使用成本方面，宇通也以8年投入90345 . 6元的優勢明顯低於另三家的245289 . 68元348508 . 8元和464688元。 -
In this article, we will compare different banking institutions, study an extensive literature on relationship lending, then explain the theory in the frame of neo - institutional economics systematically and with modeling demonstration. after specifying the costs, benefits and net - profit transfers, we will analyze the banks and firms " characteristics and surrounding factors subject to the participation and incentive constrains, finally draw our conclusion that : lending behaviors between banks and firms are diverse and always affected by the two parts " bargaining power, social environment or their cognition to the relation. we comment that smes and banks develop relationship lending which is prone to satisfy the participation and incentive constrains, and that relationship lending should be a feasible way of smes " financing
本文將通過對各國銀企關系制度進行比較，就關系貸款命題對文獻進行廣泛調研，在新制度經濟學的分析框架下進行系統規范的理論闡述和模型證明，列舉關系貸款的預期收益、成本內容，對凈剩餘的租金轉移進行分析，在此基礎上研究使關系貸款滿足參與約束與激勵相容約束的銀行和企業特徵、制度環境因素，得出結論：各國市場環境下，銀行與企業之間的關系型融資有不同的表現形式，信貸行為受到銀企雙方談判地位、主觀認識的影響以及社會信用、經濟條件、制度背景等客觀環境的制約；中小企業和中小銀行之間的關系貸款安排易於滿足合約雙方的參與約束和激勵相容約束，不失為中小企業融資的一條可行途徑。 -
As cleaning always involves only a small part of the filtration area, i. e. only a small number of filter candles are cleaned at any time, back - flushing is very fast and highly effective. filtration is not interrupted during the back - flushing process. the only moving parts are the back - flushing arm and the flow control device ; their plastic bushings re - adjust automatically and therefore wear and maintenance costs are extremely low
反沖洗耗水量少：本機反沖時同一時間只清洗一到兩只濾芯，占整個濾芯數量的十幾到二十幾分之一，所以排污耗水量小於設計流量的5 % ，反沖洗可自動定時差壓手動切換，可編程序控制器plc控制。 -
Proponents of the so - called new agrarian economics - people such as pranab k. bardhan, for example - have argued persuasively that the high rural interest rates endemic in many parts of the world in times past may have been efficient rather than exploitative in light of the high information and transactions costs, risks, market failures, and moral hazards in such areas
例如，包括普拉那博巴德漢在內的所謂「新土地經濟學」支持者有力地指出：如果將世界上許多地區的高信息成本、高交易成本、高風險、高度市場失敗幾率以及高度道義危害等諸種因素進行通盤考慮，高利息借貸過去在這些地區不時地盛行可能更具有「效益性」 、而非「剝削性」 -
Videoconferencing offers enormous possibilities for curtailing airfare and hotel costs, while still allowing us to bring rotarians together from all parts of the world
視訊會議讓機票與飯店住宿費用大有刪減的可能，而同樣能夠達到讓扶輪社員共聚一堂的目的。 -
Specialty of price and arithmetic of model based on market economy rule are designed. electricity market user demand forecasting, power corporation costs calculating, mathematic modeling of timed price and the model programming are the main parts of the paper
分時電價建模思想是將電能作為商品、把電力公司作為現代企業，以商品生產規律和市場經濟規律為基礎，從電力公司商業運營角度來考慮電價的時空特性和計算方法。 -
Aim at the shortage in actual application that the frp pipe flange joint with the steel pipe and steel parts, in consideration of the special advantage of the adhesive boned joint, put forward the method that the steel flange adhesive boned steel pipe or steel part after the steel flange instead the frp pipe flange, or the frp pipe adhesive boned direct with the steel and steel part, it can reduce the stress concentration problem that cause from the different of the descend speed and the hot bulge or freeze coefficient in the applied process. thus reduce the damage number and the maintenance costs of the piping, so this method can have the greatly actual application value
針對玻璃鋼管道與鋼管及鋼管件之間法蘭連接方式在實際應用中的不足之處，考慮到膠接連接的獨特優勢，提出如用鋼法蘭代替玻璃鋼法蘭與玻璃鋼管道膠接后，再與配套的鋼管及鋼管件進行連接，或玻璃鋼管道直接與鋼管（件）進行膠接連接，則可減少玻璃鋼管道在應用過程中與鋼管（件）連接后因沉降速度及凍脹系數均不同而產生的應力集中問題，減少管道的損壞次數及維護成本，有很大的實際應用價值。 -
After a comparison of the practices to handan iron and steel corp., combining its own requirements the author put forward some problems existing in the accounting system in jinan steel city mining co., a simulated market thought to be. then the author set forth to analyze the system in several parts, costs breaking - down, costs control and costs examining, as well as his ideas of for or against with reasons, and how to improve
本論文以濟南鋼城礦業公司成本核算的改革為先導，通過與邯鋼經驗的比較，結合礦山生產實際和需要，提出了公司模擬市場核算存在的許多問題，並進而對成本分解、成本控制、成本考核的做法進行揚棄，肯定優點和成績，指出了不足，並予以改進。
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