price incentive 中文意思是什麼
price incentive
解釋
價格刺激-
In this paper, we study the trading model based on the project " the network market ", which was implemented by the chongqing electronic commerce inc and us. aiming at the shortage of trading model in " the network market ", we employ game theory and multi - criteria decision theory, introduce the matchmaking schema based on price and quantity into electronic commerce application, bring forward a market matchmaking trading model including five phases : market matchmaking, reinforce learning, biliteral negotiation, contract signing, contract executing. the main work and conclusion as follows : considering the behaviour of multi - buyers with multi - sellers, we realise a matchmaking model based on the price and quantity through double auction mechanism under discriminatory and non - discriminatory price situation, analyse the incentive compatibility and competitive equilibrium of the mechanism
主要研究成果如下:針對多個買家與多個賣家的交易行為，提出一種撮合交易模型?採用價格和數量作為撮合要素，以雙重拍賣機制為撮合手段，重點研究均價和差價形式下的實現機制，並對其激勵相容性和市場均衡進行理論分析?為增強市場效率，論文提出了一種針對雙重拍賣的學習機制，它以三參數學習模型為基礎進行改進，藉助交易歷史信息，實現交易代理的自我學習 -
Fppif fixed price plus incentive fee contract
固定價格加激勵酬 -
This article contains three parts, five chapters. the first part introduces the incentive models of actual bonus stock synoptically, analyses the stock on hand, option shares and stock option, the three kind of important incentive models, on rights and incumbencies, value and the incentive guidance by contrast. the second part discusses the difficulties and influential factors in the design of technical bonus stock, quests for the incentive models of technical bonus stock, analyses superiority and inferior position in action, difference and interosculation between them, discusses the need and significance for the technical bonus stock reanimation in the middle - small technicalfilms. in order to make use of the technical bonus stock distribution mechanism fully, inspire the talent of technologists, encourage their devotion to films, we have some important discussion on the technical bonus stock distribution policy, introduce the distributed models of technical bonus stock, point out the questions in the excutive course, and offer the solution correspondingly. in the third part, we discuss the technical stock option design on middle - small technical films, and consider the logical thoughtfulness in the course of reanimation as follows : the more outstanding achievement for the powered man the more increase on special target the lower price on technical option premium the more profit the more effective reanimation. in the parameter, a set of detailed program is designed, which includes establishment of incentive fund, institution of merit system for the plan ' s grantors, award of stock option, determination of premium, so as to reduce random in the incentive course, have a great effect on the mormative management for the
本文內容共分為五章三大部分，第一部分概括性地介紹了現行股權激勵方式，對現股、期股和期權這三種重要的激勵方式，從權利義務、價值和激勵導向三個方面進行了對比分析；第二部分探討了技術股權設計的難點和影響因素，討論了我國中小科技企業技術股權激勵的方式，分析它們在激勵中的優勢和不足，以及它們之間的區別與聯系，並對中小科技企業實施技術股權激勵的必要性和意義進行了探討。在文中還重點討論了中小科技企業技術股權分配的策略，介紹了技術股權紅利分配方式，指出在技術股權激勵過程中應注意的問題，並提出相應的解決辦法，目的在於充分利用技術股權分配機制，來激發技術人員潛在的創新能力，激勵他們為企業作貢獻；第三部分著重探討了中小科技企業技術股份期權的方案設計，在激勵方面，按照技術期權獲受人的業績越突出特定的指標增長越快行權價越低獲利越多激勵效果越好的邏輯思路進行考慮；在參數設計方面，對技術期權計劃中激勵基金、授予和考核、行權價格等參數進行了詳細地分析設計，旨在減少技術期權激勵過程中的隨意性，為中小科技企業的規范化管理起到一定的指導和借鑒作用。 -
Based on these, considering prepayment " influence on mbs " price, the following three pricing methods are researched on deeply. referring to the experiences of foreign countries, the pricing method based on prepayment pattern is given ; considering the influence of interest rate on prepayment, different interest rate simulation pricing methods are set up, which is on the basis of different interest rate term structure model ; in view of interest rate and different incentive threshold of mortgager, a interest rate incentive function simulation model is established to price mbs
在此基礎上，考慮到預付對證券價格的影響，對以下三種定價方式進行了深入研究：借鑒國外經驗，提出了基於提前還款模式的定價方法；考慮利率對預付行為的影響，建立了基於利率期限結構的不同種模擬利率定價模型；考慮到利率以及抵押借款人的不同利率刺激門檻對預付的影響，建立利率刺激函數模擬模型進行定價。 -
Concretely, it is creditor ' s right from the angle of request of company ' s performing obligation ; it is expectant right from the realization of right ; it is option from the content of exercising right. simultaneously, eso has the characters of right, profitability, time limit and nonnegotiable. eso system is not an arrange for system of property right but a long term incentive mechanism, because the aim of enterprise executive is not property of enterprise but rich profit by exercising their right, that is the value of eso for senior manager is not to control company but to acquire profit from the price difference
第一部分分析了股票期權和股票期權制度的含義，指出股票期權的性質從不同角度分析可以認定為債權、期待權、選擇權，具體而言，從需權利人請求公司履行義務的角度它是一種債權，從權利實現的角度它是一種期待權，從權利行使內容的角度它是一種選擇權，同時它具有權利性、收益性、時限性、非流通性等特點；股票期權制度是一種長期激勵制度而非產權制度安排，因為企業經營者的目標是通過行使權利獲得豐厚收益，而非企業的所有權，即該制度對高級管理人員的最大價值是獲得差價利潤而不是控制公司。 -
Nonlinear incentive price control of dual - priority networks
具有兩優先級網路系統的非線性激勵價控 -
Then the dissertation demonstrated the logic precondition that entrepreneurial human capital participate in corporation earnings, discusses the questions of price - making of entrepreneurial human capital, and explored the development of executive compensation system in china, furthermore constructed the corporation profit distribution models that take entrepreneurial s human capital as an important distribution factor with the long - run compensation incentive as the core model
本文論證了企業家人力資本參與企業收益分配的邏輯前提，討論了企業家人力資本的定價問題，並在對我國企業家收入分配現狀和改革措施進行分析的基礎上，深入探討了中國企業家收入分配製度，進而構建了以長期激勵為主的中國企業家人力資本分享企業收益的模型。 -
Easterbrook argues the next president should favor legislation putting a price on greenhouse emissions to give inventors the financial incentive to create cost - effective solutions to global warming
他認為，下一屆總統應該會體會到溫室效應氣體的代價，所以會給建立代價高昂的全球變暖解決方法以財政支持。 -
The result shows that, in condition of fixed price contract, coordination incentive of multi - objects can not only actualize pareto improvement of the two contracting sides and prevent moral hazard of the contractor, but also can promote the contractor to improve its efforts and to allocate its resources rationally in multi - objects so as to realize coordination equilibrium improvement among the multi - objects through providing a balanced incentive combination
結果表明，在固定總價合同下，從多目標角度實施協調激勵，不僅可以實現雙方收益的帕累托改善，防範承包商的道德風險；而且通過提供均衡的激勵組合策略，可以使得承包商在多目標控制上提高併合理分配自己的努力水平或資源，從而實現項目多控制目標之間的協調均衡改善。 -
The results show that : ( l ) adoption of the intermittent mean price instead of the point price at the end of the option will help to reduce the chances of profit - making manipulated by managers and to curb the manager ' s motive to control the stock price ; ( 2 ) generally speaking, stock price of mean price option is more incentive to the managers than that of the black - scholes ; ( 3 ) when the stock market slumps at the end of the option, mean price option will ensure a moderate insurance for the managers ; ( 4 ) when stock price slumps alone with the overall situation of the stock market in the intermittent option, mean price option. however, will be inefficient as an incentive. chapter four addresses the questions concerning the manager ' s manipulation of the stock price, and the increase of the option risks because of long - term slump of the stock market
第三部分包括第三至五章，第三章針對時點價格容易被控制和時點價格的波動性太大，增加了經理期權的風險等問題，研究採用期權期內的平均價格替代期權期末的時點價格計算經理股票期權收益，構建了幾何型平均價格期權定價公式，並與black ? scholes期權定價公式進行了定量對比分析，結果表明： （ 1 ）採用期權期內平均價格替代期權期末時點價格有利於降低經理通過操縱股價的牟利機會，遏制經理操縱股價的動機； （ 2 ）一般條件下，平均價格期權股票價格對經理的激勵作用優于標準期權； （ 3 ）當臨近期權期末股價下跌時，平均價格期權能為經理提供適度保險； （ 4 ）當期權期內，股票受大市持續走弱影響而下跌時，平均價格期權失去了激勵作用。 -
Executive stock option ( eso ) is an incentive system formed in the enterprise management after introducing the concept of stock option, refers to a type of right for managers from enterprise owners to claim certain quantity of general stocks at a previously determined price within the agreed period
自從股票期權這種激勵方式首先在國外的企業中推行和運用以來，學者們便對它產生了很高的關注，既有理論上的論證也有大量的對于操作過程和方案的實證研究。 -
Executive stock option system is one mature incentive model and its core is to endow company ’ s manager the right to buy ordinary stocks at fixed price and at future given time. in order to alleviate moral risk, the owner of executive stock options can benefit from the growth of the company
經理股票期權制度是一種成熟的激勵方式，其核心是給予公司的高級管理人員在未來某特定的時間按某一固定價格購買本公司普通股的權力，使股票期權持有者能夠享受到未來公司成長的利益，從而達到降低道德風險的目的。 -
Eso achieves a good cycle, i. e., the eso gives incentive - managers work hard and maximize the enterprise value - rise of the stock price - managers exercise the option, sell the stocks and take the benefits - managers work even harder. the principle of eso is to combine managers " interest to enterprises " interest. managers can share the benefit of the increase of the enterprises " value so that they can exert themselves in the enterprises " development
經理股票期權制度實現了這樣的良性循環，即： eso提供期權激勵經理人員努力工作，實現企業價值最大化企業股價上升經理人員行使期權獲得股票差價收益經理人員更加努力地工作，從而將經營者利益與企業利益有機地結合起來，讓經理人員參與分享企業增值的好處，從而促進經理人員在企業發展過程中發揮更大的作用。 -
Responding suppliers were requested to fill in a questionnaire which covered several aspects of operational practices such as price setting, incentive rebate, responsibility of damaged goods, share of promotion fee, etc, basing on their experience in the past 7 years. a number of these practices touch on the competitive behavior of suppliers and retailers. focus of the analysis is on the interplay of power and conflict between suppliers and retailers, and whether there are any unfair practices existing in the process
這項調查就多個實際的營運范疇，包括商品的定價、銷售反利退傭的要求、商品損耗的責任及分擔商品促銷費等，以問卷形式訪問供應商過去七年的營運實況，分析他們與零售商之間的權力與沖突，從而探討雙方在經營手法或行為上是否存在不公平的情況。 -
Herders in xinyuan county like kadur bek pictured have been selling to traders for years, and have not faced a price incentive to sort wool or package it for sale elsewhere
新源縣的牧民如卡杜爾貝克見圖多年來一直將其羊毛賣給商販，他也沒有看見分揀羊毛或者包裝到其他地方銷售會帶來的價格激勵。 -
The study analyze the reason for brain drain in high - tech enterprise, and draw the conclusion that lacking the long - term incentive in wage system is the main cause for loss of human resource, so i raise the viewpoint of bringing in the stock options from foreign high - tech corp. after making a comparative analysis between china and america, and drawing on the experience of foreign counties in this regard. i make a suggestion in stock source, the option striking price in china, which are not contradictory with the existing laws and regulations in our country
本文在對高新技術企業人力資源的流失原因進行分析的基礎上，得出目前國內薪酬設計中長期激勵不足是產生高科技企業人員流動的主要原因，從而確定了引入股票期權激勵機制的前提條件，其後，在對我國股權運作模式及股票期權激勵機制制約因素的分析基礎上，借鑒國外幾十年來實施股票期權的相對較為成熟的經驗，提出了對我國相關法律法規的一些政策性建議，同時，針對我國法律及公司治理等方面對股票運作的障礙，提出了與現行法律不相違背的股票來源、股票行權價等方面的設計，並建設性地針對高科技企業提出了團隊股票期權激勵計劃及針對高科技企業的股票期權運作方法，從而為相關部門制訂有關政策及法律法規提供了借鑒，也為高科技企業實施股票期權提供了一套基本的原則和方法。 -
At last, this paper focuses on the stock market validity which have a direct relation to the esop and the effect of present incentive plan of stock property, which shows that the stock price have no real performance to uphold and that the incentive effect is not obvious at all
最後本文運用相關統計和計量軟體著重對與實施股票期權計劃直接相關的我國股票市場的有效性和現有股權激勵的效果進行了實證研究，結果顯示我國股票市價並無實質業績的支撐、有效性很低，而現有的股權激勵效果也並不明顯。 -
At last, aimed at the fact that eso is difficult to carry out in china, after the experiential analyze of the system of administrators or future shares in china now, this paper puts forward the countermeasures as that the long - term incentive tools we should focus on are performance unit, internal price phantom stock
最後，針對中國難以實施eso的事實，並對目前國內實行的管理者持股（或期股）制度，進行了經驗分析后，根據中國的國情，提出了目前應加大業績單位、延期現金收入等長期激勵工具，在將來再形成各種長期激勵工具並存的對策。 -
Taxing carbon would price the cost of emissions into the price of goods, and retailers would then have an incentive to source locally if it saved energy
含碳燃料排放稅會將排放成本轉移至商品售價中，這樣就促使零售商從本地采購? ?如果這樣更節約能源。 -
The incentive models of regulated price for power transmission enterprises with multi - type consumers
關于輸配電企業對多類型用戶的定價管制模型
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