purchasing expense 中文意思是什麼
purchasing expense
解釋
購買費用- purchasing : 采購的
- expense : n. 1. （時間、精力、金錢等的）消耗，花消，消費。2. （無形的）損失；犧牲。3. 〈常 pl. 〉費用；（額外）開支。4. 費錢的東西。
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The american express corporate purchasing solution provides an end - to - end expense management solution that streamlines every step of the purchasing process, from sourcing and buying to billing, payment and reconciliation
美國運通公司采購方案提供全面的開支管理方案，助你簡化采購程序的每個步驟，從尋找貨源下訂單，以至開發票付款和核對賬目。 -
( 4 ) on the theme of optimal design speed of hspgs line. as a optimization problem, the objective function is supposed to be the financial internal revenue rate ( firr ). annual revenue is deduced by cash flows that include engineering cost, operating expense, the cost for train - set purchasing, operating income and others
（ 4 ）在速度目標值決策方面，考慮速度目標值對客運需求、土建工程投資、機車車輛購置費、運營有關支出、無關支出等基礎數據的影響，以高速鐵路項目的經濟效益為目標，用技術經濟學的理論研究速度目標值。 -
Secondly, the generation of electricity and the sale of electricity increase slowly, the proportion and the cost of purchasing electricity go up. thirdly, the electricity expense due becomes more and more so that the operation of the electric grid becomes more and more difficult, and the knowledge on characteristic of demand is not enough to exploit the potential of power consuming market. finally, the concept of marketing is not based on the market, and the low level of service results in the simpleness of the marketing strategy, and the marketing system cannot meet the demand of the market changing
市場化改革給供電企業提出許多新問題，尤其是市場營銷面臨嚴峻的挑戰：電力銷售由供不應求轉變為需求不足；發電量和售電量呈低速增長，購電比重上升，購電成本增加；欠電費數額增長，電網運營困難；用電市場潛力深挖不夠，需求特點了解不足；營銷思想沒有真正以市場為導向、服務水平不高、營銷策略較單一、市場營銷體系不能適應市場變化的需要等。 -
( 3 ) through theoretic analyzing and with aid of practical design results, the author have researched for the first time inland the relationship between design speed of hspgs line and its economical indexes such as the traffic demand, engineering cost, operating expense, the cost for train - set purchasing and operating revenue
（ 3 ）在國內首次系統地通過理論研究和總結實際定線資料，研究了高速鐵路速度目標值與其客運需求、工程投資、機車車輛購置費、運營支出等技術經濟指標的量化關系。
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