社會間接資本 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shèkuàijiānjiēzīběn]
社會間接資本 英文
social overhead capital
  • 社 : 名詞1 （共同工作或生活的一種集體組織） organized body; agency; society 2 （人民公社） people s co...
  • 會 : 會構詞成分
  • 間 : 間Ⅰ名詞1 （中間） between; among 2 （一定的空間或時間里） with a definite time or space 3 （一間...
  • 接 : Ⅰ動詞1 （靠近;接觸） come into contact with; come close to 2 （連接; 使連接） connect; join; put ...
  • 資 : Ⅰ名詞1 （錢財; 費用） money; wealth; expenses 2 （資質） intelligence; endowment 3 （資格） quali...
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 社會 : society
  • 間接 : indirect; secondhand
  • 資本 : 1 （經營工商業的本錢） capital 2 （牟取利益的憑借） what is capitalized on; sth used to one s own...
  1. The main contents are as follows : 1. the theoretical frameworks of the local fiscal expenditure structures are the core contents of the thesis, and its main points are as follows : ( 1 ) die local fiscal expenditure structures are the interrelationship between the different factors under the economic and finance systems ; ( 2 ) the essence of the optimization of the local fiscal expenditure structures is mat the different factors among the local fiscal expenditure structures are suited to the common social needs and the distribution of mem are reasonable and appropriate ; ( 3 ) the efficiency of the local fiscal expenditures are determined by the reasonability of themselves and its effect on the economic variables ; ( 4 ) in addition to adjust the structures, the efficient expenditure management mechanism is needed in order to maintain the optimization processes

    通過研究指明： （ 1 ）地方財政支出結構是指在一定的經濟體制和財政體制下，在地方財政資源的分配過程中，地方財政支出的諸要素相互聯系、相互作用的內在關系和空間表現。 （ 2 ）地方財政支出結構優化的本質是在財政配置資源量占社會資源總量合理的前提下，財政資源內部各構成要素符合社會共同需要的目的，並且分配比例協調合理的狀態。 （ 3 ）地方財政支出結構是否合理，直接關繫到支出本身的效率，而既定的支出效率取決于這種結構對經濟變量的影響，即地方財政支出結構的效應。
  2. The discuss starts from the " positive externalities " of tech - research and development, pointing out that the products of tech - research and development somewhat has the property of " public good ". without < wp = 8 > government ' s interfere, the intensity of tech - research and development by private section ca n ' t meet the need of " pareto optism " because of the " positive externalities ", as a result, the items of venture capital are insufficient and the development of venture captal will be pull back. rational policies of government expediture can internalize the " positive externalities " - transforming them to more revenue or less cost of the tech - research and development private suppliers. be feared of the high risk at the beginning of venture capital, the private section ca n ' t provide enough capital, the " capital gap " should be fetched up by government with equity capital, creditor ' s right capital, subcidy, at the same time, some other means, such as government purchase, credit guarantee, capital insurance, tax expenditure can promte private capital, is also important. in this part, the function of the above means, the establishment and enforcment of them are breafly discussed. because tax policies play a critical role in fiscal policy, r - y chart is used to analyse the relation between tax and venture capital, at last, a conclution is drawn : tax expenditure can promote venture capital

    這部分論述從科技研發成果的「外溢性」入手，指出科技研發成果在不同程度上具有「公共品」性質，這種外溢性使得在純市場條件下，私人部門研發活動強度達不到社會資源配置最優的要求，也使風險投資項目來源不足， < wp = 6 >阻礙風險投資的發展。合理的政府財政支出政策可以使「外溢性」內部化。之後，論述了風險投資資本來源與政府財政支出政策的關系，由於風險投資尤其是其初期的高風險性，民間風險資本不足，應由政府以股權及債權投資、補助等財政直接支出方式彌補資本缺口，運用政府采購、財政擔保、保險、貼息、稅收優惠等間接支出方式，鼓勵民間資本進入風險投資領域也同樣重要。
  3. It is necessary to construct a subsystem, orgnizational system, social service system, macromanagement system, technique system and human resource development system. it adopts seven main promotive models, the science - research - base model, new & high - tech industrial park model, enterprise technology centre model, industrial technology development centre, engineering research centre model, science - research - production union model, and teconology plan model. it also utilizes the fo llowing eight policies in struments synthetically : tax policy, finance policy, governnent purchase policy, intellectual property rights protection policy, promoting the development of msb, human resource development and management policy, promoting the dovelopment of social service system policy, and industry policy

    建設多元化、高度開放的組織系統，門類齊全、功能活躍的社會服務系統，高效率、間接調控的宏觀管理系統，多層次、階段遞進的技術系統，以職業技能開發為起點，以創造力開發為目標的人力資源開發系統等五大子系統，採取科研基地模式、高新技術產業開發區模式，企業技術中心模式、行業技術開發中心模式、工程研究中心模式、科研生產聯合體模式、科技計劃模式等七大推進模式，綜合運用財稅政策、金融政策、政府采購政策、知識產權保護政策、促進中小企業發展政策、人力資c廟二工會匕汐一召樸傘一二仕山人8日食《玄啃鼠析笨本小析竿《 ， d杯刀又刁」 b七三從斤一、 i人工七丁。
  4. By models developed with relevant macro - economic variables, the scale of codi in the 10th five - year - plan years is forecasted in the second sector as 0. 759 - 0. 85 billion us dollars each year and 3. 8 ~ 4. 25 billion us dollars total in the 10th five - year - plan years. chapter 5 : comparative analysis of the motives and strategies of japan & four dragon ' s odi. chapter five is also a key part of the thesis

    本節利用gnp 、出口規模、引進外資、外匯儲備、全社會固定資產投資額等經濟變量同我國對外直接投資的關系，建立了我國「十五」時期對外直接投資規模預測模型，並預測「十五」時期我國的年均對外投資額約為7 . 59 8 . 5億美元之間，總投資額將達到38 42 . 5億美元。
  5. Listed companies have great sum of capital by collecting funds publicly from society, whose capital has been socialized and scale is far lager than traditional companies, thus impact the society widely. high managers of listed companies have become more and more professional, and selected more from specialists out of the companies. besides stockholders, the employers, customers, suppliers, governments and communities outside listed companies have formed into groups of stakeholders, who are directly or indirectly related to listed companies

    上市公司的股權高度社會化，股東人數眾多；上市公司股權高度證券化，其資本證券具有極強的社會流通性；上市公司向社會公開募集資金，資本數額龐大，實現資本的社會化，公司規模遠遠超過傳統的公司、企業，具有廣泛的社會影響；上市公司高級管理人員日益專業化、職業化和外部化，形成職業經理人階層；除了公司股東之外，上市公司的雇員、顧客、供應商、政府和社區等公司外部主體已經形成利益相關者集團，與公司存在直接或間接的利益關系。
  6. We have combined qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis to foresee the market size. firstly, we found the relative factors influencing the truck market through qualitative analysis and picked up several main factors by quantitative analysis, such as highway mileage, social fixed assets investment capital and consumption expenditure, etc. secondly, we set up four models by using those factors. the four models are a time series model, a multiple regression model, a factor regression model and an integrated model

    首先，通過定性分析找到了影響我國載貨汽車保有量的相關因素，接著又進一步進行定量的分析，從而確定了公路里程數、基本建設固定資產投資額和我國社會消費支出額等為主要影響因素;然後，利用前面的分析結果構造了三個模型，即時間序列模型、多元回歸模型和因子回歸模型，並綜合幾個模型的優點建立了一個綜合的預測模型，這一部分也是全文的重點部分;最後，分析比較了各模型的優劣並給出了每個模型的適用情況。
  7. During the whole evolution course, the change of the relevant environment ( including the environment both outside and inside ) of higher institutions are the direct causes to push the evolution of strategic management of higher institutions in usa ; the process is problem - solving ; the role of government and some agencies is important ; and the process is the equilibrium of the adaptation to organizational logic and outside environment of higher institutions

    其演進歷程表明，高校實施戰略管理是內外部壓力共同作用的結果，高校本身的復雜性程度、高校戰略資源市場的市場化程度以及高校間資源競爭的激烈程度是推動高校戰略管理演進的直接動因；美國高校戰略管理的演進是問題取向性的，伴隨著規劃職能的不斷拓展；高校管理從規劃向戰略管理演化過程中，政府、相關社會機構發揮了重要作用；高校戰略管理的演進過程體現著適應高校組織內在邏輯與適應外部環境需求之間的協調和平衡。
  8. Although it is useful to secure the fortune of owners in a good condition and clearly tells benefit or cost each other, and it is difficult to attract persons of high ability to work for them. all kinds of interests groups may exert all strength to push the government to make a good policy for their own, naturally the characteristics of the main interests groups, to some extent, will decide the character of the policy

    此舉將不可避免地會擠壓其他利益主體的獲利空間與權利，進而導致那些弱勢的利益主體以這樣或那樣的方式同佔主導地位的利益主體進行博弈，爭取自己的權利，相互博弈的結果便有可能逐步在他們之間達到一種均衡狀態? ?為各方所基本接受的利益實現、分配形式，並有可能在一個社會之中產生與之相適應的人力資產類型與信息加工模式。
  9. The leakage that has attended primary endowment insurance protects a worker, achieve or be close to ( inside 5 years ) legal and emeritus age, if oneself ask to endowment insurance treatment is enjoyed after retiring, answer to should attend endowment insurance time to calculate from oneself case, by unit or individual with worker of on guard of each year place average wage ( all worker society is before 1998 average wage ) for base, by year capture expends unit of scale filling pay and individual to answer at that time the endowment insurance cost of pay and accrual, and from " social insurance premium collects pay temporary regulations " add by the regulation since issuance day receive fine for delaying payment

    已經參加基本養老保險的漏保職工，達到或接近（ 5年內）法定退休年齡，如本人要求退休后享受養老保險待遇，應從本人應參加養老保險時間算起，由單位或個人以各年度當地在崗職工平均工資（ 1998年以前為全部職工社會平均工資）為基數，按年度當時繳費比例補繳單位和個人應繳納的養老保險費和利息，並從《社會保險費征繳暫行條例》發布之日起按規定加收滯納金。
  10. However, due to the closed structure of the japanese industrial network, social capital of japanese technical advisors, long - term trust relationships and m & a are playing important roles in the knowledge diffusion path from japan to taiwanese tft - lcd industry

    但在液晶監視器與日本電子大廠之間的技術知識移轉，卻受到（ 1 ）日本封閉性勞動力網路結構； （ 2 ）資深日籍退休人員的直接聘僱； （ 3 ）長期性的信任關系的社會資本以及（ 4 ）並購策略等重要技術移入路徑所影響。
  11. Together with the information and knowledge age, here comes the widely - extend internet and swarming information. the article puts the benefit that the readers get from public libraries and other medium into comparison, and gives a basic analysis on the social benefit, educational benefit, the direct and indirect benefit that the libraries can provide for the readers

    隨著信息時代、知識經濟社會的到來，計算機網路蓬勃發展，信息量猛增，本文探討了在信息時代，讀者利用公共圖書館資源和其它信息媒介的情況及其對比，初步分析了圖書館的社會效益、教育效益和讀者從圖書館得到的直接經濟效益和間接經濟效益。
  12. " digital land " project posed by national land resources ministry in land and resource survey, is another information project after " digital earth ". this indicates resource information management has been one of the important subjects in present science and technology fields. the mineral resources are an important part of national land resources. they are one of the most basic and important production data which the human beings rely on for existence and develope by. and also are the matter foundation of national economy and society development. thefore, it ' s very significant to promote rationally developing and utilizing the mineral resources by changing the traditional management method, applying the modern information technology to establish the mineral resources management system. geographic information system is just a comprehensive information technology capable to store, manage, analyze and display spatial data, and its powerful spatial query and spatial analysis function have been used in both natural and social sciences, especially in the field of the national resources management. on gis platform, the article studies the designment and development of the mineral resources management system in yulin, and probes into an information method of the mineral resources management in theory and practice

    地理信息系統正是一門對空間數據的存儲、管理、分析、顯示的綜合性技術，其強大的空間查詢與分析功能已被廣泛應用於自然科學與社會科學，尤其是在國土資源管理領域中。為此本文以gis軟體為平臺，開展了榆林礦產資源信息管理系統的設計與開發工作，在理論和實踐上探討一種礦產資源管理的信息化方法。文中在分析了系統功能需求的基礎上，建立了圖形數據與屬性數據兩類相結合的數據庫，實現了圖形數據庫中內部屬性表與屬性數據庫中外掛屬性表的連接，將圖形數據與屬性數據統一存儲、處理和分析，可對礦區已有資料實施信息化管理。
  13. Different arrangement to space resource makes different performance of the dominant behavior value system of social 2. 1 the establish of the dominant behavior value system of social in ancient construct in ancient society, it is often unitary. in other words, the value judgments of the whole society tend to become same in some layer. the meaning of the city elements which token by the urban designer and that in people " s mind is same in that condition

    1古代城市空伺系統營造中的杜會主導行為價擅系統建立古代社會中，由於交流與政治等方面的因素，一定社會的行為價值體系往往是一元的，也就是說，整個社會對於行為價值的判斷在個體層面上有明顯的趨同傾向，在這種情況下，城市設計者所而對的城市要素所表徵的意義與人們的理解是一致的，同時，城市建設的資源及資源的運作基本上由一種力量所控制，因而城市空間系統本身很容易成為社會認可的行為價值系統的直接對應物，也就是說，古代社會中，城市的空間系統與行為價值系統之間的關系往往能夠呈現出明確的同構特徵。
  14. In the fourth chapter, by using the theory of regional potential energy, aiming at the regional layout of international direct investment in china, the author made an analysis on the cause resulting in the nonequilibrium layout of foreign investment and the effects on the changes of regional economic structure caused by the regional layout of foreign investment and forecasted the tendency for importing foreign investment of the provinces, municipalities directly under the central government and autonomous regions. in the conclusion, according to the theory of regional potential energy, the author set forth the law of motion of international direct investment. regional potential energy is determined by the nature, combined mode and development of the elements in the region

    結論部分在總結正文的基礎上，根據區域勢能理論，歸納出國際直接投資的運動規律：區域內備項要素的性質、組合與發展變化決定了區域勢能的大小；而各區域的勢能差異，必然對資本的區域間流動產生強烈的影響，並決定其定向運動的規律；作為經濟發展的關鍵性要素，外資進入后，又將通過區域勢能的激活效應重塑區域社會經濟現實，從總量與結構等各個方面改變區域的發展水平和發展方向，並最終決定新一輪區域勢能的形成及其性質和特點。
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