relativistic electrodynamics 中文意思是什麼
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Relativistic and mass - polarization effects on the energies are included as the first - order perturbation corrections. the quantum - electrodynamics contributions to the transition energies are estimated by using effective nuclear charge
非相對論能量用rayleigh - ritz變分法確定；相對論和質量極化效應用微擾論計算；量子電動力學修正用有效核電荷方法計算。 -
Survey of basic electromagnetic phenomena : electrostatics, magnetostatics, electromagnetic properties of matter. time - dependent electromagnetic fields and maxwell ' s equations. electromagnetic waves, emission, absorption, and scattering of radiation. relativistic electrodynamics and mechanics
簡單介紹電磁學的基本現象：包含靜電學、靜磁學、物質的電磁特性。時變電磁場與馬克思威爾方程式、電磁波、電磁輻射特性（發射，吸收及散射） 。相對電動力學與動力學。 -
Bfs sensitively probes inter - electron correlation, relativistic and quantum electrodynamics corrections, so it can be used to test the basic many - body atomic theory or interpret spectra from space. the main contents of this dissertation are as follows : 1 the history and development of beam - foil spectroscopy are reviewed, and the characteristics of bfs are also described. the main applications in the spectroscopic studies and lifetime measurement of highly ionized ions are summarized
本文對高離化態cu和ge離子的光譜進行實驗研究，得到了一些新的實驗結果，論文的主要內容如下： 1回顧了束箔光譜法的發展歷史，介紹了束箔光譜法的優點；總結了束箔光譜法在高離化態原子能級研究，高離化態原子能級壽命測量等方面的主要用途。
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