revenue expenditure n 中文意思是什麼

revenue expenditure n 解釋
營業支出
  • revenue : n. 1. （國家的）歲入；稅收；（土地、財產等的）收入，收益，所得；（個人的）固定收入；〈pl. 〉 總收入；收入項目；財源。2. 稅務署；〈美俚〉稅務官。
  • expenditure : n. 1. （時間、勞力、金錢等的）支出，花費。2. 消費；開銷；費用，經費。3. 支出額，消費額。
  • n : 1. 【羅馬數字】90〈N＝90000〉。2. 【化學】＝nitrogen. 3. ＝North（ern）。N ＝nuclear 核的：N-waste 核廢料。
  1. The discuss starts from the " positive externalities " of tech - research and development, pointing out that the products of tech - research and development somewhat has the property of " public good ". without < wp = 8 > government ' s interfere, the intensity of tech - research and development by private section ca n ' t meet the need of " pareto optism " because of the " positive externalities ", as a result, the items of venture capital are insufficient and the development of venture captal will be pull back. rational policies of government expediture can internalize the " positive externalities " - transforming them to more revenue or less cost of the tech - research and development private suppliers. be feared of the high risk at the beginning of venture capital, the private section ca n ' t provide enough capital, the " capital gap " should be fetched up by government with equity capital, creditor ' s right capital, subcidy, at the same time, some other means, such as government purchase, credit guarantee, capital insurance, tax expenditure can promte private capital, is also important. in this part, the function of the above means, the establishment and enforcment of them are breafly discussed. because tax policies play a critical role in fiscal policy, r - y chart is used to analyse the relation between tax and venture capital, at last, a conclution is drawn : tax expenditure can promote venture capital

    這部分論述從科技研發成果的「外溢性」入手，指出科技研發成果在不同程度上具有「公共品」性質，這種外溢性使得在純市場條件下，私人部門研發活動強度達不到社會資源配置最優的要求，也使風險投資項目來源不足， < wp = 6 >阻礙風險投資的發展。合理的政府財政支出政策可以使「外溢性」內部化。之後，論述了風險投資資本來源與政府財政支出政策的關系，由於風險投資尤其是其初期的高風險性，民間風險資本不足，應由政府以股權及債權投資、補助等財政直接支出方式彌補資本缺口，運用政府采購、財政擔保、保險、貼息、稅收優惠等間接支出方式，鼓勵民間資本進入風險投資領域也同樣重要。
  2. But the government - finance has n ' t been taken into account not only in theory but also in practice. in actual finance working, we usually pay more attention to the finance revenue but not the expenditure, especially in the effect of the finance expenditure

    在這種重速度而輕效益，重數量而輕質量的觀念和思想指導下，表現在財政工作上，也就格外重視與財政投入相關的財政收入而忽視財政活動的最終效益。
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