shortage n 中文意思是什麼
shortage n
解釋
缺少 不足額-
Abstract : the almost ideal demand sy stem （ aids ） is used to condition of analy ze systematically the food consumption u rban inhabitants of henan province and a n aids model is set up as a basis to ana lyse the elasticities of demand expendit ure and price （ own price elasticity and cross - price elasticity ） the results show that among the five major groups of foo d consumption ， grain and poultry and egg are major consumer goods ， 55 of total ex penditure in urban housholds tobacco ， lig ur and tea ' s shares are decreasing ， as in come increasing all foods have leap out of the shortage ， and the substituting rel ationship among the foods is expanding
文摘:利用幾乎理想系統（ aids ）對河南城鎮居民的食品消費狀況進行了系統分析，建立了幾乎理想需求系統模型，並在此基礎上進行了需求支出彈性和需求價格彈性（自價格彈性和交叉價格彈性）分析，結果表明，在5大類食品消費中，糧食和肉禽蛋是城鎮居民的主要消費品，約占食品消費的55 % ，煙酒茶消費份額隨著人們收入提高呈下降趨勢.各種食品跳出「短缺」困境，食品間的替代關系增加 -
The shortage of this kind of system is that the mechanical frictional waste and noises are n ' t neglectable. this results in the low efficiency and the short life of the equipment so that it ca n ' t guarantee the reliability of the system for long term running
過去，物流傳輸系統由旋轉電機驅動，其缺點是機械磨損和噪音較大，這使得設備的效率不高，使用年限不長，無法保證系統長期運行的可靠性。 -
In order to increase the walking speed of the rolling ramper, optimize the structure and remedy its shortage, the paper, on the basis of deeply r esearching t he p rincipal t heory of rolling t amper, b ring forward t wo n ew d ifferent advanced models
為提高滾壓夯的行走速度、優化結構、彌補不足，本文在深入研究滾壓夯的工作原理的基礎上，提出了兩種改進模型。 -
Among the microscopic factors, lack of the qualified talents is dominant, and the other problems such as the shortage of investment information and experiences, low industry level, weak consciousness of the brands, and relatively low ability of investment and financing, ca n ' t also be ignored. the macroscopic factors include lawmaking behind time, imperfect political system, inflexible foreign exchange control system and the unreasonable structure of financial system, and so on
微觀因素中最主要的是人才匱乏，而投資信息、經驗不足、產業層次低、品牌意識弱以及資金實力、投融資能力較低等問題也不容忽視；宏觀因素則包括立法滯后、政策體系不健全、外匯管理制度不夠靈活及金融制度不合理等等。 -
The paper analyzes the non - lineal relations of the quantity of heat exchange and water flux of coil exchanger in part - load operating condition, the shortage of deciding the water flux in bypass pipe, the disadvantage that the operating condition of pumps and chiller ca n ' t be met with the load change of the air conditioning system in different operating condition of using pressure - difference bypassing control in primary water pump system. using load control method in the change of the operating condition of primary water pump system can realize that the load change is small and reasonable in the on / off condition of pumps and m m chiller by comparing load control method in primary variable - flow water pump system with pressure - difference bypassing control method, back water temperature control method
本論文從目前空調工程中使用的變流量水系統入手，研究了盤管換熱器在部分負荷下水流量與換熱量的非線性關系，分析了文獻中介紹的旁通管通流能力選擇的不足之處和一次泵水系統採用壓差旁通控制時，工況轉換不能滿足系統控制要求的缺陷；比較了一次泵變流量水系統中壓差旁通控製法、回水溫度控製法、負荷控製法的精確性，並得出了在一次泵水系統的工況轉換時，採用負荷控製法能使冷水機組及其相應水泵在啟停時的負荷變化范圍較小，更符合建築物的冷量需求，節能效果較好的結論。 -
With the development of social economy and science technology, rf ( radio frequency ) card technology is more broadly applied by all kinds of trades, specially such as mass transit, wireless communication identify finance trade and safety - defend etc we use usually magnetic card or touch ic ( intelligent card ) in the past, but the shortage is that the card is read - write low efficiency frictional waste and short life, so that it ca n ' t guarantee the reliability of system for long term running
隨著社會經濟和科技的發展，射頻卡技術越來越廣泛地應用於各種行業，特別是公共交通、無線通信、身份識別、金融交易和安全防衛等行業。過去，智能卡應用領域常採用磁卡或接觸式ic卡，但由於讀寫速度慢，易磨損，使用壽命短，無法保證系統長期運行的可靠性和方便性。 -
Since the draft of civil code of qing dynasty was vetoed by senate and the criminal code i n effect existed inadequacy severely, the practice of the civil law in the early republican china keep a state of code shortage all the time, which left a great deal of room for judge
由於參議院否認了《大清民律草案》的法律地位，以及《現行刑律》民事有效部分相關規范的不足，使得民初的民法實踐活動一直處在法典缺失的狀態，給司法審判人員適用民事習慣留下了很大的空間。 -
Some manufacture enterprises overseas have designed some customized design systems. the essence of these systems is to choose the product from the product database to fulfill the need of the customers. that ' s to say, the user does n ' t get involved in the design of these product, cannot see the 3d model of the product before ordering and cannot see the real result of the product this paper discusses the shortage of existing customized ordering system and explores the research of personalized design system
國內外一些製造商相繼推出了一些定製系統，但這些定製系統的實質是根據用戶提出的要求，從產品庫中匹配出最接近用戶需求的產品，從根本上來說，用戶並沒有真正參與產品的設計，而且系統給出的只是典型產品的模型圖形，客戶除對產品的功能和形狀有一個理性上的認識外，不能在下訂單前切實瀏覽自己定製的三維產品，不能看到定製產品的真實結果。 -
The main shortage of china ' s tep policy is that it has n ' t materialize industry ' s dynamic upgrading in china
存在的最主要問題是關稅政策調整沒有反映中國經濟階段動態發展的需要、沒有適應產業動態升級的需要。 -
For many experiments, using high pureness mma, controlling polymerization temperature and polymerizing condition under high - pressure nitrogen gas and heat treatment after polymerization, a transparent preform without any bubble and blemishes was prepared. then drawing this preform, gi - pof with diameter 0. 8 - 1. 0mm was obtained. because of the limitation of the experimental conditions and the shortage of the money, it is very regretted that we ca n ' t test the index profile and the loss of the gi - pof accurately
在系統研究界面凝膠法原理和聚合機理的基礎上，通過多次實驗總結、改進，在制備過程中採用提高精餾效率、控制溫度、加壓聚合、氮氣保護和後期處理等措施，制備出無氣泡及銀紋缺陷、光潔、透明的光纖預制棒，拉絲得到直徑0 . 8 - 1 . 0mm的gi - pof 。 -
Education expenditure in rural primary and middle schools is shorter than before a series of problems about serious shortage of public expenditure in rural primary and middle schools, abnormal charge in it, being behind in payment of teachers, invading and occupying education expenditure and abnormal apportion from society have n ' t been solved completely and the trend of some problems is aggravating
特別是，農村實行稅費改革政策后，地方財政收入驟減，農村中小學校教育經費更加不足。公用經費嚴重短缺，學校亂收費現象嚴重；拖欠教師工資；教育經費被擠占和挪用；社會各種亂攤派伸手學校等一系列問題並未從根本上得到解決，且有些問題有加激的趨勢。 -
The traditional method to assess the quit time is irr and accumulative gain rate. but they either ca n ' t consider the accumulative gains or ca n ' t consider the time and risk value. they have shown their shortage in decision making
傳統評價退出時點的方法的有兩種： irr和累計收益率法， irr不能考慮累計收益因素；累計收益率不能考慮時間和風險因素，在決策中越來越顯示出其不足。 -
Sites and equipments resources in rural primary schools of wansheng district, chongqing, this thesis sets forth current situation and problems of p. e. teaching resources in chinese rural primary schools, including shortage of teachers, p. e. class and unplanned p. e. courses ; serious lack of funds, sites and equipment not meeting the requirement of p. e. teaching ; unsuitable textbooks, insufficient utility of present resources, single teaching contents and students " weak constitution, etc. the major reason caused such problems is that social and school leaders as well as teachers do n ' t pay enough attention to school p. e., and are deficient in scientific guidance as a result of local economy development
本文通過查閱文獻資料以及對重慶市萬盛區農村小學體育場地、器材資源現狀的調研分析，透視出我國農村小學體育教學資源的現狀與問題：師資狀況不良，開課率低、開課隨意性大；經費投入嚴重不足，場地、器材無法滿足教學要求；無合適的教材，現有資源有效利用不足，教學內容單一，學生身體素質差等。導致這些問題的主要原因是：社會、學校領導、教師等對學校體育的認識不足，受地區經濟發展的直接影響，缺乏科學的指導等。 -
After the changes of the construction management system of lijiaxia hydropower station have been studied, the paper puts forward some thoughts on establishing and operating the rolling - development mechanism in the hydropower step constru ction in the upstream of yellow river according to the requirements of modern en terprise system and on the basis of making full use of the rich experience of th e construction management of lijiaxia hydropower station, which could accelerate the hydropower development and alleviate the power shortage so that it could ma ke great contribution to promote the economic development in the northeast regio n and to our socialism build
在研究了李家峽水電站建設管理體制的變革過程后，提出了按照現代企業制度要求，利用李家峽水電站工程建設管理的豐富經驗，建立、運作黃河上游水電梯級滾動開發機制的設想，以便加快開發速度，緩解電力嚴重不足的現象，振興西北經濟，為我國社會主義建設做出巨大的貢獻。 -
The following are the results from the unreasonable utilization for the city area : food producing become more difficult because of the excessive declining of farmland ; management of the land resources turn to be unmarketable and the land is fallowed and wasted ; the ecological crisis could be aroused and the exist and development of the city be threaten because of the destroying of the ecological balance ; the improvement of social economy and quality of people ' s life is seriously banned by the unnatural shortage of the land supply, or the abnormal increase of the land price ; the outline of a city could n ' t be impressive, or the aesthetic value could n ' t be carry out on account for the monotony in the city ' s construction, etc. too much lessons show that we must pay more attention on the research of the utilization of the city ' s land in order to make scientific, forecasting and reasonable principles, laws and policies to regulate activities for people planning and exploiting city land
對城市土地不合理利用的後果是：或造成耕地大量被侵佔，給糧食生產帶來危機；或造成土地資源的大量閑置和浪費，引起土地資源配置的非市場化；或造成生態環境失衡，引發嚴重的城市生態危機，危及城市未來的生存與發展；或導致城市土地供應的人為短缺及房地產價格的畸形高漲，嚴重阻礙經濟增長和人民生活質量的改善；或城市土地結構趨同，缺乏鮮明的個性和特點；或城市土地上的工程都千篇一律，難以樹立城市形象，難以體現美學價值等等。理論和歷史教訓警示我們，土地資源是人類社會可持續發展的基礎，必須切實加強對城市土地利用的研究，制定出具有前瞻性、科學性和實踐性的與城市土地利用相關的法律、法規和政策，以規范人們的用地行為，指導城市規劃、土地開發等實踐活動。 -
Then, based on the summarization and evaluation of the fruits and shortage other scholars made, this paper brings forward the research hypotheses. on the base of fully understanding of various research models of value relevance, this paper chooses the feltham - ohlson model and the balance sheet model as the basic mod els and adjusts the two models to test the value relevance of accounting data of listed a share corporations in china. the research result shows : ( 1 ) in the period from 1996 to 2001 the value relevance of accounting information in china is falling with the implementation and changing of every financial accounting standard ; ( 2 ) when testing listed corporations suffering loss the feltham - ohlson model is invalid ; ( 3 ) compared with 2000, the accounting data of 2001 is n ' t more conservative but more aggressive ; and ( 4 ) this paper ca n ' t judge whether the book value of corporation assets after computing the asset reduction required by " accounting regulation of corporations " is closer to that before computing, and it needs further researching
在對各種價值相關研究模型充分理解的基礎上，本文有針對性地選擇feltham - ohlson模型和資產負債表模型作為研究的基本模型，並根據所研究的具體問題對模型進行了修正，用以檢驗我國a股上市公司會計數據的價值相關性，研究結論如下： 1 、 1996 2001年我國會計信息的價值相關性沒有隨各項具體會計準則的頒布和變更逐年提高，反而逐年降低； 2 、 feltham - ohlson模型在檢驗虧損上市公司時失效，這可能是我國資本市場中特有因素造成的； 3 、與2000年相比， 2001年會計數據不但沒有更謹慎，反而更「激進」 ； 4 、本文檢驗結果無法判斷計提《企業會計制度》新要求的四項資產減值準備后計算出的企業資產帳面價值是否比未計提資產減值準備計算出的資產帳面價值更接近企業真實的經濟價值，有待今後做進一步的研究。 -
The traditional signal processing methods that amplify, filter, rectify signal and count, which are used in vortex flowmeter now, has shortage in extracting real flow signal from noise. the methods that restrict measurement range or do n ' t measure small flow have to be adopted
目前渦街流量計所採用的放大、濾波、整形、計數的處理方式，在從噪聲中提取流量信號方面存在較大的局限性，只能採用限制量程比、不測小流量等方法來抑制噪聲。
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