shrinkage of volume 中文意思是什麼

shrinkage of volume 解釋
體積收縮
  • shrinkage : n. 1. 皺縮；縮水；減縮；減少。 2. 【物理學】縮誤；縮減量；（肉類在運輸、加工過程中的）重量的損耗。 shrinkage in the market place 市場萎縮。
  • of : OF ＝Old French 古法語。
  • volume : n. 1. 卷，冊；書籍；【歷史】書卷，卷軸。2. 〈常 pl. 〉大塊，大量，許多。3. 體積；容積；分量，額；【物、樂】音量；強度，響度。
  1. The results of experiment on the relationship between tensile strength, shrinkage, self - desiccation shrinkage and flat restraint cracking show that sra ' s physical shrinkage - reducing effect and ea ' s chemical expansion effect greatly enhance the volume stability of concrete and reduce the probability of early - cracking

    對減縮劑與膨脹劑抗拉強度、干縮、自乾燥收縮及平板約束開裂的試驗結果表明： sra的物理減縮作用及膨脹劑的化學膨脹作用，大大提高了混凝土早期的體積穩定性，降低了早期開裂的概率。
  2. In the design, the construction measures such as application of shrinkage - compensating concrete, arrangement of spacing layer between the foundation rock and the bottom slab, adding outside waterproof layer, flexible connection between outlet pipe with side - wall, integerated concrete placement of pump seat with bottom slab and design of reinforcement with application of advanced calculation theory are used according to the characteristics of lager span, larger volume and complex loading conditions of the understructure

    針對下部結構跨度大、體積大、受力復雜的特點，在設計中採取多種措施，包括採用補償收縮混凝土、基巖與底板間設隔離層、增設外防水層、出水管與邊墻採用柔性連接、機座與底板整體澆注、採用先進計算理論指導配筋。
  3. In this paper, the course of isothermal crystallization kinetics of polymer in limited volume unit is simulated by use of the method of monte carlo. four factors influenting on the course of polymer in the limited volume unite isothermal crystallization are analyzed under the given conditions. the four factors are sample volume shrinkage, the change of the linear growth rate of entities g, the change of sample thickness and the change of the number of nuclei

    本文採用montecarlo方法研究了高聚物在有限體積元中的等溫結晶動力學過程，分析了在一定條件下，樣品體積收縮、晶體線生長速率變化、樣品厚度變化和晶核數目變化這四種因素對高聚物在有限體積元中的等溫結晶過程的影響。
  4. Incorporating with mineral admixtures could control the tendency of evening shrinkage of hpc, but the effect is not much remarkable. and the expansive agent uea could compensate shrinkage, but different curing conditions have significant effects on the volume stabilization of hpc. it is necessary to enhance the water curing at the young age and try the best to prolong the curing time

    本文對高性能混凝土體積穩定性的特點及其補償措施進行了系統的研究，主要包括：指出了水膠比對高性能混凝土體積穩定性的影響；分析了摻礦物外加劑高性能混凝土體積穩定性的特點；研究了聯合摻加礦物外加劑和膨脹劑對高性能混凝土收縮的補償效果；探索了用膨脹型中熱水泥來配製高性能混凝土對收縮的改善。
  5. In the volume change study, we found appropriate temperature is helpful for shrinkage control, and different lpas have different shrinkage control effects due to their dipole moment, tg, miscibility with upr and morphology after blending. there existed an optimal concentration range of poly ( vinyl acetate ) based lpas for shrinkage control. lpa was effective for shrinkage compensation in this range, on the other hand, lpa only acted as filler and the low profile effect vanished out of this range, however, for polystyrene based lpa, the more concentration the better shrinkage control

    在膨脹研究中，發現適當的溫度條件更有利於upr達到好的收縮控制效果；不同類型的lpa隨著偶極矩、玻璃化溫度、與upr的相容性、與upr的混合形態的不同，表現出不同的收縮控制效果；聚醋酸乙烯酯類的lpa - a存在一個最佳收縮控制的濃度范圍，在這個范圍之內， lpa起到補償收縮的作用；而在這個范圍之外， lpa的作用僅相當于填料，不能起到收縮控制。
  6. We research the causes of concrete cracking, develop the high performance anti - cracking additive, optimize the concrete mix and construction techniques, increase the stability of concrete volume by shrinkage compensation, enhance splitting tensile strength, and can meet demand of high workability of fresh concrete. in the study, a thorough investigation of this problem is made from all points of view, with the aid of various modern measurement & testing technology and different theories & methods in surface physical chemistry, structural chemistry, solid - state chemistry, composite materials, fracture mechanics, etc. our research results have shown that the various shrinkage of concrete cause concrete cracking in building engineering, such as autogenous shrinkage, dry shrinkage, temperature shrinkage, plastic shrinkage, carbonized shrinkage, etc

    目前，解決混凝土開裂的方法是綜合的，我們調查研究了混凝土開裂的原因，開發研製了高性能抗裂外加劑，優化混凝土的設計和施工方法，並通過補償收縮達到混凝土體積穩定，提高抗裂強度，滿足混凝土拌和物高工作性能的要求。本研究採用多種測試技術，應用表面物理化學、結構化學、固體化學、復合材料學、斷裂力學等多學科的理論與方法，從不同的角度進行深入的研究和探討。通過調查研究建築工程中出現的混凝土開裂、滲漏問題，發現混凝土在非荷載作用下開裂主要是由混凝土的自收縮、乾燥收縮、溫度收縮、塑性收縮、碳化收縮等各種收縮變形引起的。
  7. The study on salc includes : 1 ) the study on the harmonization between aeration rate and melts thickly rate ; 2 ) the study and application of the new multi - function composite additive ( nmca ) ; 3 ) the study on the durability of salc ; 4 ) the designation of the structure of new multi - functional unbearing compound wall and fast equipment mold, etc. the results show : the additive can improve the harmonization of the workability and mechanics characteristic of salc to a certain extent ; improve the volume stability of salc under different environment by enhancing the resistance to the freeze and thaw, dry and wet circle and drying shrinkage

    在salc的研究方面，主要包括發氣速度和稠化速度的協調性研究、新型多功能復合外加劑的研製、耐久性能的研究以及新型多功能非承重復合墻體結構及其澆注成型的快速組裝模具設計等內容；結果表明：科學合理的引入輔助外加劑在一定程度上使salc材料的工作性及相應物理力學性能得以最佳匹配，增強了salc材料對凍融循環、干濕循環及乾燥收縮的抵抗能力，使salc在不同的環境下均具有較好的體積穩定性。
  8. Volume shrinkage of sample results in the increasing of the value of the crystallization rate vc and the decreasing the values of the avrami exponent n in the primary crystallization and s, defined as the relative crystallinity degree when experiment data deviate theoretical predicting straight line. compared with the avrami equation, the price equation hardly makes progress on describing the behavior of polymer later stage crystallization

    樣品體積收縮，導致avrami指數n值減小；結晶速度v _ c值增加；表示實驗值偏離理論預測直線時的相對結晶度_ s值減小；與avrami方程相比， price方程仍不能較準確地描述高聚物等溫後期結晶行為。
  9. Soil improvers and growing media - determination of physical properties - dry bulk density, air volume, water volume, shrinkage value and total pore space

    土壤改良劑和生長劑.物理特性的測定.毛體積干密度空氣量水量收縮值和總孔容
  10. ( 3 ) volume shrinkage of composite decreases greatly with wpu increasing, even can arrive a negative number, but thermal stability is still good. ( 4 ) toughening mechanism is that : the formation of high molecular linear amino formate construct is the toughening reason ; hydroxyl - terminated pu - prepolymer and pf react to produce chemical bond effect which participate cure ; carboxyl - terminated pu - prepolymer and pf form semi - ipn which make toughened pf occur maximum

    （ 4 ）通過紅外光譜對pf / pu共混物分子結構進行的定性分析、以及掃描電鏡對沖擊斷面形貌進行的分析，可證明聚氨酯預聚物增韌酚醛樹脂的機理是：兩個體系都是由於高分子量的線形氨基甲酸酯結構而增韌；端羥基pu與pf在共固化中產生化學鍵效應，參與pf的固化；而端羧基pu則與pf形成半互穿網路而增韌。
  11. In our work, many methods were used to study the shrinkage control mechanism of unsaturated polyester resins with low profile additives cured at low - medium temperatures, including a dilatometer for volume change which was designed and developed in our laboratory, and sem for morphology

    本文的目的是研究加入低輪廓添加劑的不飽和聚酯樹脂在中低溫下固化的收縮控制機理。成功的試制了能夠測量樹脂固化體積變化的膨脹儀；用sem觀察了試樣固化后的最終形態。
  12. Look back generally to elaborate the development and present situation of the stress - strain model of soil. according to a great deal of data of the test and research of zipingpu reservoir concrete faced rockfill dam ' s material, suggest the more reasonable stress - strain - volume change equation to contain strain softening, dilatancy ( shrinkage ) of the no viscous moraine and gravel. suggest the method to gain the model ' s parameter

    較全面回顧闡述了土體本構模型的發展和現狀，根據紫坪鋪面板堆石壩築壩料的大量試驗研究，提出相對合理的應力應變關系方程，以反映土體的應變軟化、剪脹性，並提出模型參數的求取方法，求取模型參數。
  13. Soil improvers and growing media - determination of physical properties - dry bulk density, air volume, water volume, shrinkage value and total pore space ; german version en 13041 : 1999

    土壤改進劑和生長劑.物理特性的測定.毛體積干密度
  14. Early age cracking of concrete has re - emerged as an important issue all over the world in recent years. the stress, due to restrained volume change related to thermal deformation and shrinkage in the early age concrete, is the main driving force for the deleterious cracking in the construction stage. during the development of the stress, creep, a very important property of concrete, is always developing. creep contributes to 40 ? - 50 ? reduction of the elastically induced stress in the restrained specimen. ring test, a qualitative test, can provide information to assess the potential for cracking of different concrete. an overview of ring test developed in recent years and mechanism of uniaxial tensile creep test is described in this paper at first. then, an innovative test equipment based on ring test is outlined

    近年來混凝土早期裂縫問題再次引起全球工程界的廣泛關注.早期混凝土由於體積變形受到約束而產生的應力是導致混凝土開裂的主要因素.在混凝土應力發展的同時，混凝土徐變也在同時發生著變化.有研究表明，徐變能減少40 ? - 50 ?的早期應力.圓環試驗是用於定性評價混凝土材料抗裂性能的試驗方法之一.本文首先分析了圓環試驗和單軸拉伸徐變試驗的原理，創造性地將圓環試驗用於測量早期混凝土的干縮徐變，並設計了試驗方案
  15. All concrete structures are exposed to volume changes caused by hydration reactions in the early age. if the volume changes are restrained, stresses is generated which will cause cracking when it overcomes the tensile strength. as the mechanical properties of early age concrete vary with time, especially the creep degree depends on the time elapsed and the time at loading, to calculate the stress of concrete structure is a complex nonlinear problem. the finite element method ( fem ) can take account of the evolution of the stiffness properties, the development of thermal strain, creep, shrinkage and so on. in this paper, a general approach for numerically simulating this type of behaviour is presented firstly. then, how to solve this problem is introduced by the general finite element software ansys using the initial stress method. finally, a detailed description of an example calculation that demonstrates the potential of the numerical simulation strategy follows

    早期混凝土由於水化反應都會產生體積變化.如果體積變形受到約束就會產生應力，一旦超過混凝土的抗拉強度就會產生裂縫.由於早期混凝土的力學性能是隨時間變化的，特別是徐變，它不僅與加載時間有關而且同時隨齡期而變化，因此計算早期混凝土結構應力是較為復雜的問題.有限單元法不僅可以考慮混凝土剛度的變化，而且可以考慮溫度、徐變、收縮等因素.本文利用初應力法對通用有限元軟體ansys進行了二次開發，通過工程實例計算了高層建築地下室側墻早期混凝土應力的變化過程，並提出了相應的抗裂措施
  16. The results indicated that the time of heat preservation had important influence upon the macrostructure, apparent porosity rate, volume weight, the pervasion rate, shrinkage rate and the compressive strength

    研究結果表明，保溫時間對孔結構、氣孔率與容重、水滲透率、收縮率以及強度有著重要的影響。
  17. The mechanism of physical damage of carbon fibers was clarified firstly. the precursor which attached on carbon fibers changes to inorganic ceramic under high temperature with large volume shrinkage which appearing at cracks with fiber traction and the cracks are mainly vertical to fiber axis. because of mismatched coefficients of thermal expansion, carbon fibers suffer multiple thermal stresses and are damaged

    首次探明了碳纖維熱應力物理損傷機制，即碳纖維表面附著的先驅體在高溫下無機化形成陶瓷體，同時伴隨著大的體積收縮，在碳纖維的牽引下，基體的體積收縮以開裂形式出現，裂紋的取向以垂直於纖維軸向為主，由於碳纖維與基體熱膨脹系數失配，致使碳纖維在降溫過程中受到復雜熱應力，引起碳纖維損傷。
  18. Plastics - unsaturated polyester and epoxy resins - determination of overall volume shrinkage

    塑料.不飽和聚酯和環氧樹脂.總體積收縮量的測定
  19. Plastics. unsaturated polyester and epoxy resins. determination of overall volume shrinkage

    塑料製品.不飽和聚酯樹脂和環氧樹脂.體積總收縮率的測定
  20. Standard test method for volume shrinkage of latex sealants during cure

    凝固過程中膠乳密封劑體積收縮的標準試驗方法
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