smoke protection 中文意思是什麼

smoke protection 解釋
消煙防護
  • smoke : n 1 煙，煙塵，煙柱；霧；水氣，蒸氣；塵霧。2 沒有實體[意義、現實性]的事物；空談；空虛。3 模糊視線...
  • protection : n 1 保護，保衛，防禦，掩護，包庇，照顧 （from; against）。2 保護者，防護物 （against）; 〈美俚〉...
  1. It contains more then 4, 000 chemicals which includes poisons and carcinogens. e. g. tar, nitcoine, carbon monoxide, ammonia, dimethylnitrosamine, formaldehyde, hydrogen cyanide and acrolein. the u. s. environment protection agency has classified secondhand smoke as a group a carcinogen

    二手煙霧含有4 ， 000多種的化學粒子和氣體，當中還包括了焦油、尼古丁、苯並芘等粒子，以及有毒氣體如一氧化碳、亞摩尼亞、甲醛、丙烯醛等。
  2. Article 41 in densely inhabited areas and other areas that need special protection according to law, the burning of asphalt, asphalt felt, rubber, plastics, leather, garbage and other materials that may produce toxic or harmful smoke or dust or fetor shall be prohibited

    第四十一條在人口集中地區和其他依法需要特殊保護的區域內，禁止焚燒瀝青、油氈、橡膠、塑料、皮革、垃圾以及其他產生有毒有害煙塵和惡臭氣體的物質。
  3. Article 57 whoever, in violation of the provisions of the first paragraph of article 41 of this law, burns asphalt, asphalt felt, rubber, plastics, leather, garbage or other materials that may produce toxic or harmful smoke or dust or fetor in densely inhabited areas or other areas that need special protection according to law shall be ordered to stop the illegal act and imposed upon a fine of not more than 20, 000 yuan by the administrative department of environmental protection under the local people ' s government at or above the county level in the place the violator is located

    第五十七條違反本法第四十一條第一款規定，在人口集中地區和其他依法需要特殊保護的區域內，焚燒瀝青、油氈、橡膠、塑料、皮革、垃圾以及其他產生有毒有害煙塵和惡臭氣體的物質的，由所在地縣級以上地方人民政府環境保護行政主管部門責令停止違法行為，處二萬元以下罰款。
  4. Article 34 the burning of asphalt, asphalt felt, rubber, plastics, leather and other materials that may produce toxic or harmful smoke or dust or malodorous gases in densely inhabited areas shall be prohibited ; when, under special circumstances, such burning is really necessary, it must be reported to the local environmental protection department for approval

    第三十四條禁止在人口集中地區焚燒瀝青、油氈、橡膠、塑料、皮革以及其他產生有毒有害煙塵和惡臭氣體的物質；特殊情況下確需焚燒的，須報當地環境保護部門批準。
  5. The fire design for a large building of saling books is always a very important research subject. because of the large scale, high space, high hazard of fire and particular construction of these buildings, their fire - protection designs, including fire compartmentation, safety evacuation, smoke control, construction protection and positive fire - protection device and etc., put forward a challenge to the traditional ‘ prescriptive ’ fire - protection design codes

    大型公共建築物的防火設計一直是非常重要的研究課題，由於這類建築規模大、空間高、結構特殊、火災危險程度高，其消防設計在防火分區、安全疏散、煙氣控制、建築結構防火保護、主動消防設施設置等方面對傳統的「處方式」防火設計規范提出了挑戰。
  6. With analyzing of the case study and based on simulating and analyzing quantitatively, this article, considering the goal of the performance - based fire - protection design is protecting occupants from being injured and keeping buildings from being damaged, thought that fire compartmentation of a large building of saling books can be divided according to their saling malls and fire compartmentation in the saling mall can be separated by the fire - proof screen. on the evacuation design, the quantity of safety exits around these buildings and the evacuation width should be increased if possible and the safety exit number, exit width and evacuation distance can be determined according to the simulating results on smoke layer temperature and height, concentration of co2 and co, occupants evacuation time and visibility. on the means of preventing and discharging smoke, the most proper measure should be determined according to their geometrical characteristics and the natural means of discharging smoke is feasible to the large building of saling books. based on analyzing of smoke

    通過對案例分析研究，本文認為大型書城建築性能化防火設計研究的最終目的是保證人員生命安全和保證建築結構安全，在模擬計算和量化分析的基礎上，大型書城的防火分區可以將中庭連通的書城區域劃分為一個區，在書城場地內可以採用防火卷簾進行防火分區劃分;在人員疏散設計中，應盡可能利用書城賣場的空間設計較多的安全出口和增大疏散寬度，其安全出口數量、寬度和疏散距離可以根據人員安全疏散時間和煙氣溫度、沉降高度、 co2濃度、 co濃度、能見度模擬計算結果驗證確定;在防排煙方式的選擇上，應當根據建築物的幾何特點選取最適宜的措施，就大型書城建築而言，採用自然排煙的方式是可行的。
  7. For long - term protection of heated pipelines, exhaust pipes, smoke stacks and other heated surfaces up to 550 - 600

    長期保護加熱管道、排氣管道、煙囪及其它溫度可高達550 - 600的受熱面。
  8. Prior to the establishment of a new boiler product, the standards of smoke concentration and blackness for its initial discharge, and data on their testing should be filed with environmental protection authorities of cities under the jurisdiction of provincial people ' s governments

    鍋爐新產品定型前，其初始排放煙塵濃度和煙氣黑度標準及其測驗數據資料，應當報省轄市級以上人民政府環境保護部門備案。
  9. Presents the design of the air exhaust and smoke extraction systems for underground garages, including smoke control and fire zoning, design of the smoke extraction and air exhaust, and fire protection air make - up systems

    摘要介紹了地下汽車庫的排風與排煙系統設計，包括防煙防火分區的劃分、排煙排風系統的設計以及消防補風系統。
  10. This thesis discusses the performance - based fire protection design, the basic knowledge of smoke control and theoretic basis on smoke simulation

    論文論述了建築防火性能化設計，煙氣控制的基本知識和煙氣模擬的理論依據。
  11. This paper analyzed the criterion of the safety evacuation, factors affected on safety evacuation, calculating method of evacuation time and the smoke layer falling time, typically introduced the several calculation method that i had know, such as the japan three steps calculation method based on experience ( awareness time, travel time, queue time ), two computer modeling calculation method such as simulex and exodus and a spatial grid computer model of hongkong. and it also analyzed and certificated the application scope and difference between the computer modeling calculation methods and japan method with the practical project. all these are aimed to provided preference for performance - based design method and design of computer program for modeling evacuation of people, and advanced the steps of performance - based fire protection design method in our country

    本文對安全疏散的標準、影響安全疏散的因素、疏散時間和影響疏散的煙層下降時間的計算等方面進行分析，重點介紹了作者所掌握的疏散時間的幾種計算方法，日本的三步驟疏散時間經驗公式計算方法（察覺時間、步行時間、排隊等待時間） 、以及兩種計算機疏散計算模型simulex和exodus 、香港的空間網格計算機模型的計算方法等，並結合實際工程來分析驗證疏散計算機軟體模擬和日本經驗公式法之間的不同與適用性，並對疏散計算中的重要參數，人員密度和疏散人數的確定進行介紹，旨在為我國的性能化疏散設計與疏散模擬的計算機軟體的編制提供參考，同時促進我國性能化防火設計的進程。
  12. In this paper, based on the qinling - zhongnanshan long double - tube highway tunnel, the rule of temperature field, pressure field and smoke distribution in a long highway tunnel fire is studied. on the basis of this, safety system on the tunnel fire protection and rescue of the long highway tunnel are discussed deeply

    本文以秦嶺終南山特長公路隧道為對象，研究了火災時隧道內溫度場、壓力場的分佈以及煙霧的擴散規律，並在此基礎上深入研究了長大雙洞公路隧道火災防災救援安全體系。
  13. Calibrated chronometers are also used to check the duration of dark smoke emission from chimneys by the environmental protection department and in testing construction materials by the housing department.

    此外，環境保護署及房屋署都需要準確計時器，分別用來驗查煙囪排放黑煙的時間及測試建築物料等。
  14. The results simulated by the program are compared with the experiments. the experimental data come from the smoke filling experimental data conducted by ustc, the data of gravity venting and smoke exhaust in the examples of the report of the development on fire protection design in buildings, written by japanese construction commission, and the smoke exhaust experiments data conducted by the author

    論文中將中庭煙氣管理系統各部分的程序模擬結果分別與中科大煙氣填充的實驗結果、日本建設省所編寫的《 '建築物防火設計法的開發'報告書》 （第3卷）中的自然排煙和機械排煙的算例結果以及筆者所做的中庭機械排煙正交實驗結果進行了比較。
  15. " we ' ve got to ask ourselves if traffic safety and health protection should not take precedence. smoke fumes inside a car are many times higher than in other areas.

    我們必須捫心自問是否該以交通安全及捍衛健康為優先。汽車里的煙霧濃度要比其他地區高出了許多倍。
  16. This valve is widely used in the pipe system such as venting ， environment protection, cont - rolling smoke and collecting waste heat in building material, glass, mining, power, light industry and papermaking departments

    電動高溫蝶閥，普遍適用於建材、玻璃、礦山、電力、輕工、造紙等行業的通風、環保工程、煙氣治理、熱能回收等管道系統中。
  17. Aiming at the problems of smoke control and hvac fire protection in civil building design, analyses some provisions in the current national standards and codes for smoke extraction in inner passages, setting of fire dampers in hvac systems and setting of pressurising air supply systems in upright evacuation passages for underground and semi - underground spaces, and gives the author ' s personal opinions

    摘要針對民用建築工程設計中遇到的防排煙及通風空調系統防火問題，分析了現行國家標準關于內走道排煙、通風空調系統防火閥設置、地下室及半地下室豎向疏散通道正壓送風系統設置等的相關規定，並提出了個人見解。
  18. After analyze the foundation of the current national code ( code for fire protection design of tall buildings gb500045 - 95 ) through experiments and fire simulations, the author has found that there are some limitations on the use of this national code for the designing of smoke management system in an atrium. this paper has been discovered that it is not enough when using the smoke layer interface height as a criterion to make an assessment on the safety rate in a building fire, or to calculate the egress time

    通過上述實驗研究和數值模擬研究，發現當採用我國現行的《高層民用建築防火設計規范》 （ gb50045 - 95 ）來指導中庭建築的排煙系統設計時，在本文設計的火災場景條件下（參照實際的中庭商場調研情況，即火災載荷密度較大時） ，對于本文實驗研究中所採用的相似模型及原型建築，無論是採用自然排煙或者是採用機械排煙，其排煙量皆不足。
  19. This valve is the product of saving energy and environment protection which can administer smoke availably by using heat energy

    高溫襯里保能蝶閥系環保節能型產品，能充分利用熱能有效治理煙氣。
  20. Application : conduit for liquidproof installations in fire - risk areas, as protection against fire effects such as corrosiveness, toxicity and smoke gas evolution, for heavy mechanical stress

    應用：軟管可用作易發生火災處的防漏裝置，保護以免除火災的影響，如腐蝕性、有毒性和煙霧氣體。抗機械重壓。
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